CELT document G105007

The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, commonly called O'Kelly's Country

 p.1

Introductory Remarks

The following account of the families and customs of Hy-Many is printed from the Book of Lecan, fol. 90 to 92, exactly as it stands in the original, excepting only that the contractions are not retained, and such grammatical marks are introduced as were deemed necessary to render the language intelligible to an Irish scholar not familiar with MS. abbreviations. The Book of Lecan was compiled from various other MSS. for Gilla Iosa More Mac Firbis, chief historian of the O'Dowds of Tireragh, in the county of Sligo, about the year 1418; but the work has been already so well described by O'Reilly, in his Irish Writers (vol. i. of the Transactions of the Iberno-Celtic Society), that it is not necessary to give any detailed description of it in this place.

Whether the tract on the customs of Hy-Many was originally composed at the period of the compilation of the Book of Lecan, or transcribed from an older MS., we are not at present able to decide satisfactorily, as no other copy of it has been discovered, but it is highly probable that it was transcribed, and perhaps abridged, from some MS. belonging to the territory of Hy-Many. The Book of Hy-Many, supposed to contain various tracts relating to the territory, is still in existence, and is believed to be in the possession of a private collector in England; it is, however, inaccessible to the Editor, who p.2 is therefore unable to say, whether the tract, now for the first time printed, is to be found in that MS. or not; but if we may judge from the account of its contents published by O'Reilly (ubi supra, p. 122), we should be led to conclude that the book of Hy-Many does not contain this tract, and hence it may fairly be doubted whether a second copy of it is now extant, The Rev. Patrick Mac Loughlin, in his abstract of the Book of Lecan, states, that this is the most curious tract in that volume.

As none of our writers has yet described the boundaries of the famous territory of Hy-Many, or given any detailed account of its history, it will be necessary here to point out its limits, and to give a brief outline of the principal historical events with which it is connected. Denis H. Kelly, Esq. of Castle Kelly, has kindly sent the Editor the following account of the extent of Hy-Many, which is worth preserving, though far from being perfect: “Between the reigns of Colla Uais, 130th monarch of Ireland, A. D. 327, and that of Coelbad, 132nd monarch, A. D. 357, Maine the Great, the son of Imchad, and grandson of Donald, who was the son of Achy Ferdaghiall, obtained Imania in the south of Connaught and county of Galway, which his posterity greatly enlarged and extended beyond the river Suck to the Shannon, through the county of Roscommon. This territory of Imania was variously called Hymanny, Imanny, Ithmania, Mainech, Ivemaine, Hymaine, Omaine, Omanny, or Uimaine, and appears from various authorities to have consisted of the southern part of what is now called the county of Roscommon, and the northern part of the county of Galway. What its exact extent was cannot now be positively ascertained; but from the various family estates at present belonging, and those which are well known formerly to have belonged, to persons of the name of Kelly or O'Kelly, in that particular part of the kingdom, as well as from the different old castles which popular tradition and historical records point out as having been built by, or in the possession of the O'Kellys, there is good reason to suppose that it extended over the barony of Athlone, in the county of Roscommon, and the baronies of Ballymoe, Tiaquin, Killian, and p.3 Kilconnell, in the county of Galway; and this conjecture is strengthened by an old pedigree in the possession of the Rev. A. Kelly, of Castle Kelly, the present head of the name, compiled by that learned antiquarian, Charles O'Conor, Esq., of Belanagare, which, in its account of the family, between the years 1393 and 1423, mentions the barony of Tiaquin, as the appanage of one younger son; the barony of Kilconnell, as that of another; the barony of Athlone, as that of a third; and the lands of Rahera, as that of a fourth, and which styles the eldest son by the second wife as Teige More of Cruffon, a name by which the peasantry still designate a large district in the county of Galway, long celebrated for its coarse linen manufacture, containing the barony of Killian and a large part of Ballymoe.”

“Among the castles built by the O'Kellys, and which are all situated in this district, are those of Moate, near Roscommon; Galy, on the borders of the Shannon, near Knockcroghery; Athleague, Corbeg, and Skryne, in the county Roscommon, and Garbally, Aughrim, Monivea, Gallagh, Mullaghmore, Moy-lough, and Aghrane, now Castle Kelly, in the county of Galway. The Abbey of Kilconnell was also reconstructed by William O'Kelly, and Knockmoy, Clonmacnoise, and Clontuskert, experienced the liberality of the chiefs of Hy-maine. Sir Richard Cox, in his explanatory index to his History of Ireland, has the word 'Imanya;' to which is added as explanation, “O'Kelly's country, in the counties of Galway and Roscommon; the O'Kellys were kings of this country.” In Ware's Antiquities, Hymaine is mentioned as “a territory in the county of Galway, bordering on the county of Roscommon, and at times extended by conquest into it, usually called Mainech, the O'Daly's country and the O'Kellys.” In the Pacata Hibernia, we find “that the parliament army retreating from Munster, passed vaguely through the county of Galway, until they came to the Kellys' country, where they were fought withal by Sir Thomas Burke, the Earl of Clanricarde's brother and Sir Thomas Maltby, who were more in number than the rebels;” and Camden, in his Brittannia, treating of the county of Roscommon, mentions: “More southward lies Athlone, the barony of the O'Kellys.” From these authorities the above conjecture assumes considerable probability, and Hymaine appears entitled to a respectable situation among the petty sovereignties of Ireland.”

“Hy-Maine” signifies “Maine's territory”; “Hy” or “I” being the plural of “Ua” or “O”, a grandson, and is frequently prefixed to the name of any remarkable progenitor  p.4 of a family, as well to particularize the family as the lands they possess. In a note to the word O'Kelly, in the Memoirs of Charles O'Conor, Esq., of Belanagare, are the following words: “Antiquissima haec familia originem ducit ab Imchado Regulo Iathmainiae, cujus posteri ab ipsius pro nepote Maino magno assumpserunt nomen Iathmainiae seu Hymainy, quod praedia Mainiae significat, atque ab eo descendentes usque ad Thaddaeum de Tailtionn, cujus tempore Angli invaserunt Hiberniam, Iathmainiae Reguli nuncupati sunt, et multa habuerunt privilegia a regibus Connaciae. Possidebant tertiam partem omnium praedarum et naufragiorum, necnon fodinarum auri et argenti et mettallorum, pluraque alia quae in antiquis Chronicis nominantur.”

O'Halloran, in his Introduction to the History and Antiquities of Ireland, says, “the M'Dermotts were hereditary marshalls to the kings of Connaught, and the O'Kellys hereditary treasurers;” and in the commencement of the pedigree now in the possession of the Rev. A. Kelly, compiled by Charles O'Conor, Esq., of Belanagare, it is stated: “The illustrious family of Hymanny, who, since the reception of surnames in the eleventh century, took the name of O'Kelly, had a territory in Connaught of about 200 square miles, extending through the county of Galway, and the southern part of Roscommon, as far as the river Shannon.””

But fortunately we are not left to guess at the extent of this ancient territory, for its exact boundaries are given in a vellum MS. preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin (H. 3. 18. p. 412). And as this short but important document appears to have been unknown to all our writers, and has never been published, I shall transcribe it, word for word as it stands in the original, dispensing with the contractions as usual. It will show that Hy-Many originally extended from Clontuskert, near Lanesborough, in the county of Roscommon, southwards, to the boundary of Thomond or the county of Clare, and from Athlone, westwards, to Seefin and Athenry, in the present county of Galway.

Criochairecht O Maine.Secht tricha, secht tuatha, secht m-baile, secht leath-bhaile. O Cluain Tuaiscert p.5 na Sinna co h-Aireanach; ó Aireanach co Rinn Duin; ó Rinn Duin co Rinn Cleatchair; ó Rinn Cleathchair co Ath Luain; ó Ath Luain co Snamh dá Én; ó Snamh dá Én co Ath Crocha; ó Ath Crocha co Lusmhagh; ó Lusmhagh Deirgdeirc; ó Deirgdheirc co Gréin; ó Gréin co Suidhe Finn; ó Suidhe Finn co Ath na Riogh; ó Ath na Riog co Umnaig; ó Umnaig co Ath in Saluin; ó Ath in Saluin co Tir Mic Tréna; o sin co h-Escir Alaing; o tha sin co h-Ath Mogha; o tha sin co Sidh Neannta; o tha sin co teit 'sa Sinainn arís.

