The Leabhar Oiris, or Book of Chronicles, which is here printed for the first time, as I believe, in the complete form in which it has come down to us, is mainly an account of the battles of Brian Boroimhe from the accession of Maelseachlainn in 979, followed by short annals of events to A.D. 1027. The work has been attributed by O'Reilly, O'Halloran, and Hardiman to Mac Liag, the bard of Brian Boroimhe, whose Life he is said to have written. O'Curry contests this in his Manners and Customs, ii., p. 116, though he is willing to admit that the Cogadh Gaedhel re Gallaibh may have been the composition of Mac Liag. No doubt O'Curry is right. The evidence in favour of Mac Liag is not convincing. It is a Munster compilation, evidently by a zealous partisan of Brian, as is shown by the omission of his less successful exploits. It has been used extensively by the compilers of the Dublin Annals of Innisfallen, many of the entries coinciding.
It was from the Leabhar Oiris that O'Halloran drew the materials for his account of Brian's reign (History, ed. 1728, ii. 234). He cites it frequently, and refers to it as the Leabhar Oiris, or Book of the O'Maolconneries. O'Halloran must have had before him some other MS. more complete than any I have been able to examine, for he includes several episodes that I do not find in these MSS. Moreover, he states that Mac Liag ends his work with the abdication of Donnchadh in 1064, and doubts whether he could have lived so long. Mac Liag died in 1021, according to these Annals; in 1016, according to the Annals of Ulster. All the copies of the Leabhar Oiris I have seen end abruptly with the year 1027.
Hardiman published the two poems beginning Fada bheith gan aoibhneas ann and Uathmar an oidhche anocht in his Irish Minstrelsy, ii. pp. 202, 208; and he quotes several passages, §§ 33, 34, 35, 49, 50, and 51, in his Appendix, where he hesitates not to say that “no nation in Europe can produce so old and, at p.75 the same time, so pure and perfect a specimen of its vernacular dialect.”
The Leabhar Oiris is also mentioned by Charles O'Conor of Belanagar, in his Dissertations on the History of Ireland, p. 249. The very volume, indeed, from which our text is taken was once in his possession, as a few lines in his handwriting on page 302 testify.
The text here printed is preserved in one of the O'Reilly MSS. in the Royal Irish Academy, formerly classed as No. 13. 5, and now known as 23 E. 26. It is a paper folio of 361 numbered pages, with ten unnumbered pages inserted at the beginning, partly copied by Richard Tipper of Mitchelstown, in the parish of Castleknock, who has set his name as compiler (1717) on the title, and partly by the well-known scribe, John MacSolly, of Stackallen. The Leabhar Oiris occupies pages 194–207, and is in MacSolly's handwriting (date 1711). This seemed to me to present the best text. Other versions, more or less incomplete, are contained in the following MSS. I have examined most of them, and collated some. In no instance, however, have I given all the variants of a MS.
(2) The Seancha Muimhneach (pp. 240–275), transcribed by Tadhg O'Cronin in 1739, and preserved in the Royal Irish Academy, where it is classed as 23 N 30. This MS., referred to as M, runs closer to MacSolly's text than any of the others, and is, I think, next in importance.
(3) MS. 1287, p. 59 (formerly H 1 13), preserved in the library of Trinity College, Dublin, a paper folio transcribed in 1746 by Hugh O'Daly, and referred to here as D.
(4) MS. 1280, fol. 64 (formerly H 1 6), also in Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin, and transcribed by Hugh O'Daly in 1758, according to Cat., p. 285–a badly-written MS. It is here referred to as E.
(5) MS. 1296, p. 214 (formerly H 2 5), in Trinity College, Dublin, transcribed by Dermod O'Connor in 1712. At end of Leabhar Oiris another hand has written “Daniel O'Sullivan his book per me scriptum.” For description of contents, see Cat., p. 314, et seq. I have consulted this MS. occasionally. It is not so good as the preceding. It is designated in the readings as T.
(6) Egerton 105, in British Museum, fol. 296, a nineteenth-century MS., once in the possession of James Hardiman, who has inserted a list of the contents. See O'Grady's Catalogue, p. 25, where it is described as a copy of
p.76
John MacSolly's MS., from the original in the Royal Irish Academy. I have not been able to collate this MS.
(7) MS. 23. P. 13, eighteenth century, in the Royal Irish Academy, containing a fragment only (p. 93), § 33 to end, scribe's name not known. Hardiman attributes it to John Lloyd. I have denoted this MS. as P.
(8) MS. 23. G. 25 in Royal Irish Academy, also a fragment beginning “Ro fogradh”, § 47, and ending with § 53. Consulted occasionally, and denoted by G.
(9) MS. 23. M. 47 third part, p. 50, in Royal Irish Academy, also a fragment, beginning § 43, and ending with § 53, transcribed in 1776 by John O'Connell. Designated by Y.
(10) MS. 1289 (formerly H 1 15) in Trinity College, Dublin, known as the Psalter of Tara, and transcribed in 1745 by Tadhg O'Neachtain, contains a short account of the battle (p. 735). I have consulted it occasionally, referring to it as K. It is almost identical with another recension in MS. 1329 (H 3 10), p. 153, in Trinity College, Dublin, eighteenth century. Besides these, there is a number of romantic tales describing the Battle of Clontarf; they are enumerated in M. D'Arbois de Jubainville's Essai d'un Catalogue, p. 60. They are not so sober in colouring as the Leabhar Oiris, but are closely enough connected.
A version of the Battle of Clontarf, much the same as that printed here, appeared some years ago in the Gaelic Journal, vol. 7, 1896. This has been of service to me in preparing the present text. The MS. from which it was taken is not cited, however, and the Annals preceding and following the battle are omitted. Some episodes not contained in the Leabhar Oiris are given; for instance, the appearance of Aoibhinn, or Aoibhill, the banshee of the royal house of Munster, on the battle-field, along with Dunlang O'Hartagain, and the metrical dialogue which follows. An interesting account of this is contained in MS. 1289 (H 1 15), Trinity College, Dublin. It is noteworthy that Aoibhinn is not mentioned in the Leabhar Oiris, though reference is made to her in the Cogadh Gaedhel re Gallaibh (p. 201). I have not endeavoured to construct a perfectly uniform text. Wherever I have departed from MacSolly's MS., I have indicated his readings by MS. at the foot of the page, except the following changes, which I have made throughout:— 'i', 'in,' for 'a'; 'ea' for 'io' in such words as Éirionn, fichiod, 'ai' for 'ui', p.77 especially in dative plurals, such as fearuibh, &c.; rí, 'king,' in the nom. for rígh, omission of final '-dh' in such words as orradh, &c.; Maoilmhuaidh, Maoilsheachlainn, Murchadha, in gen. sg. for Maolmuadh, Maolseachlainn, Murchaidh; 'gc', 'dt' in eclipsis for cc, tt. Marks of length, which should, I think, always be used sparingly, have in many cases been omitted; on the other hand, I have occasionally supplied them. The aspiration of proper names in the genitive is carried out only sporadically by our scribe, and none of the MSS. are consistent. This is always a difficulty. As the editor of the Cath Cluana Tairbh in the Gaelic Journal truly observes: the rule that such aspiration should take place is an eccentricity. Here, then, I have nearly always followed the MS. I have added an index of names and places, which may be useful for reference, and inserted the dates from the principal Annals, FM., AU., &c. I must express my indebtedness to Dr. Kuno Meyer for many valuable suggestions; and also to Mr. J. O. Bergin, who very kindly read over the proofs with me.
Richard Irvine Best.
unknown
Edited by R. I. Best
- Ceithre bliadhna déag, is deimhin,
agus míle gan meabhail
ó do fhás liaigh d'ár g-cabhair
go bás Bhriain i m-Breaghaibh. - A ceathair déag míle mór
ó ghein Crísd, nachar chlódh cíall,
ar é sin is seaghdha an rann,
gur thuit ár na n-Gall um Bhrian. - Mo Cholm Óg, o théige thoir
an ghormfhód atá fod' throigh,
go dtí leat ar n-díth a shluaigh
ceann Chéin mic Maoil Mhuaidh mic Broin. - Inneósad mo theist ar Chian
mac Maoil Mhuaidh na n-eachradh n-dían:
Ní fhaca mé thíar nó thoir
a shamhail do shíol Éibhir. - Fada bheith gan aoinbhneas ann
mar nár shaoileas go bráth bheith,
mar do bhádus i g-Ceann Coradh caoimh,
níor bh'uamhan liom aon dom' chreich. - Dá maireadh Brian binne builg,
is Murchadh a luirg na long,
bhéinn-si i n-Innse an Ghoill Duibh,
ní mar a d-tíosaigh tuil is tonn. - Dá maireadh Conaing na g-cuan,
ormhuill sluagh, laoch nár lag!
fear mar é Eachtar na sluagh,
ní léigfeadh mé uadh i bh-fad. - 'S é do-bheir mé duilbhir, doirbh,
nocha g-cluinim tairm na d-triath;
níor bh'ionann is siubhal suairc
d'á ráinig ar cuairt go Cian p.96 - Do chuadhus go Cian An Chairn,
níor thriath gan tairm an tír theann,
ní raibh acht Brian na m-brat sróil,
triath budh chóir do chur 'n-a cheann. - Uathmar an oidhche anocht,
a chuideachta bhocht, gan bhréig!
crodh ní saoilti dhíbh ar dhuain
ar an d-taoibh-si thuaidh do'n Ghréig. - As é Dia fa deara dhúinn
gan ár súil re dúais na rann;
ró-mhór fuaramar d'a chionn,
baoghal liom a aithbhear thall! - Adhaigh dhamh-sa do fhios Bhriain,
is é ag fleadhachus ag Cian
mac Maoil Mhuaidh, fa fada lais
ar m-beith adhaigh 'n-a éagmais. p.97 - “Dia bhar m-breatha i bhus”, ar Cian,
“a chliar thig ó thigh Í Néill;”
“a éigis”, adeir an bhean,
“suaill nár thréigis do theach féin.” - “Ataoi trí ráithe amuigh,”
“acht a bh-fuil ó n-diu go Máirt,”
“as é sin,” ar Murchadh mac Briain,
“teachtaireacht an fhiaich ó'n airc.” - “Innis dúinn t'éadáil a thuaidh,”
ar árdrí shluaigh Chairn Í Néid.
“Innis do mhaithib bh-fear bh-Fáil,”
“luigh fam' láimh nach déanair bréig.” - Dar an rígh fil ós mo chionn,
as é thugus liom a thuaidh
fiche each, deich n-uinge d'ór,
is deich bh-fichid bó do bhuaibh. - “Do-bhéaram-ne an días so dhó,”
“ní sa mhó d'eachaibh 's do bhuaibh,”
“i n-éagmais a d-tiubhradh Brian,”
adubhairt Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh. - Dar an rígh do-rad mé i socht,
's do dhorchaigh anocht mo niamh,
fuarus a dheich n-oiread sain
ar an bh-fleidh sul do luidh Brian. - Seacht m-baile um chomhair d'a chraoibh,
Rí na Rígh dom-rad aniar,
agus leath-bhaile go síor
in gach port aga m-bíodh Brian. - Do-ráidh Murchadh deagh-mhac Bhriain,
ar n-a mhárach 's níor chiall uadh,
“oiread a bh-fuarais aréir,”
“do-ghéabha uaim féin 's ní ar t'fhuath.” - Ráith Ráithleann ráith Chuirc is Chéin,
truagh a Dhé mar atá anocht,
gér bh'iomdha giolla glan gaoth
do bhíodh taobh re taobh 'sa phort. - Créad fá sloinntear í ó'n triar,
Ráithleann agus Cian is Corc,
a lomadh má 's feirrde libh,
do-ghéantar liom sin gan locht. - Do ríoghadh i g-Caiseal chorr,
Corc mac Luighdheach na g-corn bh-fial;
cíos-cháin Mumhan dó d'a thigh
do-bheirthí sin ó'n tír thiar. - Do chinnsat Muimhnigh na sluagh
ar chomhairle, fa mór rath,
a rád uaibh re Corc na n-giall,
“druid siar i g-coinne na g-cath.” - Ráithleann buime Chuirc na n-giall,
bean Torna, dár ghiall gach dámh,
do-chuaidh lais na fuighlibh soir
do chan soin a n-dubhairt cách. - “Do-ghéan do chomhairle, a bhean”,
ar mac Luighdheach na bh-fleadh bh-fuar,
“dá bh-fágthar longphort fam' mhian”
“damh thiar i n-goire na sluagh”. - Do tocladh caiseal is ráith
le Muimhneachaibh, níor bháigh mhion,
i g-comhair Chuirc Chaisil chaoimh
do bhain a mhaoidh do gach fior. p.99 - Sul ráinig go Ráith na g-Cuach
naisgios Ráithleann luach ar Chorc,
an ráith d'ainmniughadh dhí féin,
cia tá ar ainm eile anocht. - Faomhus mac Luighdheach ann soin
do'n mhnaoi do oil é 'n-a dún,
Ráith Ráithleann do bheith d'a ghairm
go bráth mar ainm ar an múir. - Ríoghaid Muimhnigh d'a éis sin
Cian mac mheic Bhroin, dar bha shéimh,
is uime sin tar éis cháich
tugadh ar an ráith, Ráith Chéin. - Trí h-anmanna rátha Chuirc
do lomus duibh, ge bé fáth,
d'a éis as eadh thug mo shnuaidh,
gan mac Mhaoil Mhuaidh isan ráith. - Ráith Shaidhbhe inghine Bhriain,
diaidh i n-diaidh, agus Ráith Chéin,
ó do thuit siad leith ar leith,
truagh an bheatha bheith d'a n-éis. - Ráith na bh-Fileadh, Ráith na m-Ban,
dá ráith do char mac Mhaoil Mhuaidh,
gan acht a d-taisi d'a n-éis,
as é do-bheir mé gan snuaidh. - Ráith Chuain, an ráith úd thoir,
ollamh meic meic Bhroin, go m-báigh,
Ó Lothcháin, fa maith an t-saoi
do thigeadh gach laoi do'n ráith. - Ráith Chuilchín, crutaire an chnuic,
truagh mar do thuit tar éis cháich;
do b'aibhseach linn binne a mhéar
nó go n-deachaidh d'éag 'san ráith. p.100 - Dún Droighnéin, an dún-sa thuaidh,
Ó Fhéichín nár chruaidh re dáimh;
fosgadh a stuic mhúirnigh mhóir
do chluindís na slóigh 'san ráith. - Maolán is Mearagan Mór,
dhá óinmhid na slógh rom-chráidh,
fa meinic iad fare Cian,
fa h-anamh Cian 'n-a dhá ráith. - Ráith an Doirseora do-chím;
truagh mar bhím is mar atáim,
níor thig Dubhtach ar thigh mór,
is ní thigim-si do'n ráith. - Marthainn do chlann Eachach Chaoimh,
do'n druing fa mór aoibh is áigh,
fa h-iomdha giolla, creach, is giall
do-bheirdís go Cian do'n ráith. - Cinéal Laoghaire mheic Fhloinn,
marthainn do'n chlainn fa mór áigh,
do bhídis sin ag díol chliar
anuair nach bíodh Cian 'san ráith. - Is misi Mac Liag na n-each,
maith an bhreith mo bheith mar táim;
níor sum taithleach na n-each riamh,
an fad do bhí Cian 'san ráith. - Ráith Ráithleann an ráith úd thoir,
i m-bíodh mac mheic Bhroin go m-buaidh,
is iomdha ríoghradh dom' réir
i n-aimsir Chéin mic Mhaoil Mhuaidh. - Bóthar na g-Carbad so thuaidh,
go d-tigdís sluaigh Chlainne Cais,
um Chian mac Maoil Mhuaidh mic Bhroin,
nár fhill ariamh troigh tar ais. p.101 - Dún Shaidhbhe, an dún so thiar,
inghen sin do Bhrian ua Táil;
trí chéad bean do dhíoladh baird
do thigeadh le Saidhbh do'n ráith. - Áth na g-Creach, an t-áth-so thíos,
áth 'n-a n-déantaoi gníomh neach áigh,
trí chéad each le g-curthaoi srian,
do thigeadh le Cian do'n ráith. - Bóthar na Muilte so thíos,
thug sgís ar mhórán do mhnáibh,
ceathrachad miach go ma naoi,
do thigeadh gach laoi do'n ráith. - Is mé mac Giolla Caoimh cóir:
rachad do'n Róimh d'a d-tig cáich,
do choimhbhris mo chroidhe im' chliabh,
gan Cian do bheith isan ráith. - Dá g-cluindís cluasa meic Briain
an úall-so do-ghniad na sluaigh,
do bad iomnár leis budh dhéin
ionradh gach tréin is gach trúaigh.
LEABAR OIRIS AGUS ANNÁLA AR COGTHAIBH AGUS AR CATHAIBH ÉIREANN ANNSO SÍOS.
p.78CALANN anno domini sé bliadna seachtmhoghad ar naoi g-céad Maol Seachlainn mac Domhnaill do ghabháil ríghe h-Éireann.
Cogadh mór le Domhnall mac Faoláin rígh na n-Déise ⁊ le h-Iomhar Phuirt Láirge ar Brian Bóroimhe mac Cinnéidigh ⁊ ar Chian mac Maoil Mhuaidh, gur airgeadar ⁊ gur loisgeadar Corcach ⁊ urmhór Mumhan, do loisgeadar ⁊ do airgeadar, do h-ionarbadh Domhnall mac Faoláin ó Chluain Finnabhair go n-a dhuirtheach.
Rug Brian ⁊ Cian ⁊ maithe Mumhan orra, ⁊ thugadar dóibh a Fán Mic Caoinreach, gur ro mhuidh ar Ghallaibh, ⁊ gur leanadh iad go Port Láirge, go d-tugadar ár Gall, gur loisgeadh ⁊ gur h-ionradh a n-dún, ⁊ do h-ionarbadh Domhnall Ó bh-Faoláin a Mumhain amach.
Do ghabh Brian braighde Corcaighe ⁊ Leasa Móir ⁊ Imligh Iubhair ⁊ árd-cheall Mumhan uile ⁊ a tuatha, go nach congbhadaois gadaighi nó lucht éagcóra acht an mhéad do cheideóchadh dlighedh dóibh do chongbháil.
Sluagh bh-fear Mumhan le Brian ⁊ le Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh i n-Osraighe, dar gabhadh Giolla Pádraig mac Donnchadha rí Osraighe, go bh-fuair géill Osraighe uile ⁊ a réir féin, ⁊ go d-tángadar dá rígh Laighean i d-tigh Bhriain .i. Domhnall Claon ⁊ Maol Mórdha, go d-tugadar géill ⁊ braighde dhó.