Boundaries of Hy-Many. “It contains seven cantreds, seven tuathas, seven townlands, seven half townlands. Its boundary extends from Cluain Tuaiscert 1 na Sinna to Aireanach; 2 from Aireanach to Rinn Duin; 3 from Rinn Duin to Rinn Cleathchair; 4 from Rinn Cleathchair to Ath-Luain; 5 from Ath-Luain to Snamh da en; 6 from Snamh da en to Ath Crocha; 7 from Ath Crocha to Lusmagh; 8 from Lusmagh to Deirgdeirc; 9 from Deirgdeirc to Grian; 10 from Grian to Suidhe Finn; 11 from p.6 Suidhe Finn to Ath na riogh; 12 from Ath na riogh to Umnaigh; from Umnaigh 13 to Ath an saluin; 14 Ath an saluin to Tir Mhic Trena; 15 from thence to Escir Alaing; 16 from thence to Ath Mogha; 17 from thence to Sidh Neannta; 18 and thence to the Shannon again.”

The same boundaries are given in a short poem preserved in another vellum MS. in the Library of Trinity College: but as this poem gives only one additional name, viz. Magh Muaidh, which is the plain near Knockmoy Abbey, it is not inserted here, to avoid the unnecessary repetition of what has been already given in prose.

The most conspicuous of the same boundaries are also mentioned in a MS. poem in the same library, addressed to William, son of Donogh, p.7 who was son of Conor O'Kelly, on the occasion of his having invited all the poets, minstrels, and other professors of art in Ireland, to his house, in the year 1457. In this poem it is stated, that William, the son of Duvessa (his mother), had got possession of the entire territory of Hy-Many, extending, according to its well known boundaries, from Grian to Caraidh.

That he recovered such parts of the principality of his ancestors as had been wrested from them by adventurers, and that he even took possession of some portions of the territories of his neighbours; that the three celebrated fords called Ath na Riogh, 19 Ath Luain, 20, and Ath-liag, 21 were included in his principality, and that his lands were bounded by the great lakes of Loch High, and Loch Dergdherc; and also that the great plain of Maonmhagh [Moinmoy], the ancient patrimony of the Clanna Moirne, which had been in the occupation of strangers till William grew up, was again restored to the Hy-Many, and divided among their septs.

It is also stated in a poem addressed to Eoghan O'Madden, chief of Sil Anmchadha, contained in a fragment of the Book of Hy-Many, preserved in the Library of Trinity College (H. 2. 7. p. 190), that Uaran, now Oran, in the county of Roscommon, Lusmagh in the now King's county, and even Lough Greine, now in the north of the county of Clare, were a part of Hy-Many; and it is stated in a second poem, preserved in the same MS., addressed to the same chieftain, that Hy-Many extended from Grian to Caraidh, and included Dun Imghain, now Dunamon, Inis Clothrann in Lough Ree, and Inis Cealltra in Lough Dergdherc.

To give any thing like the history of Hy-Many would far exceed p.8 the limits which the Editor intends for this preface, and the reader must rest satisfied with a brief account of the first formation of the principality by Maine Mor, the ancestor of all the Hy-Many, and a list of the successive chiefs from Maine Mor, as they are given in a poem addressed to Eoghan O'Madden, who died in 1347.

The most authentic and most circumstantial account of the first settlement of Maine Mor, ancestor of all the Hy-Maine, and his people, in this territory, is preserved in the Life of St. Grellan, the patron of this tribe, who flourished in the fifth century, a paper copy 22 of which is preserved in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy. In this Life, it is stated, that this part of the province of Connaught was in the possession of the Firbolgs in the time of St. Patrick and St. Grellan, and that the latter was assigned a place called Achadh Fionnabhrach, by Duach Gallach, king of Connaught, where the saint built a church before Maine Mor arrived in Connaught. I shall present the reader with the whole account of the settlement of Maine and his people in this district, as contained in this work. After giving a detailed account of the baptism of Eoghan Sriabh, the son of Duach Gallach, king of Connaught, and of a miracle performed by St. Grellan, the biographer proceeds as follows: “Do berthar an baile seo, ina n-dearnadh an miorbuile si do, .i. Achadh Fionnurach a ainm conuigi sin, agus Craobh Ghreallain a ainm o sin a leith, o'n craoibh sheilbhe thucc Duach agus Padraicc p.9 do Ghreallan ann, agus ro orduic cios do'n maicchleireach, .i. seacht m-bruit o gach bainrioghain; agus ar n-orducchadh na cana, do iarr coruidheacht Phadraicc fris in chios chanadh sin do; agus tuccadh iar sin.

Agus as a h-aithle sin do luidh Greallan a d-trian uachtarach an chuiccidh sin, go raibhi acc siubhal an tire, agus nir oiris a mheanma for inadh dar imgidh no go rainic Macch Seincheineoil, baile a raibhi Cian d'Fearaibh Bolg, ri an tire, agus airiseas i g-ceand an erlaimh for an ionadh sin, .i. Cill Cluaine a ainm.

As i sin aimsir in ar iomraidhedar aicme Colla da Chríoch teacht a h-Oirgiallaibh, agus ar eadh a dubhradar: Is lionmhar ar laochraidh, agus as ádhbhal ar n-oireacht, agus a ta ár n-aicme ar n-iomdugadh, agus ní bh-fhuiccheam ionad a n-aon chuicceadh uile gan fás easccairdis ettruinn, oir ni maith fhuilngid na h-uaisle a g-cúmhgach; agus a dubradar, 'Feucham cia an chuicceadh ina teirce daoine do'n Bhanba, agus ina lia d'Fhearaibh Bolcc, agus cumhgaidhiom orra é. Ata cuigeadh Chonnacht acc na h-Aithigh Tuathaibh, acht cios uathoibh diar m-brathair-ne, agus ionsaighiom é.' agus as iad ro chan an comhrádh so, .i. Máine Mor, o sloinntior na sluaicch, agus Eochaidh Fear da ghiall, a athair, ag a rabhadar geill Uladh agus Oirghiall a n-aoinfheacht.

Do ghluaisiodar na glan-shluaigh sin go h-obann, arrachta, 'na g-catha coirighthe, co na d-taintib agus tredaib, o Chlochar mac Daimhin go Druim Clasach, ris a n-abarthar Tir Maine, itir Loch Ri agus Suca. Ro airgeadar an tír, agus ro chuirsiod teachta uatha go Cian, .i. tigerna an tire, go Mag Seinchineoil, agus ro innisiodar aicme Cholla dá Chrioch do bheith acc cuinge cíosa agus criche fair; agus ro h-eaglaigheadh Cian ris na h-iomráitibh sin. Ro thinoil a throm shluaicch, agus ro b'é a lion, .i. deic cet ar fichit, ac a raibi scciath, agus cloideamh, agus cathbarr, amhail atbert an rann:

  1. Aoin-fhear as gach lios amach,
    as eadh do ticceadh le Cian
    a Macch Seinchineoil, ní breucc,
    deich cét ar trichad cet scciath.

“The place where this miracle was wrought, i.e. Achadh Fionnabhrach by name, was granted to St. Grellan, but it has been ever since called Craobh Greallain, i.e. the branch of Grellan, from the branch which king Duach and St. Patrick presented to St. Grellan, in token of possession. And the king also ordered, that seven garments should be given from every chieftain's wife, as a tribute to the young cleric; and when this tribute was ordained, St. Grellan asked the guarantee of St. Patrick for the payment of it, which was agreed to.”

“After this St. Grellan proceeded to the upper third of that province, and continued to traverse the country; but his attention was not fixed on any place over which he had passed, till he cae to Magh Seincheineoil, of which Cian, who was of the Firbolgic race, was king, who waited on the saint at the place where he was then staying, since called Cill Cluaine. 23

“It was at this period the race of Colla da Chrioch meditated to migrate from Oirghialla, and they said: “Numerous are our heroes and great is our population, our tribe having multiplied, and we cannot all find room in any one province without quarrelling among ourselves, for nobles cannot well bear to be confined;” and they also said: “Let us see which province of Banba is thinnest in population, and in which most Firbolgs remain; and let us narrow it on them. The province  p.10 of Connaught is in the possession of these Attacots, excepting that they pay tribute to our relative, and let us attack it.” Those who held this conversation were Maine Mor, from whom the hosts of Hy-many are named, and Eochaidh Ferdaghiall, his father, who had the hostages of Ulidia and Oirghialla together.”

“These fine hosts suddenly and heroically proceeded in well arranged battalions, with their flocks and herds, from Clochar Mac Daimhin 24 to Druim Clasach, which is called Tir-Many, situated between Loch Ri 25 and the river Suca [Suck]. They plundered the country, and despatched messengers to Cian, lord of the country, to Magh Seincheineoil, and they told him that the descendants of Colla da Chrioch had come to demand tribute and territory from him. And Cian was terrified by these sayings. He assembled his great forces, and their number was thirty hundred, who bore shield and sword and helmet, as the rann states: p.11

  1. One man out of every fort
    is what went forth with Cian,
    In Magh Seincheineoil,—no falsehood,—
    ten hundred and thirty hundred shields.

“Agus ro b'e fad agus leathad an mhuighe, .i. ó Dhun na Riocch go h-Abhainn Bairrchinn, agus o Ath n-Fasdoicc go h-Ath n-Dearg Duin, re n-abarthar Ath an Chorrdhoire; agus nir fhan Cian do'n ruathar sin, no go rainic go h-iomurlar Thire Maine, agus no thinóilsiod an fheadhan dob' uaisle díobh dá n-ionnsaiccheadh ann sin; agus so thabhacht do Greallan sin, .i. sliocht Colla da Chrioch do bheith is in guasacht sin, agus no ghluais go tinniosnach dia d-teasarccain, agus as ann ro oiriseadar an dá fheadhain, agus ro choiscc a g-ceannfhairrcce, agus ro shnaidhm sith etorra, agus ro ordaicch tri n-aonmhuir o na h-uaislibh a laimh Cein fria chomhal sin. Agus Amhalgaidh, mac Maine Moir, as é fa h-uaisle do na h-eitiribh sin, agus tuccadh a laimh rachtaire Chein é. Agus gradhaigios bean an rachtaire e, agus ar na aithne sin do'n rachtaire líonas lonus agus mioscais na bráicche é, treas an mnaoi, agus téid mar a raibhi Cian, agus cuireas faoi milleadh na m-bracchadh gan fhuireach a n-aon oidhche. Agus do bhí ionad coinne ar na mhárach acc Cian co n-a shochraide ar Macch Seimhni, .i. n-imiol Muighe Seinchineoil, re h-Echaidh agus re Maine, agus re beccan do mhaithibh a muintire; agus ro chumadar go raibhi fleadh acc Cian ina comhair, agus ni h-eadh ro baoi acht feall; agus tarfas do Greallan an comhairle sin, oir as é fein do budh cor etorra, agus as é ionadh a raibhi Eochaidh agus Maine a m-bun a m-Bearrnaicch na n-Arm a n-ucht Maenmuighe, re n-abarthar an Seisidh Beacc.”

“And the length and breadth of the plain was from Dun na riogh to the river of Bairrchinn, and from Ath n-Fasdoig to Ath Dearg-duin, which is now called Ath an Chorrdhoire; and Cian delayed not on this occasion until he had reached the plain of Tir-Maine, and the noblest tribes among the race of Colla came to meet them there; and it was shown to St. Grellan how the race of Colla Da Chrioch were in this peril; and the saint came speedily to protect them, and he repressed both parties, and checked their animosity, and ratified a peace between them, and ordered that three times nine persons out of their nobility should be given into the hands of Cian, as pledges to observe this peace. Amhalgaidh, the son of Maine, was the noblest of these hostages, and he was delivered into the hands of Cian's lawgiver. And the wife of the lawgiver fell in love with him, which when the lawgiver had observed, he was filled with jealousy, and hatred of the prisoner, on account of the wife; and he went to where Cian was, and induced him to kill the hostages without delay in one night. On the day following, Cian and his forces had a conference at Magh Seimhni, on the confines of Magh Seincheineoil, with Eochaidh and Maine, and a few of the chiefs of their people; and it was pretended that Cian had a feast prepared for them, but he had not but treachery. This design was made known to St. Grellan, who was the guarantee between them. At this time Eochaidh and Maine were at the foot of Bearnach na n-arm in Maenmagh, now called Seisidh beag.”

 p.12

“O 't-chonairc Greallan o dhorus a reclera na h-armo con mor shochraide sin, sinidh an da dhóid do chum an Duileamhain, iar n-a imdhearccadh ar eagla a slánaiccheachta do mhilleadh, agus fuair a itghe ó Dia, gur boccadh an magh mor sin fo chosaib Chéin co n-a mhuintir, go n-dearnadh cuthaidhe agus criathrach de, gur sluicceadh Cian co n-a mhuinntir tres na feartaibh sin: conadh Mag Liac ainm an mhuighe sin ó dhoilgios na laochraidhe d'a n-dioghbail do'n naomh-chléireach. Tainic Maine co n-a mhuinntirr a bail a raibh Greallán, agus ro chromadar na cinn do, agus ro inis doibh mar do fhealladh orra, agus mar do shaer Dia agus é féin iad ar lucht an fhill. At-bert Greallan friu; “tabhruídh-si an tír si, agus fuathaídh an feall, agus biaidh mo bheannacht-sa accaibh, agus coimhéadaigh bár m-braithrios, agus orduiccídh mo cháein agus mo dhligh féin dam-sa ó niodh go brath.” “Beir-si féin,” bar Maine, “an bhreath bhus áil dhuit.” “Berad,” bar eisiomh, agus at-bert Greallan an athchumair si sios.” p.13

  1. Mor mo chain ar cloinn Maine,
    sgreaball gacha h-aon bhaile,
    a ratha bhíos go ro-ghlan, réidh;
    ní cíos gan adhbhar éiséin.
  2. Céd ghin gacha cloinne dhamh,
    dhá m-baisder liom do bunadh,
    a cíos chugam as cíos cruaidh,
    gach céd arc is gac céd uan.
  3. Liom, go madh liaiti a n-eallach,
    ó chloinn Maine an céd shearrach,
    tionnlaicid a cíos dom' cill,
    i n-éccmais criche is fearuinn.
  4. Dál n-Druithne ní dhlicchim de,
    cíos no freaccradha oile,
    do cluintear go teand a n-dál;
    ni leam Muintir Maeilfhinnáin.
  5. Na Maineach ó sin amach,
    liom a g-cáin is a g-cabhach,
    Dínaid mo cheall da coimhde,
    liom a g-ceann sa g-coimheircce.
  6. A m-buadh 's a n-geasa sin,
    me do ordaigh gan ainimh.
    An feadh ra bhuid do mo reir,
    buaidh gach catha is a cathréim.
  7. Dénuid na gradha garcca,
    comairle mo chomharba,
    I measg Gaoidheal tuaith is teas,
    is riar h-aoinfhir gan aimhleas.
  8. Taithaidh mo chill crédmhigh,
    do ainic gach n-ainéccidh
    na h-eurat a cain dam-sa,
    do ghébhut mar gheallam-sa.
  9. Mo bheannacht ar an sliocht seang,
    ar chloinn Maine na bh-fithcheall,
    ní bladhfidear for an chloinn,
    acht go roisiot mo bhachall.
  10. Meircce catha na cloinne
    mo bhacall go fír-thoicche,
    nocho n-eatfaid catha a g-clodh,
    beud a ratha go ró-mhór.

  11. Mor, &c.

“When St. Grellan had, from the door of his church, perceived these arms, and these great hosts, he raised his two hands to God, being apprehensive that his guarantee would be violated, and he obtained his request from God, for the great plain was softened and made a quagmire under the feet of Cian and his people, so that they were swallowed into the earth; and the place received the name of Magh Liach, i.e. the plain of sorrow, from the sorrow of the heroes, who were thus cut off by the holy cleric. Then Maine and his people came to where St. Grellan was, and bowed down their heads to him, and he told them how treachery had been designed for them, and how God and himself had saved them from those treacherous people. 26 St. Grellan then said to them, “take possession of this territory, abominate treachery, and you shall have my blessing; observe brotherly love, and ordain my tribute and my own law for me from this day out for ever.” “Pass thy own award,” said Maine, “in whatever is pleasing to thee.” “I will,” said St. Grellan, and he repeated these brief verses following:”

  1. Great is my tribute on the race of Maine,
    a screaball scruple out of every townland,
    Their successes shall be bright and easy;
    it is not a tribute acquired without cause.
  2. The first born of every family to me,
    that are all baptized by me,
    Their tribute paid to me is a severe tribute,
    every firstling pig and firstling lamb.
  3. To me belongs—may their cattle thence be the more numerous;—
    from the race of Maine, the firstling foal,
    Let them convey their tributes to my church,
    besides territory and land.
  4. From Dal Druithne I am not entitled to
    tribute or other demands,
    Their fame is much heard of;
    the Muinntir Maeilfinnain belong not to me.
  5. Of all the Hy-Many, these excepted,
    the tributes and rents are mine,
    Let them protect my church for its God.
    Their chief and his subjects are mine.
  6. Their success and injunctions
    it was I that ordained, without defect.
    While they remain obedient to my will,
    they shall be victorious in every battle.
  7. Let the warlike chiefs observe
    the advice of my successor,
    And among the Gaels north and south,
    their's shall be the unerring director.
  8. Frequent my sacred church
    which has protected each refugee,
    Refuse not to pay your tribute to me,
    and you shall receive as I have promised.
  9. My blessing on the agile race,
    the sons of Maine of chess-boards,
    That race shall not be subdued,
    so as they carry my crozier.
  10.  p.14
  11. Let the battle standard of the race
    be my crozier of true value,
    And battles will not overwhelm them,
    their successes shall be very great.