Sluagh bh-Fear Mumhan le Brian ⁊ le Cian ar muir ⁊ ar tír go g-cobhlach Ó n-Eachach ⁊ Chorca Luighdhe ⁊ Phuirt Láirge ⁊ Chorcaighe ⁊ Dál g-Cais go Loch Dergdheirc, go raibh sé trí céad arthrach ann; go n-deachaidh ar sin tar Sionainn go Loch Raí, a shluagh ar tír, gur airgeadar Midhe go h-Uisneach, ⁊ Breifne tar Áth Liag suas. Do-chuaidh cuid do'n t-sluagh i g-Connachtaibh go n-dearnadar airgne ⁊ creacha móra, ⁊ gur mharbh siad Muirghis mac Conchobhair rí Connacht, Mac Cosgair rí Iarthair Connacht, ⁊ mórán daoine eile.
Sluagh oile la Brian ⁊ le Cian go ríoghraidh Mumhan umpa go Port Dá Chaomhóg i g-coinne Mhaoil Sheachlainn mic Domhnaill mic Donnchadha rígh Éireann, go n-dearnsat síth: a raibh do bhraighdibh Leithe Mogha ag Maol Seachlainn do thabhairt do Bhrian, ⁊ a raibh do bhraighdibh Leithe Cuinn ag Brian do thabhairt do Mhaol Seachlainn .i. cuid Mogha Núadhat d'Éirinn ag Brian, ⁊ cuid Cuinn ag Maol Seachlainn.
Ar n-éag Dhomhnaill Chláin, rígh Laighean, do bhádar Maol Mórdha mac Murchadha rí Laighean go Laighnibh ⁊ Gáill Átha Cliath go h-aimhriarach do Bhrian, go n-dearna Brian ⁊ Cian sluagh go bh-Fearaibh Mumhan umpa go Gleann Máma; Gaill Átha Cliath go Lochlannaibh, ⁊ Maol Mórdha mac Murchadha, rí Laighean, go Laighnibh 'n-a g-coinne; gur cuireadh cath Gleanna Máma eatorra, i n-ar tugadh ár Gall Éireann ⁊ Gaoidheal Laighean; ⁊ Maol Mórdha mac Murchadha do ghabháil ar n-a thabhairt do Mhurchadh mac Briain as an iubhar anuas; ⁊ do leanadh na Gaill go Baile Átha Cliath, ⁊ do h-airgeadh é idir dhaoinibh ⁊ mhaoinibh, ór ⁊ airgead; óir níor fhagbhadar Lochlannaigh naomh nó neimheadh nó ceall uasal nó uaimh nó oilén i n-Éirinn gan argain; ⁊ thug Brian ⁊ Cian ⁊ Muimhnigh uile an mhaith sin leó ar chúlaibh ar thiomáin iar marbhadh Arailt mic Amhlaoibh ⁊ Charolusa mic rígh Lochlann, ó n-abarthar cloidheamh Charolusa, ⁊ Chuiléin Eiginnáin, árd-mhaoir Lochlannach, ré callainn Ianair, ⁊ Brian ⁊ Fir Mumhan ar an g-callainn-sin a n-Áth Cliath.
Cóig catha fichead i n-ar tréighdeadh a thaobh féin do bhris Brian ar Ghallaibh ⁊ ar Ghaoidhealaibh i n-éagmais a n-dearnadh do ghreasuibh ⁊ d'ionnsaighthuibh; óir ní raibh i n-Éirinn aonmhac rígh nó taoisigh nach dearnadh síth le Lochlannaibh acht Brian Bóroimhe amháin.
Ro an Brian i Laighnibh ⁊ i Midhe ó nodlaig mhóir go fhéil Bríghde ag a n-ionnradh, go d-tug a n-géill leis, ⁊ gur loisg Caill Tomair do chonnadh, gur réidhigh bealaighi ⁊ daingne Laighean.
Ro élodh Amhlaoibh mac Amhlaoibh rí Ghall Éireann ó p.81 chath Ghlinne Máma as gach áird d'a chéile go h-Aodh Ó Néill, ⁊ ní bh-fuair a dhíon aige nó ag Eochaidh mac Ardghair, go d-torracht i g-cionn ráithe i d-teach Bhriain, go d-tug a réir do Bhrian ⁊ é féin i m-bith-dhílsi tré bhiotha síor; thug Brian urlámhus Átha Cliath dhó-san re n-a láimh.
Do léig Brian Maol Mórdha amach tar cheann braghad Laighean, ⁊ thug ríghe Laighean dó i n-aghaidh Dhonnchadha mic Domhnaill Chlaoin. Tháinig Brian iar sin d'a theach, ⁊ ar d-teacht dó i Mumhain do-rinneadar Leath Cuinn caisiol cloch tar Áth Luain, ar eagla go rachadís cobhlach Briain tar a n-ais.
Sluagh le Brian ⁊ le Cian ⁊ le Fearaibh Mumhan go h-Áth Luain, gur osgail siad an caisiol, ⁊ gur gabhadar braighde Mhaoil Shechlainn Mhóir ⁊ Connacht uile i n-aon-ló i n-Áth Luain.
Sluagh le Brian ⁊ le Cian ⁊ le Fearaibh Mumhan ⁊ Midhe um Mhaoil Seachlainn, ⁊ go Fearaibh Laighean ⁊ Connacht ⁊ Goill Átha Cliath ⁊ Phuirt Láirge, do ghabháil giall Uladh; go d-táinig Aodh mac Domhnaill í Néill rí Oilig ⁊ Eochaidh mac Ardghair rí Uladh, go d-tugsad cath Craoibhe Tulcha 'n-a g-coinne, go d-tug Brian cáirde bliadna dhóibh, do dhéanamh comhairle an cath do-bhéaridís uatha nó an braighde.
Cogadh mór idir Aodh mac Domhnaill í Néill ⁊ Eochaidh mac Ardghair go d-tugsad cath Craoibhe Tulcha, i n-ar marbhadh Eochaidh mac Ardghair go n-ár Uladh uime ⁊ Chinéil g-Conaill ⁊ d'ar thuit Aodh mac Domhnaill í Néill go n-ár Chinéil Eoghain ⁊ a bh-fuaradar do shochaidhe ar gach leith.
Sluagh go n-Gallaibh ⁊ go n-Gaoidhealaibh Éireann ó Shliabh Fuaid budh dheas le Brian go h-Árd Macha, go d-tug Brian fáinne óir i n-a raibh fiche unge i n-almsain ar altóir Árda Macha; ⁊ do-chuadar as-sin go Ráith Mhóir i Moigh Líne, go d-tugsad gialla Dháil n-Araidhe ⁊ Uladh leó.
Bás Eochaidh h-Í Fhlannagáin príomh-sheanchaidh Árda Macha ⁊ Éireann an bhliadhain-sin.
Brian go n-a Mhuimhneachaibh ⁊ Laighneachaibh ⁊ Connachtaibh ⁊ Midheachaibh ⁊ um Mhaol Seachlainn go n-Gallaibh Átha Cliath ⁊ Phuirt Láirge ⁊ Éireann uile tar Eas Ruaidh anonn, go d-tug géill Chinéil Eoghain ⁊ Uladh leis i Mumhain.
Sluagh le Brian go bh-fearaibh Éireann uime go h-Árd Macha go d-tug géill Uladh ar éigin ó Fhlaithbheartach h-Ua Néill.
Cathal Ó Conchubhair rí Connacht d'eag i n-a oilithre, iar d-tréigean an t-saoghail dó ar Dhia. Bás Mhaoil Sheachlainn Í Chearbhaill rígh Eoghanachta Locha Léin ⁊ príomhfháidh Éireann i n-Eachaidh Dhá Eo. Sluagh le Brian go Claonloch Sléibhe Fuaid go d-tug braighde Chinéil Eoghain ⁊ Chinéil g-Conaill ⁊ Uladh leis.
Sluagh le Murchadh mac Briain go bh-Fearaibh Mumhan ⁊ Laighean ⁊ go h-Íbh Néill an Deisceirt, ⁊ go bh-Flaithbheartach mac Muircheartaigh rígh Oiligh ⁊ go n-ógaibh an Fhocla, d'argan Chineoil Luighdheach ⁊ Chineoil Énda, go d-tugsad buair iomdha ⁊ broid leó as.
Sluagh le Brian go Maighin an Choruinn, go d-tug Maol Ruanaidh Ó Maoil Doraidh leis i m-braighdeanus go Ceann Coradh re n-a thoil féin.
Sluagh la Brian go Magh Murtheimhne, go d-tug braighde ó rígh Oiligh ⁊ ó Ultaibh, ⁊ gur fhágaibh dhá rígh ar Ultaibh; ⁊ is ar an sluagh-sin thug Brian ⁊ Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh ⁊ Maol Seachlainn go maithibh Leithe Cuinn saoirsi do cheallaibh Éireann go h-uile.
23. Callainn Anno Domini mxiii.
Sluagh la Mael Mórdha go Laighnibh ⁊ la Gallaibh Átha Cliath i Midhe, gur airg siad Tearmann Féichín ⁊ Magh Breagh.