  12. Great, &c.

It is also stated in a poem, addressed to the celebrated Eoghan O'Madden, chief of Sil-Anmchadha, written previously to the year 1347, that his ancestors came from Clochar mac n-Daimhin.

In a poem addressed to the same chieftain, a curious list of the chiefs of Hy-Many, of whom seven were his ancestors, is given; and though the list cannot be considered perfect, it is nevertheless valuable, as preserving the names of several chiefs of this territory not to be found in any other authority; without it nothing like an accurate series of the early chiefs of Hy-Many could now be given, as the Irish annals are imperfect.

  • Maine Mor, ancestor of all the Hy-Many, was chief of the territory for fifty years, after which he died a natural death.
  • Bresal, son of Maine, thirty years, when he died a natural death, which the poem states was surprising, as he had been much engaged in wars.
  • Fiachra Finn, the son of Bresal (No. 2), seventeen years, when he was treacherously slain by his brother Maine Mall. Fiachra Finn is styled in the poem, “a tower in conflict and battle.” He is the ancestor of the O'Naghtens and O'Mullallys or Lallys.
  • Conall Cas-ciabhach, i.e. of the curled tresses, was prince of Hy-Maine, twenty-two years, when he was slain. He was brother of Fiachra Finn.
  • Dallan, who was also a brother of Fiachra Finn, was prince of Hy-Maine for eleven years, when he was mortally wounded and afterwards drowned.
  • Duach, the son of Dallan (No. 5), was prince of Hy-Many for sixteen years, when he was slain by Maine Macamh. He is called in the poem “a good man, and an impartial distributor of justice.”
  • Lughaidh, the son of Dallan, and brother of Duach, was prince or chief ruler of Hy-Many for fourteen years, when he died a natural death.
  •  p.15
  • Feradhach, the son of Lughaidh, was prince of Hy-Many for twenty-four years, when he was slain by his successor.
  • Marcan was chief or prince of Hy-Maine for fifteen years, when he was slain by the sword as, the poem states, he had deserved.
  • Cairbre Crom, 27 son of Feradhach, prince of Hy-Many nine years, when he was slain by his successor. He granted to St. Kieran seventeen townlands in Hy-Many.
  • Cairbre Mac Feachtaine, or Mac Feichine, the son of Feradhach (No. 8), was prince of Hy-Many for twenty-six years, when he was slain by Crimthann, after the former had slain his own brother, Cairbre Crom. He was father of Brenainn Dall, who died in the year 597, and of the celebrated Aedh Guaire, the relative of St. Rodanus of Lorrah, who is mentioned in the account of the cursing of Tara in the Annals of Clonmacnoise. He is the ancestor of the tribe called Cinel Fechin, who were seated in the barony of Leitrim, in the south of the county of Galway.
  •  p.16
  • Cormac, son of Cairbre Crom, was prince of Hy-Maine for twenty years, when he died a natural death. This chieftain is called a saint, and the patron of Cill Cormaic.
  • Eoghan Finn, the son of Cormac, was prince of Hy-Many for nineteen years, when he died a natural death. He is the ancestor of the Northern Hy-Maine or O'Kellys.
  • Eoghan Buac, the son of Cormac, and brother of Eoghan Finn, was prince of Hy-Many for nineteen years, when he also died a natural death. He is the ancestor of the Southern Hy-Many or O'Maddens.
  • Fichellach, the son of Dicholla, who was son of Eoghan Finn (No. 13), was prince of Hy-Many for twelve years, when he was slain by the army of Cobhthach, the son of Maelduin, who was son of Donnghallach, who was son of Anmchadh, who was son of Eoghan Buac (No. 14, supra).
  • Cobhthach, son of Maelduin, was prince of Hy-Many for twenty years, when he was slain by Finnachta, son of Oilill, son of Innrachtach, son of Fichellach, son of Dluthach, son of Dicholla, son of Eoghan Finn.
  • Finnachta, son of Oilill, was prince of Hy-Maine for seventeen years, when he was treacherously slain by the son of Cobhthach.
  • Aeiril, or Oilell, the son of Aedh Finn, son of Anmchadh, son of Eogan Buac, was prince of Hy-Maine for fourteen years, when he fell in treachery by Ceallach, the ancestor after whom the O'Ceallaighs, or O'Kellys, have taken their surname.
  • Cellach, son of Finnachta, who was son of Oilill, who was son of Innrachtach, who was son of Fichellach, who was son of Dluthach, who was son of Dicholla, who was son of Eoghan Finn (No. 13, supra), was chief of Hy-Many for eighteen years when he was slain.
  • Diarmaid, the son of Aedh, was prince of Hy-Many for forty years, when he died a natural death. He was one of the seven princes of Hy-Many who were of the O'Madden or Sil Anmchadha line.
  • Tadhg, or Teige Mor O'Kelly, was prince of Hy-Many for thirteen years, when he fell in the battle of Clontarf, fighting on the side of Brian Boru, monarch of Ireland, A.D. 1014.
  • Gadhra, lord of Sil Anmchadha, on the death of Teige Mor O'Kelly, became lord of all Hy-Many, a dignity which he enjoyed for twelve years, when he died a natural death.

 p.17

Gadhra, the twenty-second prince of Hy-Many, is the last mentioned in the poem from which this list has been taken, and which was addressed to Eoghan O Madden, chief of Sil Anmchadha and presumptive heir of Hy-Many, who died in the year 1347, according to the Four Masters. After giving this list of the chieftains, the Bard goes on to carry the pedigree of his patron, Eoghan O'Madden, from Gadhra, the last of the chiefs he enumerates, down to his own time, as follows:

  • GADHRA, or GARA, was father of
  • MADUDAN (or MADDEN), who was father of
  • DIARMAID, who was father of
  • MADUDAN, who was father of
  • DIARMAID, who was father of
  • MADUDAN MOR, who was father of
  • CATHAL, who was father of
  • MURCHADH, of Magh Bealaigh, who was father of
  • EOGHAN O MADDEN, to whom the poem was addressed.

In another poem, preserved in the same manuscript, and addressed to the same Eoghan O'Madden, the seven chieftains of his family, who became princes of all Hy-Many, are enumerated in the following order: 1. Eoghan Buac, 2. Cobhthach, 3. Oilill, 4. Gadhra Mor, son of Dunadhach, 5. Diarmaid, 6. Oilill, 7. Diarmaid; and the Bard adds, that Eoghan O'Madden himself was expected to be the eighth.

The other chiefs of Hy-Many will be given in the pedigree of O'Kelly, Note A, at the end of this tract. This is not reproduced in the CELT edition.

After the Burkes, or De Burghs, had established themselves in the county of Galway, the limits of Hy-Many were very much circumscribed 28, the baronies of Leitrim, Eoughrea, and Athenry, which  p.18 were originally a part of Hy-Many, being seized upon by the Burkes, and made a part of their territory of Clanrickard; and it is remarkable that in the year 1585, O'Madden's country was not considered a part of Hy-Many. In the reign of Elizabeth it consisted only of five baronies, as appears from a curious document to be found among the 'Inrolments tempore Elizabethae,' in the Auditor General's Office, Dublin, dated 6th August, 1585. From this Document the Editor is tempted to present the reader with the following extract, which throws a curious light on the state of Hy-Many in the reign of Queen Elizabeth: “Agreement between the Irish chieftains and inhabitants of Imany, called the O'Kellie's country, on both sides of the river of Suck, in Connaught, and the Queen's Majesty, viz. Hugh O'Kelly of Lisecalhone, 29 otherwise called O'KELLY, Teige Mac William O'Kelly, of Mullaghmore 30, and Connor Oge O'Kelly, of Killiane, 31 competitors for the name of Tanestshippe of O'KELLY  p.19 Connor ne Garroghe O'Kelly, of Gallaghe, 32 and Shane ne Moye O'Kelly, of the Criaghe, 33 Generosus; William O'Mannine, of Mynloghe, 34 otherwise called O'MANNINE; Moriartagh O'Concannon, of Kiltullagh, 35 otherwise called O'CONCANNON; Shane O'Naghten, of Moynure, 36 otherwise called O'NAGHTEN; Edmond Mac Keoghe, of Owenagh, otherwise called MAC KEOGHE; Donogh O'Murry, of Ballymurry, 37 otherwise called O'MURRY; Covaghe O'Fallone, of the Milltowne, 38 otherwise called O'FALLONE; and Connor Mac Geraghte, otherwise called MAC GERUAGHTE. 39

“The territory of Imany, called O'Kelly's country, is divided into five principal barronyes, that is to wytte, Athlone, Killconnell, Teaquine, Killyane, and Maycarnane, 40 all which contain 665 1/2 quarters of land, each at 120 acres.”

 p.20

“It is agreed by all the forenamed parties that the captainshippe and tanistshippe of the said country, heretofore used by the said O'Kellies, and all ellections and Irish customary division of lands shall be utterly abolished and extinct for ever: that Hugh, otherwise called O'KELLY, shall possess these four quarters of land, viz. Lisennoke, Ferranbreaghe, Lysdallen, and Moydowe, now in his possession, and which are situated in Eraght-O'Murry and Mac Edmond's country, in the barony of Athlone, with a chief rent out of various other lands within the said country, which amount in the whole to £56 19s. 6d. during his natural life, and after his death the said lands to be freed and discharged of the aforesaid rents.”

“That Teige Mac William O'Kelly shall have and possess the quarters of Mullaghmore, Cornegallaghe, Carrownesire, and Carrowneboe. And Connor Oge O'Kelly shall have four quarters in and about the town of Killiane, but upon this special condition, which they bind themselves to, that they and their heirs shall henceforth behave themselves like good subjects; shall put no ymposition or chardge upon the inhabyters of the lands, and shall bring uppe their children after the English fashions, and in the use of the Englishe tounge.”

The Editor cannot close these remarks without returning thanks to those friends who have assisted him in editing and illustrating the present tract on Hy-Many. Among these he has the honor of reckoning D. H. Kelly, of Castle Kelly, Esq., the representative of an ancient branch of the O'Kellys of Hy-Many, who has kindly communicated many curious facts relating to the history and topography of Hy-Many, and with whom the Editor spent some happy days in examining the ancient localities of the territory; also James Hardiman, Esq., the Author of the History of Galway, whose knowledge of the Anglo-Norman records of Ireland is not exceeded, if equalled, by any one now living, and whose acquaintance with the history of p.21 Ireland in general, and with that of his native province in particular, entitles him to a distinguished place among the historians of Ireland. The Editor also feels it his duty to acknowledge the great obligations he owes to Dr. Todd, of Trinity College, not only for the facilities he has afforded him in giving him access to the MSS. of the University Library, but also for many valuable suggestions as to the mode of translating and elucidating the present tract. He is further bound to record his obligations to Mr. Eugene Curry, whose acquaintance with the contents of the Irish MSS. in the Library of Trinity College and elsewhere is not equalled by any living scholar. And he has likewise to express his gratitude to Mr. Petrie, the most distinguished antiquary in Ireland, from whom he first acquired whatever skill he possesses in distinguishing history from fable; and to Captain Larcom, of the Royal Engineers, under whom the Editor has been employed for the last twelve years in examining the ancient and modern topography of Ireland, and who has kindly afforded him many facilities in referring to the published Ordnance Maps, for the modern topographical information contained in the notes to the present tract.

J.O'D.


unknown

Edited by John O'Donovan

The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, commonly called O'Kelly's Country

 p.24

Tuarasgbhail Ua Maine

1. Genealach h- Ua Maine and so

Maine Mor, mac Eachach Fir da Giall, mic Domhnaill, mic Imchada, mic Colla da Crích, aen mhac lais, .i. Bresal. Cuig meic la Bresal, .i. Fiachra Find, ocus Dallan, ocus Conall, ocus Creamthand, 41 ocus Maine Mall, a quo h-Ui Maine Brengair. Tri meic Dallain, mic Bresail, .i. Duach, ocus Lugaidh, ocus Loman. Cuig meic Lugaidh, .i. dá Eogan, ocus Cremthand Cael, ocus Fearadach, ocus Findall Fathach, ut dixit poeta:

  1. Eogan, Eogan, Crimthand Cael, 42
    fa saer an cinel brathar,
    cuig meic Lugaid, niss timair
    Fearadach, Finnall Fathach.

Tri meic Fearagaidh, 43 .i. Cairpri Crom, ocus Cairpri Mac p.26 Feithine, 44 ocus Nadsluaig, a quo h-Ua Finain. Cairpri, mac Feithine, ceithri meic lais, .i. Brenaind Dall, ocus Aed Abla, ocus Aed Guairi, ocus Loithin. 45 Ocht meic Brenaind Daill, .i. Colman, ocus Coman, ocus Maelbracha, no Cronan, ocus Garban, ocus Toman, ocus Amlaib al. Amalgaidh, ocus Maine, ocus Fland.

1. Clann Chomain

Conall, mac Cormaic, mic Ceithernaig, mic Fogartaig, mic Fearadaig, mic Eachtgaile, mic Sechnasaigh, mic Congail, mic Eogain, mic Comain, mic Brenaind Daill, mic Cairpri Feichine, mic Fearadaig, mic Luigdheach, mic Dallain, mic Bresail, mic Máine Móir.

2. Clann Cremthaind

Murchatan, 46 mac Sochlachain, 47 mic Diarmata, mic Fergusa, mic Murchada, mic Duib-da-Thuath, mic Daimine, mic Daimdairi, mic Ailella, mic Coirbine, mic Aeda, mic Crimthaind Chaeil, mic Lugdach, mic Dallain, mic Bresail, mic Maine Moir.

3. Nunc h-Ua Nadsluaig .i. h-Ua Finain

Ailell, mac Finain, mic Ceallaig, mic Nadsluaig, mic Fearadaig, mic Luigdeach, mic Dallain, mic Bresail, mic Maine Moir.

4. Cland Cairpri Cruim

Cairpri Crom en mac lais, .i. Cormac. Da mac la Cormac,  p.28 .i. Eogan Finn, ocus Eogan Buac. Eogan Finn, dia ta tuaiscert O Maine, ocus Eogan Buacc, a quo deiscert O Maine.

Ceathrar mac la h-Eogan Finn, .i. Dicholla, ocus Fithchellach, ocus Maelanfaid, ocus Scannlan, ocus Scannall. Maelanfaid eisidi, a quo h-Ua Duibgind. 48

5. Clann Cernaig Inso

Connagan mac Cernaig, mic Ailella, mic Cernaig, mic Coscraig, mic Fidchellaig, mic Dicolla, mic Eogain Find.

Cosgrach, mac Cernaig, mic Ailella, ceithri meic deg lais; dibaid iad-sidhein acht cethrar, .i. Flaithem, ocus Cernach, ocus Daithgeal, ocus Duibinnracht. Dubcailli, mac Lachtnain, mic Indrachtaig, mic Fhlaithim, mic Cosgraigh, mic Cernaig.

Loingseach, mac mic Cormaic, mic Ciardeirg, mic Fidgaili, mic Flaithim, mic Cosgraig.

Is iad so for-sloinnti Sil Cernaig, .i. h-Ua Finain, 49 h-Ua Laidhin, 50 h-Ua Lachtnan, 51 h-Ua Conbuidi, 52 h-Ua Ullscaid, 53 h-Ua Cheinnedid, 54 p.30 h-Ua Dorchaidi, 55 h-Ua Sidachain, 56 h-Ua Furadain, 57 h-Ua Cuilein, 58 h-Ua Crabadain. 59

6. Clann Aedagain60

Maelisa Ruadh, mac Saerbrethaig, mic Flaind, mic Gilli Shuasanaig, mic Saerbrethaig, mic Muirchertaig, mic Floind, mic Aedagain, mic Goistin, mic Flaithim, mic Flaithgili, mic Cosgraig, mic Fidchellaig.

Indrachtach, mac Dluthaig, mic Oilella, 61 mic Innrechtaig, mic Dluthaig, 62 mic Fhithchellaig, 63 mic Dicholla, mic Eogain Find, mic Cormaic, mic Cairpri Cruim.

Duibginn, mac Feargaili, mic Ailella, mic Conaill, mic Ailella, mic Innrachtaig.

Ceallach, mac Findachta, mic Ailella, mic Innrachtaig.