Sluagh la Maol Seachlainn d'a dhíoghailt-sin i g-crích Gall, gur loisg go h-Éadair; go rug Sitrioc mac Amhlaoibh ⁊ Maol Mórdha mac Murchadha ar dhruing do'n t-sluagh gur marbhadh dá chéad díobh um Fhlann mac Maoil Sheachlainn. Táinig Maol Seachlainn go Brian d'a ghearán ris Gaill ⁊ Laighnigh do bheith i g-cogadh ris, ⁊ do iarr Brian d'a fhurtacht. Do-rinne Brian sluagh bh-Fear Mumhan d'fhoslongphort ar Ghallaibh ⁊ ar Laighnibh ⁊ d'airgeadar Osraighe; ⁊ do-chuaidh Murchadh mac Briain go Cill Mhaighneann ⁊ go faithche Átha Cliath, ⁊ do airg an tír go Tearmonn Caimín, ⁊ thugadar braighde móra ⁊ creacha iomdha i g-coinne Bhriain go Cill Mhaighneann ⁊ go faithche Átha Cliath. ⁊ do fhan Brian ⁊ Fir Mumhan ⁊ Fir Connacht i bh-foslongphort ó Lughnusadh go Nodlaig Mhóir, ⁊ ní bh-fuair cath nó braighde ó Ghallaibh nó ó Laighnibh.
Tháinig Brian iar sin d'a thigh. Do chuireadar Gaill ⁊ Laighin fios ⁊ teachta ar gach leith uatha do thinól sluagh ⁊ sochruide.
Tháinig annsin Brodar ⁊ Asgadhal, dá mhac rígh Lochlann, fiche céad laoch lán d'eideadh ó mhullach go lár; ⁊ Sitrioc mac Lodair, iarla Innse h-Orc, go sluagh Innsi h-Orc ⁊ Oileán Lochlannach, ⁊ Innse Cat, ⁊ Mhanainne, ⁊ Sgithi, ⁊ Leodhusa, ⁊ Chinn Tíre, ⁊ Oirir Gaoidheal, ⁊ Corrbhreathnaigh Chille Muine ⁊ Coir na Líagog gona ríoghaibh uile.
Tháinig chuca Carolus ⁊ Aibroc, dá fhionn-rígh Lochlannach, ⁊ Anradh mac Eibhric, ⁊ Plait ⁊ Conmhaol, dá thréan-mhílidh Lochlannach, ⁊ Asgal mac Gofraidh, rí Thíre an t-Sneachta, ⁊ Liath na Loingse, ⁊ Laochraidh Lochlann ó na Gaothlaighibh Meodheonacha, ⁊ ó Shléibhtibh Riffe go Baile Átha Cliath d'a reic féin ar ór ⁊ ar airgead, dochum catha i n-aghaidh Bhrian ⁊ shleachta Eoghain Mhoir ⁊ gacha mhéid do fhreagair iad d'Fhearaibh Éireann.
Tháinig i n-aghaidh Bhriain annsin Maol Mórdha mac Murchadha ⁊ ríoghraidh Éireann uime, trí catha .i. ar g-cur Bhriain amach do Mhaol Seachlainn Mhór an oidhche roimhe sin, ⁊ ar n-a innsin dóibh Dál g-Cais go d-trian shluaigh shleachta Eoghain Mhóir ⁊ Muimhneach ar cheann chreach Laighean, ⁊ Ó g-Cinnsealach, ⁊ do gheall féin go bh-fuigfeadh Brian ⁊ fiche céad leis do Mhuimhneachaibh, do sheachnadh i n-aghaidh Ghall ⁊ Laighean.
Ó 'dchualadar Gaill Brian do bheith ar faithche Átha Cliath i n-oireachtus, tángadar féin ⁊ Laighin seacht g-catha 'n-a g-coinne, ⁊ do roinneadar i d-trí rannaibh iad, mar atá Lochlannaigh ar leith um chloinn rígh Lochlann, ⁊ Laighnigh um Mhaol Mórdha mac Murchadha i g-cath eile, ⁊ Goill p.85 Átha Cliath leó féin i g-cath oile. Ar n-a bh-faicsin do Bhrian fa'n d-toichim-sin chuige, do roinn féin a shluagh i d-trí cotchaibh: mar atá, Murchadh mac Briain gona theaglach, seacht bh-fichit mac ríogh a líon sin; ⁊ Toirrdhealbhach mac Taidhg, ⁊ Domhnall mac Conchubhair, ⁊ Flann, ceithre meic oile Briain, ⁊ clann Duinn Chuain, Longbhrogan, ⁊ Céiliochair, ⁊ Ceannéidigh, ⁊ Fianghalach ⁊ Ionnrachtach go maithibh Dháil g-Cais uime agus Tuathmhumhan, ⁊ d-trí rígh Teabhta ⁊ Ó Laodhagháin, ⁊ Giolla Ultáin, ⁊ Ó Carthanáin, ⁊ Conmhaicne, ⁊ Í Bhriain i n-aghaidh chloinne rígh Lochlann, ⁊ Bhrodair iarla Chaire Ebroc, ⁊ Sitric mac Lodair iarla Innsi h-Orc.
Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh go maithibh Deasmhumhan ⁊ shleachta Eoghain Mhóir; ⁊ Domhnall mac Duibh Dá Bhoireann, rí Chinéil Laoghaire; ⁊ Mothla mac Faoláin, rí na n-Déise; ⁊ Muircheartach mac Anamchadha, rí Ó Liatháin; ⁊ Sganlan mac Cathail, rí Locha Léin; ⁊ Loingseach mac Dúnluing, rí Ó g-Conaill Ghabhra; ⁊ Cathal mac Donnabháin rí Ó g-Cairbre; Mac Beathaigh mic Muireadhaigh, rí Ciarraighe Lúachra; ⁊ Géibheannach mac Dubhagáin, rí bh-Fear Muighe; ⁊ Cearbhall, ⁊ Ó Ruadhagáin, ⁊ Ó Dubhghara, trí rígh Oirghíall; ⁊ Mag Uidhir rí bh-Fear Manach, ar n-a rádh dhóibh: ó's sinn féin cuideachta is faide budh thuaidh ann so d'Éirinn, rachamaoid i g-cath Chéin mic Maoil Mhuaidh, ó's é is faide budh dheas d'Éirinn, i n-aghaidh Mhaoil Mhórdha mic Murchadha, rígh Laighean, ⁊ Bhaodhain mic Dúnluing, rígh Ó g-Conaill Iarthair Laighean, ⁊ mic Tuathail rígh Liffe, ⁊ mic Brógáin báin-rígh Ó bh-Failghe, ⁊ cath do Lochlannaibh i n-a bh-farradh.
Cathal mac Conchubhair, rí Connacht; ⁊ Maol Ruanaidh h-Ó h-Eidhin, rí Aidhne; ⁊ Tadhg Ó Ceallaigh, rí Ó Maine; ⁊ Aodh Ó Flaithbheartaigh, rí Mhuinntire Mhurchadha; ⁊ Conchubhair Ó Maoil Ruanaidh, rí Muighe Luirg; ⁊ Muircheartach Ó Ceallaigh, rí Chonmhaicne Mara; ⁊ cuid do ríoghraidh Mumhan annsa chath-so .i. Aodh GuineachÓ Dúnghaile, ⁊ Fóghartach mac Domhnaill, dá rígh Eile; ⁊ Muircheartach mac Cuirc, rí Muscraighe Bhreoghain; ⁊ Aodh mac Lochlainn, rí Ó g-Cuanach; ⁊ Maol Rinn, rí Ó n-Énda; ⁊ Donnchadh mac Cathail, rí Muscraighe h-Aodha; ⁊ Domhnall mac Diarmoda, rí Chorca Baiscne; Eachtighearn mac Donnagáin, rí Aradh, i n-aghaidh Gall Átha Cliath, ⁊ dá chath oile Lochlannach 'n-a bh-farradh.
Do ionnsoigh Murchadh ⁊ Dál g-Cais ⁊ na Lochlannaigh a chéile; ⁊ do ionnsoigh Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh, ⁊ ríoghraidh deisceirt Mumhan, Maol Mhórdha mac Murchada go rioghraidh Laighean uime, ⁊ go g-cath oile do Ghallaibh uime; ⁊ do ionnsoigh Cathal mac Conchubhair, rí Connacht, ⁊ Tadhg Ó Ceallaigh Goill Átha Cliath gona g-cathaibh do Lochlannaibh maille riú; ⁊ arna rádh do Bhrian nach é deireadh do chuirfeadh leis an g-corghas, dul i g-cath do mharbhadh daoine, ⁊ do fhan ina phupaill féin, ⁊ a psaltair ina fhiadhnaise, ⁊ a chrosfhíghil ina láim chlí, ⁊ é ag cantainn a psalm ina fhiadhnaise. Do fhéach Murchadh d'a leith d'éis iarna sheachnadh do Mhaol Sheachlainn ⁊ d'Fhearaibh Midhe dul leis annsa chath, ⁊ iar g-cur ghuirt eotarra ⁊ an cath, ⁊ ar g-cur Bhriain ⁊ mhaithe Mumhan an oidhche roimhe sin amach do Lochlannaibh ⁊ do Laighnibh, ⁊ do-chonnairc Dunlaing Ó h-Artagáin uaidh, ⁊ do chuir fáilte fris, ⁊ thug póg dhó. “Is fada ó do-chonnarc thu, a Dhunlaing,” ar Murchadh. “Is beag an t-iongnadh sin.” ar Dunlaing, “óir do bhí beatha gan aois gan urchra, ⁊ neamh iar m-brath dhamh, muna d-tiucfainn p.87 dot' chabhair-se aniu ⁊ do chabhair Bhriain; ní tairbhe dhamh teacht, óir do-ghéabhair-si, ⁊ Brian, ⁊ Toirrdhealbhach do mhac-sa, ⁊ Tadhg Ó Ceallaigh, ⁊ Conaing mac Duinn Chuain, ⁊ mórán oile do mhaithibh Éireann archena, bás aniu; ⁊ do bheidís sgéala agam re a n-innsin dá madh am dhamh é; ⁊ ó nach eadh, dingeobhad an fear comhlainn céad is doilghe leat it' aghaidh dhíot”. “Truagh sin ámh,” ar Murchadh, “óir is iomdha sin im' aghaidh-si aniu”. Tharla Murchadh ⁊ Conmhaol ⁊ Carolus d'a chéile, gur ghoineadar a n-dís é do gach leith. Goineas ⁊ marbhus Murchadh iad-san araon. Do bhí an cath ag a chur mar sin feadh an laoi, nó gur mhuidh dona Gallaibh d'iarraidh a long, ⁊ Toirrdhealbhach mac Murchadha 'n-a n-diaidh; ⁊ is amhlaidh do bhí ar n-a mhárach, ⁊ Gall faoi ⁊ Gall gacha láimhe dhó, ⁊ cuaille do choradh Chluana Tarbh thrídh, ar n-a bháthadh do'n bhuinne rabhartha i g-cionn a chúig m-bliadhan n-déag.