7. Clann Flaitheamail, Mic Dluthaig

Maelbrigdi, mac Indrachtaig, mic Flaithnia, mic Flaitheamail, mic Dluthaig.

8. h-Ua Domnaill

Domnall, mac Dunchada, mic Muirchertaig, mic Flaithnia, mic Dluthaig, 64 mic Fidcheallaig, mic Dicholla.

 p.32

9. Clann Bresail, a quo h-Ui Domnallan65

Domnallan, mac Maelbrigdi, mic Grenain, mic Loingsich, mic Domnallain, mic Bresail, mic Dluthaig, mic Fithchellaig, 66 mic Dicholla, mic Eogain Find.

10. Clann Fiachra Finn ann so

Ceithri meic Fiachra Find, .i. Amlaib, Cairpri, Eochaidh, Seisgnia.

11. Clann Amlaib

Nechtain, 67 mac Maeilcheir, mic Aengusa, mic Tuathail, mic Miclaeich, mic Conalaig, mic Amalgaid, mic Deinmnedaig, mic Dima, mic Laidgind, mic Maeluidir, mic Aeda, mic Finntain, mic Amlaib, mic Fiachrach Find, mic Bresail, mic Maine Moir.

12. Genealac h-Ui Maeilalaid. 68

Amlaib, mac Gilli Crisd, mic Domnaill, mic Ceindeidid, mic Domnaill, mic Maelfhalaid, a quo h-Ua Maeilfalaid, mic Concichi, mic Maeltuili, mic Meiclaich, mic Condalaig.

Catt, mac Seisgnia, mic Fiachrach Find, an uair do marb se Ailell, mac Fiachrach Find, do chuaid se co h-Aedan Bruindi Luim, mic Fergusa, mic Eogain, mic Neill Noígiallaig; ocus, is uime a dearthai Aedan Bruindi Luim, .i. a bruinni lom o fhaebraib colg, p.34 ocus arm, ocus tuc Cat Eadan, ingen Aedain, ocus rug sí mac do, .i. Ruadan mac Cait, o fuiled muinnter Ruadhan, ocus ro ansad a comfhagas a shean-athar, .i. Aedan, mac Fergusa, ocus a Cuil Aneirig do ansad.

13. Nunc Sil Maelanfaid. Do Genealach h-Ui Loman. 69

Ruaidri, mac Coindligain, mic Draignein, mic Echach, mic Connmaig, mic Forbasaig, mic Coidbeanaig, mic Rechtagain, mic Odrain, mic Maeilenaid, mic Eachach, mic Ainmirech, mic Aengusa Lomain, mic Dallain, mic Bresail, mic Maine Moir, a quo h-Ua Maine.

Cuig meic Aengusa Lomain, mic Dallain, .i. da Eochaid, ocus Ainmiri, ocus Carrthach, ocus Fathach, ut poeta dixit:

  1. Eochaid, Eochaid, Ainmire,
    Carrthach, caime craebdosa,
    drong brathar do airmisa,
    Fathach Finn, mac Aengusa.

14. Cinel Critain andso

Flandagan, mac Meiscill, mic Bruagair, mic Findachta, mic Conclochair, mic Faelchon, mic Critain, mic Ainmirech, mic Aengusa Lomain.

15. Cinel Fathaidh inso 70

Cormac, mac Maenaig, mic Ailibair, mic Colaim, mic Rechtamail, mic Colmain, mic Flaind, mic Aengusa, mic Uradrain, mic Fathaid, mic Aengusa Lomain.

 p.36

16. Genealach h-Ui Lomain Findabrach 71 ann so

Fland, mac Cinaetha, mic Donngaili, mic Eachach, mic Airmedaig, mic Congalaig, mic Inndelbaid, mic Daithnennaig, mic Crundain, mic Fergna, mic Aedha Senaig, mic Eachach, mic Ainmirech, mic Aengusa Lomain.

17. Genealac h-Ua Cormaic Maenmuigi. 72

Niall, mac Cearbaill mic Mailcoba, mic Rudgusa, mic Follachtaig, mic Concaissil, mic Fhachtna, mic Lachtnain, mic Fhindtain Uallaig, mic Seith, mic Cormaic, mic Crimthainn, mic Bresail, mic Maine Moir.

18. Genealach h-Ua n-Duach

Duach, mac Dallain, mic Bresail, mic Maine Moir.

 p.38

19. Genealach Chinel Aeda73

Cubaga mac Ceallaig, mic Dungaili, mic Congail, mic Congusa, mic Ronain, mic Maeluma, mic Crimthainn, mic Bresail, etc.

20. Genealach Sil n-Anmchada74

Anmchad, mac Eogain Buacc, mic Cormaic, mic Cairpri Chruim, tri meic lais, .i. Dondgalach, ocus Fiangalach, ocus Forbasach. Maelduin, mac Donngalaig, da mac lais, .i. Cobthach, ocus Indrachtach. Gadra, mac Dunagaig, mic Loingsig, mic Dunagaid, mic Cobthaig, mic Mailiduin, mic Donngalaig, mic Anmchada.

Maelcothaig, mac Donngaili, mic Anmchada. Da mac Dunagaig, mic Cobthaig, .i. Loingsech, ocus Draignen, a quo h-Ua Draignen, 75 .i. Ceandfaelad, mac Find, mic Tresaig, mic Draignen, mic Dunadaig. Coig meic Loingsig, .i. Gadra, ocus Gledra, ocus Cinaeth, ocus Currain, a quo h-Ua Churrain, 76 ocus Flandchad, a quo h-Ua Flandchada. 77 Echtigern, mac Gadra, mic Loingsig. h-Ua Chinaeith, 78 o Chinaeth, mac Loingsig. h-Ua Gledra, 79 o Gledra, mac Loingsich. Dongalach, mac Anmchaid, a quo Muinnter Chobthaig, 80 p.40 ocus h-Ui Donngalaig. 81 Fiangalach, mac Anmchaid, a quo Muinnter Chonnagain, 82 ocus meic Cadhusaig, 83 ocus h-Ui Ainchine, 84 mic Ceallaig, ocus h-Ua Bimnein85 mic Muireadaig, ocus h-Ua Tholairg86 mic Neill, ocus h-Ua Aithusa87 mic Neill, ocus h-Ua Braenain, 88 ocus Muinnter Chicharan, 89 ocus Muinntir Rodaigi, 90 ocus Muinnter Congalaig, 91 ocus h-Ua Daigin. 92

Uallachan, mac Flaind, mic Flandchada, mic Innrachtaig, mic Mailiduin, mic Donngaili, mic Anmchaid, mic Eogain Buac. Is o'n Uallachan sin Meg Uallachain, 93 .i. sein-riga na n-Anmchadach.

Lorcan, mac Muroin, mic Floind, mic Indrachtaig, a quo h-Ua Dublaich. 94 Forbusach, mac Anmchada, a quo Muinnter Lorcain, 95 ocus Mic Ceillaig, 96 ocus h-Ua Findachtaig, 97 ocus h-Ua Coscraid, 98 p.42 ocus h-Ua Maenaig, 99 ocus h-Ua Connachtain, 100 ocus h-Ua Chanain, 101 ocus h-Ua Maelduib. 102

21. Muindter Chobthaig and so, a quo h-Ua Gadra, .i. Muinnter Madadain, 103

Ocus Muinnter Chinaith, 104 ocus Muinnter Tresaig, 105 ocus Muinnter Laegairi mhic Dunadaig, ocus h-Ua Flannchada, 106 ocus h-Ua Gledraig, 107 ocus h-Ua Currain, 108 ocus h-Ua Aedha, 109 ocus h-Ua Cairten, 110 ocus h-Ua Chuagain. 111

Cland Indrachtaig, mic Mailiduin, .i. Muinnter Ruairc, 112 ocus Mic Brain, 113 ocus Mic Muroin, 114 ⁊ca. ocus Muinnter Mailchada, a quo Muinnter Dublaind, 115 ocus h-Ua Flannchada, ⁊ca. ocus Muinnter Mailcroin, 116 Mic Dungail, 117 ocus Muinnter Arrachtan, 118 ocus Muinnter Duibgilla, 119 ocus Muinnter Conrai. 120

22. Do Genealach h-Ui Ceallaig and so

Domnall Mor, mac Taidg Thaillten, mic Concobair in Catha, mic Diarmada, mic Taidhg, mic Murchaid, mic Concobair, mic  p.44 Taidg Catha Briain, 121 mic Murcaidh, mic Aedha, mic Ceallaig, 122 mic Findachta, mic Ailella, mic Innrechtaig, mic Dluthaig, mic Fhidchellaig, mic Dicholla, mic Eogain Finn, mic Cormaic, mic Cairpri Cruim, mic Fearadaig, mic Lugaid, mic Dallain, mic Bresail, mic Maine Moir.