Ó 'd-chonnairc Murchadh Sitric mac Lodair, iarla Innsi h-Orc, ar lár Dháil g-Cais ag a n-oirleach gan luadh teithe aige, do-ling ar lár an chatha chuige ⁊ thug dhá bhuille i n-éinfheacht de. Ó 'd-chonairc Anradh mac Eibhric ar lár Dhál g-Cais ag a n-oirleach, lingios chuighe, ⁊ ó nach raibh ar a chumus arm d'imirt, ar sgoltadh ladhra a ghlac do mhughdhorn a chloidhimh roimhe sin, síneas p.88 a lám chlí ⁊ croitheas a lúireach tar a cheann amach; glacus a chloidheamh ⁊ é faoi, ⁊ lingidh a uchtar, ó nár bh'eidir leis a bhúaladh gur sháith thríd go talamh é. Tairngios an t-Anradh-sin sgian Murchadha amach, ⁊ sáitheas i n-íochtar a chuirp í, gur thuit an cathmhílidh Murchadh ar a mhuin; ⁊ éirghios Murchadh ⁊ dícheannus mac rígh Lochlann ann sin, ⁊ do mhair féin go n-déarna a fhaoisidin ar n-a mhárach, ⁊ gur chaith corp Críosd, do mheabhaidh a dhruim isan n-gaisgeadh do'n aon-ghoin-sin a tugadh ar Murchadh, óir níor fhág sé píast nó beathadach i loch nó i n-uaimh i n-Éirinn gan díochur nó gan marbhadh.
Ó 'd-chonnairc Laidín giolla Briain na catha ar n-dul trí n-a chéile, adubhairt re Brian dul ar each. “Ní rachad”, ar Brian, “óir ní beó rachad as, agus imthigh-si ⁊ beir na h-eich leat, ⁊ innis mo thiomna-sa do Dhia, do Phádraig, ⁊ mo chorp d'Árd Macha, ⁊ mo bheannacht do Dhonnchadh mac Briain; tar cheann dá fhichit déag bó do thabhairt d'Árd Macha le mo chorp, ⁊ imthigh-si romhad go Sord Choluim Cille anocht, ⁊ tagaid ar cheann mo chuirp-si amárach, ⁊ tionnlacaid é go Damhliag Cianáin, ⁊ tionnlacaid sin go Lughmhaigh é, ⁊ tigeadh Maol Muire mac Eochaidh comharba Phádraig ⁊ muinntir Árda Macha ar mo cheann go nuige sin”.
“Daoine chugainn,” ar an giolla, “Créad an seort daoine iad?” ar Brian. “Daoine glasa lomnochta”, ar an giolla. “Goill 'na lúireach iad sin,” ar Brian; ⁊ ar éirghe do'n pheall do bhí faoi, do ghlac a chloidheamh ⁊ di bhí ag féachain Bhrodair gona bhuidhin chuige, ⁊ ní faca aon bhall de gan éideadh acht a shúile ⁊ a chosa. Bainidh-san a chloidheamh amach, ⁊ tógbhus a lám, ⁊ thug buille dhó gur bhain a chos chlí do Bhrodar ag a ghlún, ⁊ a chor dheas ag a throigh. Tharla tuagh Bhrodair i g-ceann Bhriain gur dhluig é. Thug p.89 Brian buille eile, ⁊ marbhus an dara fear do bhí i bh-fochair Bhrodair, ⁊ bainidh a cheann do Bhrodar féin ar aonuair, ⁊ fuair féin bás ann sin.
Mór an sgéal-sin do-rinneadh annsin, Brian do mharbhadh .i. an ceathramadh gein sochair Éireann riamh, Brian ar Lochlannachaibh do mharbhadh ⁊ d'ionarbadh, ⁊ ar an n-daoirsi do bhí aca orra do chur dhíobh, ⁊ Lughadh Lámhfhada ar Fhomórchaibh do mharbhadh ⁊ d'ionarbadh ⁊ ar an n-daoirsi i rabhadar Éireannaigh aca do chur dhíobh, ⁊ Fionn mac Cumhaill d'fhóirithin bh-fear n-Éireann .i. iar d-teacht do bhó-ár nó do bhó-dhíth chuca i n-aimsir Chormaic mic Airt, go n-ar fágbhadh do bhuaibh i n-Éirinn acht aon t-samhuisg i n-Gleann Samhuisge, nó go d-tug Fionn seacht m-ba ⁊ tarbh ó chríochaibh an domhain mhóir do gach aon-bhaile i n-Éirinn, ⁊ Eoghan Mór .i. Mogh Nuadhat mac Mogha Néid do shábháil bh-fear n-Éireann ó'n n-gorta.
Ar d-tuitim Briain iar m-beith dhá bhliadhain déag i n-áirdríghe Éireann, ⁊ Mhurchadha mic Bhriain, an t-aon-mhac ríogh is fearr tháinig i n-Éirinn riamh, a mhic Thoirrdhealbhach mic Murchadha, an fear chúig m-bliadhna déag budh fearr lamh ina aimsir, ⁊ Thaidhg Í Cheallaigh, rígh Ó Maine, ⁊ Chonaing mic Duinn Chuain, ⁊ Dhomhnaill mic Eibhir, ⁊ Mhothla mic Dhomhnaill mic Faoláin, rígh na n-Déise, ⁊ Ghéibheannaigh mic Dubhagáin, rígh bh-Fear Muighe, ⁊ Mic Bheathaidh mic Muireadhaigh, rígh Ciaraidhe, ⁊ Sganláin mic Cathail, rígh Eoghanachta Locha Léin, ⁊ Loingseach mic Dúnlaing mic Duibh Dá Bhoireann, ⁊ Dhomhnaill mic Diarmoda, rígh Chorcha Bhaisginn, ⁊ Mhaoil Ruanaidh Í h-Eidhinn, rígh Aidhne, ⁊ mhóráin do mhaithibh Éireann nach áirmhimaoid annso.
Torchair do'n leith eile do'n chath Maol Mórdha mac Murchadha, rí Laighean, ⁊ Brogharbán mac Conchubhair, rí Ó bh-Failghe, ⁊ Baodhán mac Dúnlaing, rí Iarthair Liffe, ⁊ aon chéad déag ⁊ fiche do Laighnibh maille riu. Do marbhadh do Lochlannaibh ann Conmhaol ⁊ Carolus ⁊ Anradh mac Elbric, trí meic rígh Lochlann, ⁊ Sitric mac Lodair, iarla Innsi h-Orc, ⁊ Brodar Caire Aibhroc, Plaid ⁊ Conmhaol, dá chathmhilidh Lochlannach, ⁊ Oitir Dubh, ⁊ Gilla Ciaráin mac Glúin Iarainn, ⁊ Grisin, ⁊ Lumín, ⁊ Suagair, ⁊ Amhlaobh mac Laighmainn, ⁊ Dubhghall mac Amhlaoibh, ⁊ Cuarán, ⁊ seacht ⁊ trí fichid céad do Ghallaibh umpa, ⁊ do leanadh an mhaidm orra go dorus an dúnaidh.
Do iompoighdar Fir Mumhan ⁊ Connacht gach ar mhair dhíobh ameasg an chatha, ⁊ do bhádhar ameasg a g-carad, ag iarraidh a g-coirp; ⁊ ar é comhairle do-rinne Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh ⁊ Tadhg mac Briain, dul go Cill Mhaighneann an oidhche-sin, ⁊ gach méad dob' inleighis d'a muinntir rugadar leó iad. Tángadar muinntir Shuird ar n-a mhárach ⁊ rugadar corp Bhriain ⁊ Mhurchadha go Sord, ⁊ assin go Damhliag Ciaráin, ⁊ do thionnlacadar muinntir Damhliag go Lughmhaigh iad, ⁊ tháinig Maol Muire mac Eochaidh, comharba Pádraig, go muinntir Árda Macha ar cionn na g-corp-sin go Lughmhaigh ⁊ do ionnlacadar Brian, rí Éireann, ⁊ Ochtifin Iustiat na n-Gaoidheal, ⁊ impire Éireann ⁊ Alban ⁊ Bhreatan ⁊ Shaxon ⁊ coda do'n Fhraingc, iar m-beith dhó seacht m-bliadhna deag ar fhichit i ríghe Mumhan, ⁊ dá bhliadhain déag i ríghe h-Éireann, do'n taoibh thiar-thuaidh do theampoll Árda Macha, i g-cómhraidh eile ar leith.
Dá oidhche dhéag do shámhadh Phádraig ag faire na g-corp-sin go n-iomnaibh ⁊ salmaibh ⁊ canticibh. Ceithre bliadhna déag ⁊ míle gusan Aoine-sin i n-ar marbhadh Brian p.91 ⁊ Murchadh, annála an Tighearna fa mar dhearbhus an rann:
Do bhádar Fir Midhe ag fiafraighe tuarusgabhála chatha Chluana Tarbh do Mhaol Sheachlainn. “Ní h-urusa sin d'innsin nó d'aithris,” ar sé, “acht muna d-tíosadh aingeal Dé do nimh d'a innsin: óir do chuamair-ne,” ar sé, “⁊ do chuireamar gort treabhtha ⁊ cladh eadrainn ⁊ iad, ⁊ an ghaoth earraigh thairibh chugainn: ⁊ ní faide nó feadh leath-uaire do bhámar annsin, an tan nach d-tiubhradh neach do'n dá chath aithne ar a chéile, gé go madh é a athair nó a dhearbhráthair ba chomhfhogus dó, muna d-tugadh ara ghuth nó a fhios do bheith aige roimhe sin an t-ionadh i n-a m-biadh, ar n-a líonadh idir aghaidh ⁊ cheann ⁊ fholt ⁊ éadach do bhraonghoil na fola for-dheirge tháinig chugainn; ⁊ go madh eanghnamh dob' áil dúinn do dhéanamh, ní fhéadfamaois; óir do ceangladh ar n-airm ós ar g-ceannaibh do na foltaibh fada fionnbhuidhe do-ráinig chugainn, arna d-teasgadh d'armaibh an chatha, gur bho leath monair dhúinn bheith ag réidhiughadh ar n-arm ⁊ ar g-crannghoile ó chéile; ⁊ is beag ai ar mhó d'eangnamh p.92 do'n mhuinntir do bhí i san g-cath fulang a fhaicsiona gan dul ar fainneall nó ar foluamain: ⁊ do bhádar ag cur an chatha ó thráth éirghe do'n ló go h-iarnóin, ⁊ go rug an mhuir a longa uatha ar d-teacht do'n lán mara fútha.”
Tháinig Donnchadh mac Briain go g-creachaibh Laighean leis ar gach áird i rabhadar dia Sathairn .i. oidhche chásga, go Cill Mhaighneann, mar a raibh Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh, ⁊ Tadhg Ó Briain go n-ar therno as an g-cath, idir shlán ⁊ othrus d'Fhearaibh Mumhan ⁊ Éireann ar cheana as sin. Do imthigh siad ar na mhárach go Mullach Maistean, ⁊ do íoc Donnchadh an dá fhichit déag bó, mar adubhairt Brian ris, re muinntir Árda Macha. Longphort ar leith do bhí ag Donnchadh mac Briain ⁊ ag Tadhg mac Briain i Ráith Maistean go n-ar mhair do Dhál g-Cais, ⁊ longphort oile ag Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh go maithibh shleachta Eoghain Mhóir ⁊ Ó n-Eachach an oidhche sin.
Ar n-éirghe do'n ló ar na mhárach do chuir Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh teachta uadh dochum chloinne Briain d'iarraidh braighde orra, ⁊ adubhairt go raibh féin ag Brian, ag a n-athair-sean, ⁊ gurbh' áil lais iad-san do bheith aige féin, óir fa sine é nó gach fear dhíobh, ⁊ ro badh sine Eoghan Mór nó Cormac Cas a sinnsear-san. Adubhairt Donnchadh mac Briain nach d'a n-deóin do bhí sin ag Brian, acht an ríghe do bhuain ar éigin d'a athair ⁊ de féin agus nach d-tiubhradh righe nó braighde do Chian, dá m-biadh comhlíon sluaigh ris, óir ní raibh Donnchadh acht deich g-céad, ⁊ do bhí Cian deich g-céad fichead.
Ó' d-chonnairc Domhnall mac Duibh Dá Bhoireann, Donnchadh mac Briain ag faomachtain braighde do Chian, do fhiafraigh féin de, cá sochar do bhiadh dhó féin braighde d'fhághail dó-san ó Dhál g-Cais. Adubhairt Cian nach roinnfeadh braighde nó ríghe rision, acht a chuid fineachuis féin do bheith aige d'Íbh Eachach. Adubhairt Domhnall nach fuigheadh olc ag p.93 tabhach braighde nó ríghe dhó-san. Adubhairt Cian go madh h-éigean dó teacht óna thigh do ghabháil ríghe leis. “As í an éigean fhuileongmaoid,” ar Domhnall, ag dealughadh re Cian gona mhuinntir.
Ó 'd-chonnairc Donnchadh mac Briain sin, do éirigh as a longphort ⁊ do thógaibh a lucht othruis lais, ⁊ do ghluais leó do thairgsin d'a leighis; ⁊ ag gabháil tré Osraighe dhó, do iarr Mac Giolla Phádraig cath nó braighde air. “Ní thiubhar braighde, óir ní chuala go d-tug aon-duine d'á d-táinig romham riamh braighde nó ríghe d'aon-duine d'á d-táinig romhad-sa, ⁊ ní mó do-bhéar fé.”
Do ullmhuigh Donnchadh mac Briain é féin do fhreasdal catha do thabhairt do Mac Giolla Phádraig, ⁊ do fhuráladar an lucht othrais iad féin do cheangal i n-a seasamh chum an chatha, ⁊ do loc Mac Giolla Phádraig cath do thabhairt dóibh. Iar sin fuaradar mórán do'n lucht othrais bás an feadh do bhádar ag fuireach ris an g-cath. “Níor bh'iongnadh le méad a sluaigh ar n-géill do Chian mac Maoil Mhuaidh” ar Donnchadh mac Briain, “⁊ ro iongnadh ar n-géill d'Osraighe.” Ro imthigh Donnchadh iar sin d'a thigh, ó nach fuair cath ó Osraighibh, ⁊ fuaradar ocht bh-fichit d'a mhuinntir bás ris an bh-feadh sin uile.
Iomthúsa Chéin mic Maoil Mhuaidh, ó 'd-chonnairc Domhnall mac Duibh Dá Bhoireann ag dealughadh ris, ⁊ deirge ina ghruaidh, ⁊ fíoch feirge fair, do léig Clann Bhriain ⁊ Dhál g-Cais seacha, ⁊ tháinig roimhe d'á thoigh, ⁊ do fhogair cath ar Dhomhnall mac Duibh Dá Boireann. Do ollmhuigheadar teacht dochum an chatha do ghach leith go Magh Guilidhe. An lá roimhe an g-cath do ghabhadar cuid do ghiolladhaibh Chéin trí Cheann Eich, ⁊ do ibheadar bainne do bhí ag teacht go saor Mho Cholmóg naomh; ⁊ ní dhearna Cian comhairle le Mo Cholmóg nó muinnterdhus; ⁊ ní mar sin do-rinne Domhnall mac Duibh Dá Bhoireann, acht tháinig go Mo Cholmóg ⁊ do rinne p.94 umhla dhó, ⁊ do ghluais uaidh chum an chatha; d'a n-dubhradh an rann:
Do-chuadar i g-coinne a chéile go Magh Guilidhe, ⁊ tugadh cath eatorra inar marbhadh Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh ⁊ Cathal ⁊ Raghallach, a dhías dearbhráthar, triúr mac Mhaoil Mhuaidh mic Broin, go n-ár deisceirt Mumhan eatorra; ⁊ do badh mór an sgéal sin, Cian mac Maoil Mhuaidh do mharbhadh re Domhnall mac Duibh Dá Bhoireann, óir ní raibh i n-Éirinn ina aimsir féin neach budh fearr eineach ⁊ uaisle nó an Cian-sin. Is mar adubhairt Mac Coisi, ag tabhairt tuarasgbhála shleachta Éibhir Fhinn ós áird do Mhaoil Sheachlainn, rígh Éireann, ar n-diultadh an t-saoghail dó féin, ⁊ é i g-Cluain Mac Nóis 'n-a chomhnaidhe, gan dul tar crosaibh Chluana amach:
Agus mar adubhairt Mac Liag, ag rochtai dó go Ceann Coradh, iar g-cuairt ó Shionainn budh dheas: “Cia d'ar bhuidhe thú a ollaimh?” ar Brian. “Do Dhomhnall mac Duibh Dá Boireann,” ar Mac Liag. “An bh-facais Cian nó Saidhbh a bhean?” ar Brian. “Do-chonnarc”, ar Mac Liag. “An bh-fuarais aon-raod uatha?” ar Brian. “Inneósad duit”, ar Mac Liag. “Ar rochtain damh-sa ar faithche Rátha Ráithleann, do h-innseadh do Chian ⁊ do Shaidhbh mo theacht-sa do'n bhaile; do éirgheadar araon im' choinne i n-éin-fheacht, ⁊ do h-iomchradh mé ar muin daoine, ⁊ an deichneamhar ⁊ dá fhichid do bhuidhin do bhí im' fhochair, do-rugadh anonn 'san dún p.95 iad, ⁊ tugadh beart nua do gach aon díobh, idir shlabhradh ⁊ léine ⁊ bhrat; ⁊ thug Cian a dheise féin, idir each ⁊ éadach ⁊ bhrataigh gona dhealg óir, ⁊ gona naoi g-cornaibh do losaibh óir, gona loing ⁊ gona brannuibh déad, ⁊ naoi bh-fichid bó damh féin, ⁊ deich n-eich, ⁊ dá fhichid dom' chléir; ⁊ deich g-céad unga d'ór, ⁊ caoga fail dom' chléir mar an g-céadna.”