Aed mac Diarmada, mic Taidg Chata Briain.

Tadg Dub, mac Aeda, mic Diarmada.

23. Clann Domnaill, mic Taidg Taillten and so

Sé meic Domnaill Moir, mic Taidg Taillten, .i. Concobar, ocus Tadg Find Muigi Ruscach, ocus Eogan, ocus Tomas Espuc, 123 ocus Lochlaind, ocus Diarmaid. Ingen Domnaill Moir h-I Bhriain, mathair an t-seisir sin, ocus derbshiur di mathair Fheidlimid, mic Cathail Croibdheirg, ocus derbsiur eli doib mathair Ricaird, mic Uilliam Find, o fhuil Clann Ricaird.

Clann Concobair, mic Domnaill Moir, .i. Domnall. Cuig meic la Domnall, .i. Gilliberd, ri O Maini, ocus Dauith, ocus Tadg Mor Catha Atha na Righ, ocus Concobar, ri O Maine, ocus Aed; ocus nir b'inann mathair leo, acht le dis, .i. Tadg, ocus Conchobar; Abis, ingen h-Ui Fhlaind, a mathair.

Clann Gilliberd in so, .i. Diarmaid, mac Gilliberd, ri O Maine, ocus Tomas Espuc, 124 ocus Domnall Tuathach, ocus Murchadh, ocus Cormac, ocus Brian, ocus Dáuíth, a sinnsear.

 p.46

Clann Diarmada, mic Gilliberd, .i. Concobar Cerrbach, ocus Sean; én mathair leo, ocus Maine, ocus Tadhg; Mor, ingen Aeda h-I Concobair, mathair an Taidg sin. Concobar, mac Concobair, Cerrbaig. Tadg, mac Diarmada, mic Gilliberd, tri meic leis, .i. Uilliam, ocus Donchad, ocus Seaan.

Clann Tomais Espuic, mac Gilliberd, .i. Maeleachlainn, ocus Muircertach, ocus Tomas, ocus Diarmaid, ocus Murchad, ocus Tomaltach.

Clann Domnaill Tuathaig, mic Gilliberd, .i. Uilliam, ocus Ruaidhri, ocus Cairpri, ocus Brian, ocus Roberd, ocus Domnall. En mac la Murchad, mac Gilliberd, Dauith. Da mac la Cormac, mac Gilliberd, Murchad ocus Tomas. Clann Dauith, meic Gilliberd, Brian, ocus da Muircertach, ocus Eogan, ocus Aed, ocus Murchad. Aen mac la Donnchad, mac Gilliberd, Gilliberd.

Tadg Chatha Atha na Rig, mac Domnaill, tri meic lais, .i. Donnchad, ocus Tadg, ocus Concobar. Tri meic la Tadg, .i. Tadg Og, ocus Donnchad Ruadh, ocus Tadg Ruadh eile. Tri meic la Concobar, mac Taidg, .i. Ruaidri, ocus Eogan, ocus Aed.

Concobar, mac Domnaill, mic Concobair, mic Domnaill Moir, tri meic lais, .i. Domnall, ocus Maine, ocus Eogan. Muirchertach, ocus Uilliam Ballach, da mac Domnaill, mic Concobair. Tri meic ag Maine, mac Concobair, .i. Murchad, ocus Donnchad Ballach, ocus Maine. Aen mac Eogain, mic Concobair, .i. Brian mac Eogain. Aed, mhac Domnaill, mic Concobair, mic Domnaill Moir, da mac lais, .i. Pilip ocus Siacus. Clann Domnaill, mic Concobair, conuigi sin.

Donnchad Muimnech, mac Concobair, mic Domnaill, nai meic lais, .i. Muircertach, ocus Aed, ocus Maileachlainn, ocus Maine; Ingen Meic Uigilin, 125 a mathair. Mic aile do, Tadg ocus Concobar; p.48 dibaid iad-sidi, ocus Emand, ocus Uilliam, ocus Domnall Muimnech. Dubesa, ingen Maileachlainn, mic Donnchaid, mic Domnaill, mic Magnusa, mic Toirrdealbaig Moir h-I Concobair, ri Erenn, mathair na mac sin. Aed, mac Donnchaid Muimnig, cuig meic leis, .i. Muircertaig, ocus Domnall Mor, ocus Mathgamain. Róis, ingen h-I Madagain, mathair na mac sin. Eogan, ocus Seaan, ocus Tomas, na meic sin ele.

Tri meic la Domnall Mor, mac Aeda, .i. Concobar, ocus Domnall Ab, ocus Donnchad Gall. Ceithri meic la Mathgamain, mac Aeda, .i. Maeleachlainn, ocus Aed, ocus Ruaidri, ocus Eogan. Maeleachlainn, mac Donnchaid Muimnig, se meic lais, .i. Diarmaid, mac ingine h-I Mailalaid, Brian, ocus Murchad, da mac ingine h-I Fhlandagan. Eochaid, ocus Ceallach, ocus Donnchad, tri meic ingine h-I Concobair. Eochaid, mac Mailechlainn, tri meic lais, .i. Maileachlainn, ocus Cairpri, ocus Diarmaid. Da mac la Cellach, .i. Brian ocus Donnchad. Da mac la Donnchad, mac Mailechlainn, .i. Seaan ocus Domnall.

24. Clann Maine inso

Maine, mac Donnchaid, tri meic lais, .i. Pilip, ocus Tadg, ocus Eogan. Clann mor la Pilip, .i. Maine, ocus Donnchad, ocus Muirchertach, .i. an t-Espuc, 126 ocus Diarmaid Cleirech, ocus Aed. Tri meic la h-Emann, mac Domnaill Muimnig, .i. Emann Og, ocus Uilliam, ocus Tadg; mac do Thadg Brian.

25. Clann Uilliam, Mic Donnchaid and so

Maeleachlainn, 127 mac Uilliam, ingen h-I Grada a mathair, ocus  p.50 Uilliam Og, ocus Tadg, ocus Aed Buidi, clann Uilliam in sin. Maeleachlainn clann mor lais, .i. Ruaidri, ocus Brian, ocus Concobar. 128 Ingen Baiter a Burc mathair an trir sin. Aed, 129 ocus Feradach, ocus Tadg, ocus Donnchad, ocus Domnall, ocus Uilliam, ocus Emand. Finnguala, ingen Toirrdelbaig h-I Concobair, mathair na mac sin. En mac la Muircertach, mac Uilliam, mic Donnchaid Muimnig, .i. Domnall. As iad so clann Concobair, mic Domnaill Moir, .i. Domnall O'Cellaig, ocus Donnchad Muimnech, ⁊ca, ocus Maine Mor, ocus Murchad, ocus Cathal, ocus Cairpri Brathair, ocus Muris, ocus Nicol. Ingen h-I Eighin mathair Domnaill ocus Murchaid; Ingen h-I Lochlainn mathair Donnchaid Muimnig ocus Maine; Ingen Mec Con Mara mathair Cathail, ocus Cairpri, ocus Muiris. Maine, mac Diarmada, mic Taidg, mic Maine Moir. Da mac la Maelechlainn, mac Cormaic, mic Murchaid, mic Concobair, mic Domnaill Moir, .i. Siacus, ocus Cormac, ocus Diarmaid an tres. Tri meic la Siacus, .i. Seaan, ocus Mailechlainn Cleirech, ocus Tadg. Cathal, mac Concobair, mic Domnaill Moir, tri meic lais, .i. Cairpri, dibaid, ocus Maeleachlainn, ocus Uilliam. Clann maith la Maelechlainn, .i. Concobar, ocus Cairpri, ocus Maine Cleirech. Ingen h-I Madagain mathair an trir sin. Mac aili do Aed. Cuig meic Uilliam, mic Cathail, mic Concobair, .i. Seaan, ocus Magnus, ocus Diarmaid, ocus Lochlainn, ocus Diarmaid, ocus Siacus. Ingen Meg Oirechtaig mathair na mac sin. Muircertach mac aili do. Maelechlainn, mac Concobair, mic Mailechlainn, mic Cathail. Clann Eogain, mic Domnaill Moir, .i. Mathgamain, ocus Donnchad Mor, ocus Brian, ocus Cairpri, ocus Domnall Cleirech. Do badur triuir mac ag p.52 Mathgamain, 130 .i. Pilip, ocus Ruaidri, ocus Concobar. Ingen Meic Cochlain mathair an trir sin. Da badar ceithri meic ag Pilip, .i. Cairpri, ocus Murchad, ocus Catal, ocus Maelechlainn. Mathgamain, mac Murchaid, mic Pilip, mic Mathgamna. Seacht meic ag Ruaidri, .i. Donnchad, ocus Domnall, ocus Mathgamain, ocus Tadg, ocus Concobar, ocus Brian, ocus Diarmaid. Mor, ingen Uilliam Leith a Búrc, mathair Donnchaid; Ingen h-I Concobair Failgi mathair Domnaill, ocus Ruaidri, mic Lochlaind, o fuiled Cland Lochlaind Ruaid. Maelruanaid, mac Ruaidri, an t-ochtmad mac. Domnall, mac Ruaidri, aen mac lais, .i. Tadg. Eogan, mac Ruaidri, mic Donnchaid. Uilliam, mac Donnchaid, mic Ruaidri. En mac la Maelruanaid, mac Ruaidri, .i. Seaan. Tri meic Briain, mic Ruaidri, .i. Maghnus ocus Muirchertach ocus Concobar. Cormac, mac Cairpri, mic Eogain, mac do Prioir Cluana Tuaiscirt. 131