“Créad fuarais ó mhac Duibh Dá Bhoireann?” ar Brian. “Fuarus crios ⁊ teine creasa.” “Is iongnadh,” ar Brian, “gur bhuidhe thu-sa do Dhomhnall nó do Chian mar sin”. “Ní h-iongnadh,” ar Mac Liag; “óir do budh dheacra le Domhnall an crios ⁊ an teine chreasa do thabhairt uaidh nó le Cian a n-dubhart-sa ó chianaibh”. Amhail adeir Mac Liag féin, ⁊ é 'na sheanóir i n-Innsi an Ghoill Duibh iar m-bás Bhriain ⁊ Mhurchadha ⁊ Chéin, ⁊ é ag cuimhniughadh orra. Ag so mar adeir:
Agus fa mar adubhairt Mac Giolla Chaoimh ar d-teacht ó Aodh Ó Néill, iar m-beith trí ráithe i g-cóigeadh Uladh i bh-fochair Aodha Í Néill, go d-táinig go toigh Chéin mic Maoil Mhuaidh; ⁊ do bhí Brian mac Cinnéidigh isan bhaile ar a cheann; ⁊ do chuir Brian fáilte re Mac Giolla Chaoimh, ⁊ adubhairt gur ró fhada do bhí i n-éagmais; ⁊ do fhiafraigh dhe, créadh fuair ó Aodh Ó Néill. “Fuarus deich bh-fichid bó ⁊ deich n-eich, ⁊ naoi n-uinge d'ór, ⁊ deisi Aodha Í Néill.” “Do-bhéar-sa ⁊ Sadhbh, inghean Bhriain, ní sa mhó nó sin duit,” ar Cian, “sul chodhlam, i n-éagmais a d-tiubhradh Brian ⁊ Murchadh ⁊ maithe Ó n-Eachach ó sin amach.” Amhail do chuimhnigh Mac Giolla Chaoimh féin, ⁊ é ar an thaoibh thuaidh do'n Ghréig, ag dul dó go Sruth Órthannáin, ⁊ as sin d'iarraidh Parrthais, i n-a n-dubhairt, ag cuimhniughadh ar Bhrian ⁊ ar Mhurchadh ⁊ ar Chian:
Agus ní raibh Ráith Ráithleann aon-lá riamh gan ocht bh-fichit déag miach mhine do theacht innte, mar adubhairt an Giolla Caoimh céadna, ⁊ é ag triall oilithri do'n domhan mhór. Ag so mar adubhairt:
Bás Chéin ⁊ Bhriain ⁊ Mhurchadha i n-aon-bhliadhain amháin i g-cath Chluana Tarbh ⁊ i g-cath Mhuighe Guilidhe. Ar g-clos do Dhonnchadh mac Briain, Cian do mharbhadh do Dhomhnall mac Duibh Dá Bhoireann, táinig féin sluagh do neartughadh le Mathghamhain mac Céin, gur marbhadh leis Cathal mac Céin mic Duibh Dá Bhoireann.
Teagmháil idir dhá mhac Bhriain .i. Donnchadh ⁊ Tadhg, i n-ar marbhadh Ó Donnagáin, rí Aradh. Cairbre mac Cléirchín, rí Ua g-Cairbre do mharbhadh i bh-feill ó Maol Choluim Caoinridheach.
Sluagh le Donnchadh mac Briain ⁊ le Tadhg mac Briain do neartughadh le Mathghamhain mac Céin dar marbhadh Domhnall mac Duibh Dá Bhoireann le Mathghamhain i n-díoghail a athar.
Sluagh le h-Ua Ruairc gur ionradh Magh n-Aoi, ⁊ gur marbhadh Donnchadh mac Cathail, ⁊ go rugadar gialla Connacht leó.
Bás Anmchadha ríogh Ó Liatháin ó Mhathghamhna mac Céin mic Maoil Mhuaidh. Dunghal Ó Donnchadha rí Eoghanachta Locha Léin for chreich go Gréin Cliach, go ro marbhadh lais Fionn mac Ruadraighe Í Donnagáin, rí Aradh. Flaithbheartach Ó Néill le Maol Seachlainn mac Domhnaill i Laighnibh, gur ro airg siad an tír go Leithglinn, ⁊ gur ro marbhadh rí Ua m-Buidhe.
Sluagh la Maol Seachlainn ⁊ le h-Ua Néill ⁊ le h-Ua Maol Doraidh go h-Áth Cliath, gur loisgeadh a raibh do thighthibh ó dhún amach ann, ⁊ go ro n-deachadar i n-Íbh g-Cinnsealaigh, ⁊ gur ro airg siad iad, gur ro tharrus creach d'a chreachadh, ⁊ gur ro marbhadh Conghalach mac Conchubhair Í Failghe, rí Connacht, ⁊ Giolla Coluim Ó h-Aodha, rí Teabhtha.
Sluagh eile le Maol Seachlainn ⁊ le h-Ua Néill ⁊ le h-Ua Maol Doraidh go h-Áth Cliath, gur ghabhsat gialla Laighean, ⁊ go d-tugsad a righe do DhonN Chuan mac Dubhluing. Cill Dara ⁊ Glean Da Locha ⁊ Cluain Ioráird ⁊ Sord Coluim Cille ⁊ Árd Macha do loisgeadh. Fras chruithneachta do fhearthain i Magh Airgead Rois.
Callann anno Domini míle ⁊ 20 bliadhna, Maol Seachlainn mac Domhnaill áirdrí Éireann ocht m-bliadhna i ríghe Teamhra iar m-Brian go bh-fuair bás i g-Croinnis Locha h-Ainninne.
Domhnall mac Duibh Dá Bhoireann do mharbhadh do Mhathghamhain mac Céin mic Maoil Mhuaidh ⁊ do Dhonnchadh mac Briain. Mac Líag árd-ollam Éireann d'fhághail bháis. Bás Aongusa mac Carrtha Chalma anno Domini 1021.
Domhnall mac Catharnaigh d'Íbh Chaisin do bhualadh do Dhonnchadh mac Briain do chloidheamh i m-bun ordóige ⁊ a láime deisi, gur bhain de í, ⁊ gur marbhadh é féin 'n-a éiric.
Tadhg mac Briain do mharbhadh d'Eilib arna furáliomh d'a bhráthair féin orra fealladh air, d'a n-dubhradh an rann:
Mac Domhnaill mic Duibh Dá Bhoireann do dhalladh len-a mhuinntir féin. Eirach an duibh-neóil írchra.
Anno Domini M 22 Ugaire mac Dúnlaing rí Laighean ⁊ Maol Mórdha mac Lorcáin rí Ó g-Cinnsealaigh ⁊ a mhac do mharbadh do Dhonn Shléibhe mac Maoil Mhórdha, ⁊ é féin do mharbhadh do Laighnibh i n-éiric sin.
Dunghal Ó Donnchadha rí Chaisil d'iontogha ó'n t-saoghal go Corcaigh i n-oilithre. Cuan .i. Ó Lothcháin árd-fhile ⁊ seanchaidh Céin mic Maoil Mhuaidh do mharbhadh i n-a éiric, ar n-a bhraith do bhalad an t-sionnaigh.
Anno Domini míle ⁊ 26, Dunghal Ó Donnchadha, rí Chaisil, d'eag i g-Corcaigh ar n-diultadh an t-saoghail dó an bhliadhain roimhe i n-oilithreach.
Anno Domini míle ⁊ 27 sluagh le Donnchadh mac Briain gur ghabh géill bh-Fear Midhe ⁊ Bhreagh, ⁊ go n-deachaidh iarsin go h-Áth Cliath, ⁊ go n-dearna coinmheadh i n-Áth Cliath ó dhomhnach inide go céadaoin an bhraith, ionnus nach raibh aon-teach i n-Áth Cliath gan coinmheadh, ⁊ Donnchadh féin annsa soilear mór mic Amhlaoibh. Naoi g-céad táinig ó Áth Cliath go Laighnibh ar n-gabháil gialla le chéile go Ceann Coradh.
Sluagh le Donnchadh mac Briain i g-Ceann Coradh go n-deachaidh leó i g-Connachtaibh go Cruacháin, gur tugadh géill Connachta dhó ann. Mathghamhain mac Céin mic Maoil Mhuaidh, p.104 rí na Naoi bh-Fonn, ⁊ Maol Seachlainn God rí Midhe d'fhaghail bháis anno Domini míle 28.
Maol Ruanaidh Ó Maoil Doraidh, rí Tuaisgeirt Chinéil Chonaill, do dhiultadh do'n t-saoghal ⁊ a dhol go Clúain Fearta Breanuinn, ⁊ ar sin go h-Í Choluim Cille. Tadhg mac Giolla Phádraig do dhul i n-Íbh Muireadhaigh gur gabhadh mac Muireadhaigh, go d-tug gabhála móra lais.
Sluagh la Donnchadh mac Briain d'a dhíoghailt sin go Mac Giolla Phádraig d'a d-tug creacha móra ⁊ braighde iomhdha lais; rugadar cuid d'a mhuinntir ⁊ do h-imreadh dochar luirg orra le Mac Craith Ó Donnchadha, do bhí fa sgaoil fa rígh h-Ua n-Giolla Phádraig ⁊ le Mac Giolla Phádraig féin, gur marbhadh mac Gadhra mic Dúnaghaidh, rí Ó Maine, agus Maol Seachlainn mac Conchubhair, rí Corca M'ruadh, ⁊ Cian mac Cuiléin, rí Ua g-Conaill Gabhra, ⁊ Domhnall mac Seanchuin, ⁊ Eoghan mac Cuirc, ⁊ Conall mac Éigeartaigh gona dhís bhráthair.
FINIT.
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Title (uniform): The Leabhar Oiris
Author: unknown
Editor: R. I. Best
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Electronic edition compiled by: Philip Irwin and Donnchadh Ó Corráin
Funded by: University College Cork and Professor Marianne McDonald via the CELT Project, formerly CURIA.
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3. Third draft, with editorial introduction.
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Proof corrections by: Philip Irwin, Bart Jaski, Seosamh Mac Muirí, and Donnchadh Ó Corráin
Extent: 11225 words
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Publisher: CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts: a project of University College Cork
Address: College Road, Cork, Ireland—http://www.ucc.ie/celt
Date: 1998
Date: 2010
Date: 2011
Distributor: CELT online at University College, Cork, Ireland.
CELT document ID: G100029
Availability: Available with prior consent of the CELT programme for purposes of academic research and teaching only.
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Manuscript sources
- Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 756 pp. 194–207 (alias 23 E 26, olim O'Reilly, 13.5), scribes Richard Tipper and John MacSolly; 18th century; for a description see Kathleen Mulchrone, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the Royal Irish Academy fasc. 19 (Dublin 1936) 2327–35.
- Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 485, pp. 240–75 (alias 23 N 30 alias An seanchaidhe Muimhneach), scribe Tadhg Ó Cróinín; transcribed in Cork in 1739; for a description see Gerard Murphy, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the Royal Irish Academy fasc. 11, 1297–1300.
- Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1287, pp. 59–85 (alias H. 1. 13), scribe Hugh O'Daly; transcribed in 1758; for a description of the MS see T. K. Abbott and E. J. Gwynn, Catalogue of the Irish manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College Dublin (Dublin 1921) 40–44.
- Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1280, folio 64 (alias H. 1. 6), scribe Hugh O'Daly; transcribed in 1758; for a description of the MS see T. K. Abbott and E. J. Gwynn, Catalogue of the Irish manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College Dublin (Dublin 1921) 13–15, 331.
- Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1296, pp. 214–32 (alias H. 2. 5), scribe Dermod O'Connor; transcribed in 1712; for a description of the MS see T. K. Abbott and E. J. Gwynn, Catalogue of the Irish manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College Dublin (Dublin 1921) 70–74.
- London, British Library, Egerton 105, folio 296; for a description of the manuscript, see Standish H. O'Grady, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the British Museum [now British Library] (London 1926, repr. Dublin 1992) 23–27.
- Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 689, p. 93 (alias 23 P 13), text fragmentary; 18th century; for a description see Kathleen Mulchrone, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the Royal Irish Academy fasc. 17, 2114.
- Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 258 (alias 23 G 25), text fragmentary, scribes Mícheál Óg Ó Longáin and Peadar Ó Longáin; 19th century; for a description see Kathleen Mulchrone, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the Royal Irish Academy fasc. 6, 713–28.
- Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 973, section 3, p. 50 (alias 23 M 47), scribe Seághan Ó Conuill; transcribed 1776; text fragmentary; for a description see Kathleen Mulchrone, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the Royal Irish Academy, fasc. 22, 2791–99.
- Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1289 (alias H. 1. 15, alias "The Psalter of Cashel"), scribe Tadhg Ó Neachtain; transcribed in 1745; for a description of the MS see T. K. Abbott and E. J. Gwynn, Catalogue of the Irish manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College Dublin (Dublin 1921) 50–60.
- Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1329, p. 153 (alias H. 3. 10), scribe Maurice Gorman; 18th century; for a description of the MS see T. K. Abbott and E. J. Gwynn, Catalogue of the Irish manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College Dublin (Dublin 1921) 122.
Editions
- R. I. Best, The Leabhar Oiris, Ériu 1 (1904) 74–112.
- Eoin MacNeill, Cath Cluan Tairbh, Gaelic Journal 7 (1896) 8–11, 41–44, 55–57; and Cian mac Maolmhuaidh, ibid. 67–71. This is a different text. The annals preceding and following the battle of Clontarf are omitted and there are some episodes not in this text of Leabhar Oiris. Some episodes are close to Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1289 (alias H. 1. 15, alias "The Psalter of Cashel" (mentioned above).
Sources, comment on the text, and secondary literature
- Charles O'Conor of Belanagare, Dissertations on the History of Ireland (Dublin 1753; 1766).
- Edward O'Reilly, A Chronological Account of Nearly Four Hundred Irish Writers (...) with a descriptive catalogue (...) (Dublin: Iberno-Celtic Society 1820).
- James Hardiman, Irish Minstrelsy, or, Bardic remains of Ireland, with English poetical translations (London 1831).
- Eugene O'Curry, Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish. Vol. 1–3 (London 1873).
- Henri d'Arbois de Jubainville, Essai d'un catalogue de la littérature épique d'Irlande (Paris 1883) 60 (a listing of some of the MSS in which this text and related materials occur).
- Albertus Johannes Goedheer, Irish and Norse traditions about the Battle of Clontarf (Haarlem 1938).
- Colm Ó Lochlainn, Poets on the battle of Clontarf, Éigse 3 (1941–42) 208–18, 4 (1943–44) 33–47.
- John Ryan, 'The battle of Clontarf', in: Gerard Anthony Hayes-McCoy (ed), The Irish at war (Cork 1964).
- Donnchadh Ó Corráin, 'Brian Boru and the battle of Clontarf', in: Liam De Paor (ed), Milestones in Irish history (Cork 1986).
- Michael Chesnutt, 'Caith Maige Tuiread–a parable of the Battle of Clontarf', in: Séamas Ó Catháin (ed), Northern lights: following folklore in north-western Europe: Essays in honour of Bo Almqvist (Dublin 2001) 22–33.
- Clare Downham, 'The Battle of Clontarf in Irish history and legend', History Ireland 13:5 (2005) 19–23.
- Meidhbhín Ní Úrdail, 'Annála Inse Faithleann an ochtú céad déag agus Cath Chluain Tarbh (The eighteenth century Annals of Inisfallen and the Battle of Clontarf)', Eighteenth-century Ireland: Iris an dá chultúr 20 (2005) 104–119.
- Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Brian Boru: Ireland's greatest king? (Stroud 2007).
- Meidhbhín Ní Úrdail, Cath Cluana Tarbh: The Battle of Clontarf; Irish Texts Society Main Series, vol. 64) (London 2011).
The edition used in the electronic edition
‘The Leabhar Oiris’ (1904). In: Ériu 1. Ed. by R. I. Best, pp. 74–112.
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@article{G100029,
editor = {R. I. Best},
title = {The Leabhar Oiris},
journal = {Ériu},
volume = {1},
address = {Dublin},
publisher = {Royal Irish Academy},
date = {1904},
pages = {74–112}
}
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The present text represents pages 74–104 of the published edition. The editorial introduction is included. All indexes and commentary have been omitted. Variant readings have not been cited in the present electronic edition. Editorial corrigenda are incorporated as supplied text.
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Creation: By one or more unknown author(s) drawing on materials relating to the years AD 976–1028, compiled in an Irish monastic scriptorium. 976–1500
Language usage
- Over 99% of the text is in early Modern Irish. (ga)
- Less than 1% is in Latin. (la)
- The introduction is in English. (en)
Keywords: histor; prose; annals; medieval; Battle of Clontarf
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(Most recent first)
- 2011-12-12: Introduction (on pages 74–77) scanned; proofed (1); encoded and added; file parsed; additions made to bibliographical details; new wordcount made; new SGML and HTML versions created. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
- 2010-04-29: Conversion script run; header updated; new wordcount made; file parsed. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
- 2008-09-27: Keywords added; file validated. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
- 2005-08-25: Normalised language codes and edited langUsage for XML conversion (ed. Julianne Nyhan)
- 2005-08-04T15:26:53+0100: Converted to XML (ed. Peter Flynn)
- 1998-01-05: Revision of in-depth markup. Insertion of enumerative lineation in verse texts. Revision and extension of the header. (ed. Donnchadh Ó Corráin)
- 1996-05-31: Structural and content markup inserted. (ed. Philip Irwin)
- 1996-01-19: Checking and proofing text. (ed. Seosamh Mac Muirí)
- 1994: Checking and proofing text. (ed. Bart Jaski)
- 1994: Data capture. (ed. Bart Jaski)