Clann Concobair mic Mathgamna mic Eogain: Ceitri meic aigi, .i. Eochaid, ocus Domnall, ocus Pilip, ocus Magnus. Mac do Pilip Concobar. Clann Donnchaid Moir, mic Eogain, .i. Concobar, ocus Eogan, ocus Maeleaclainn Dubh, ocus Aed. Donnchad, ocus Concobar Odur, da mac Conchobair, mic Donnchaid. Clann Donnchaid, mic Concobair, mic Donnchaid Moir, .i. Maine, ocus Murchad, ocus Muircertach Cleirech, ocus Domnall Glas. Clann Briain, mic Eogain, .i. Donncuan, ocus Brian, ocus Murchad. Da mac Duinnchuan, Aed ocus Tomas. Maine, mac Siacusa, mic Briain, mic Briain, mic Eogain. Ocus Domnall, mac Siacusa. Tadg, mac Murchaid, mic Eogain, tri meic lais, .i. Lochlainn, ocus Domnall, ocus Siacus. Seann ocus Cormac, da mac Cairpri, mic Eogain. Tri meic Domnaill Chleirig, mic Eogain, .i. Uilliam, p.54 ocus Pilip Cas, ocus Eogan. Clann Uilliam, mic Domnaill Cleirigh, .i. Muircertach, ocus Dauith, ocus Diarmaid, ocus Concobar Cluasach. Clann Pilip Chais, .i. Tadg, ocus Aed, ocus Maelechlainn, ocus an Dall. Clann Taidg, mic Pilip, .i. Tomas, ocus Muircertach, ocus Donnchad, 132 ocus Diarmaid. Clann Maelechlainn, mic Philip Cais, .i. Maghnus, ocus Concobar Riabach, ocus Seaan Dub, ocus Domnall. Tadg Find Muigi Ruscach, mac Domnaill Moir, mic Taidg Taillten, da mac lais, .i. Cathal ocus Diarmaid. Tri meic la Cathal, .i. Tomaltach, ocus Aed, ocus Maelechlainn. Murchad, mac Maeileachlainn, mic Cathail, mic Taidg Finn. Da mac Diarmada, mic Thaidg Fhinn, .i. Art Ruad, ocus Tadg Direach. Da mac ag Art Ruad, .i. Tomaltach, ocus Magnus. Da mac ag Tadg Díreach, .i. Mathgamain ocus Donnchad. Diarmaid ocus Concobar, da mac Aeda, mic Catail, mic Taidg Finn.

Tadg, mac Maileachlainn, ocus Ruaidri, ocus Murchad, clann Maileachlainn, mic Cathail, mic Taidg Find.

Clann Lochlaind, mic Domnaill Moir, .i. Aed, ocus Magnus, ocus Simon Cleirech, ocus Tadg, ocus da Domnall, ocus Cairpri. Clann Lochlainn, mic Aeda, mic Lochlainn Moir, .i. Ruaidri, ocus Lochlainn Og, ocus Maine, ocus Tadg Dub, ocus Murchad Ruad. Tri meic Ruaidri, mic Lochlaind, .i. Donnchad, ocus Domnall, ocus Conchobar. Da mac Lochlaind Oig, .i. Donnchad, ocus Maeleachlainn. En mac la Donnchad, mac Aeda, mic Lochlaind, .i. Tadg. Domnall, mac Aeda, mic Lochlainn. Cairpri, mac Aeda, mic Lochlainn. Magnus, mac Lochlainn, mic Domnaill Moir, da mac lais, .i. Tadg ocus Domnall. En mac la Domnall, .i. Magnus. En mac la Tadg, .i. Conchobar. Clann Simoin, mic Lochlainn, mic Domnaill Moir, .i. Brian, p.56 ocus Seaan, ocus Uilliam, ocus Cathal, ocus Diarmaid, ocus Tomaltach, ocus Tomas Ruad. Clann Diarmada, mic Domnaill Moir, mic Taidg Taillten, .i. Eochaid ocus Donnchad. Nicol, mac Tomais, mic Eochaid, mic Diarmada, mic Domnaill Moir. Clann Tomais, mic Domnaill Moir, .i. Siacus ocus Seaan. Tadg, imnorra, mac Siacusa, mic Tomais Espuc, mic Domnaill Moir.

26. Genealach h-I Cheallaig ann so

  • Tadg,
  • Mac Maeilechlainn,
  • Mic Uilliam,
  • Mic Donncaid Muimnig,
  • Mic Concobair,
  • Mic Domnaill,
  • Mic Taidg Taillten,
  • Mic Concobair an Catha,
  • Mic Diarmata,
  • Mic Concobair,
  • Mic Taidg Chatha Briain,
  • Mic Murchaid,
  • Mic Aeda,
  • Mic Ceallaig,
  • Mic Fhindachtaig,
  • Mic Ailella,
  • Mic Finnrachtaig,
  • Mic Fidcellaig,
  • Mic Dluthaig,
  • Mic Dicholla,
  • Mic Eogain Finn,
  • Mic Cormaic,
  • Mic Cairpri Cruim,
  • Mic Feradaig,
  • Mic Luigeach,
  • Mic Dallain,
  • Mic Bresail,
  • Mic Maine Moir,
  • Mic Echach Fir da Giall,
  • Mic Domnaill,
  • Mic Imchada,
  • Mic Colla da Crich,
  • Mic Echach Doimlen,
  • Mic Cairpri Lifechair,
  • Mic Cormaic Ulfhada,
  • Mic Airt Aeinfir,
  • Mic Cuind Ced-cathaigh.

27. Genealach h-I Madagain

  • Murchad,
  • Mac Eogain,
  • Mic Murchaid,
  • Mic Cathail,
  • Mic Madagain Moir,
  • Mic Diarmada, 133
  • Mic Dunagaid,
  •  p.58
  • Mic Gadra, 134
  • Mic Dunagaid, 135
  • Mic Cobthaig, 136
  • Mic Mailiduin, 137
  • Mic Donngaili, 138
  • Mic Anmcada, 139
  • Mic Eogain Buac, 140
  • Mic Cormaic, 141
  • Mic Cairpri, 142
  • Mic Feradaig, 143
  • Mic Luigeach
  • Mic Dallain,
  • Mic Bresail,
  • Mic Maine Moir,
  • Mic Eachach Fir da Giall,
  • Mic Domnaill,
  • Mic Imchada,
  • Mic Colla da Crich,
  • Mic Eachach Doimlen,
  • Mic Cairpri Lifechair,
  • Mic Cormaic,
  • Mic Airt,
  • Mic Cuind Ced-cathaig,
  • Mic Feidlimid Rechtmair,
  • Mic Tuathal Techtmair,
  • Mic Fiacha Findalaig,
  • Mic Feradaig Find Fechtnaig,
  • Mic Crimthaind Nia Nair,
  • Mic Lugaid Riab n-Derg.
 p.62

2. Nosa Ua Maine

Is iad so lucht cóimíicca 144 Chlainni Ceallaig: 145 h-I Duibgind, 146 ocus h-I Geibendaig, 147 ocus Mé Cathail, 148 ocus Meg Floind, 149 ocus Muinter Murchadan; 150 ocus Cland Aedagáan, 151 no cur druideadur re h-Ollamnacht an aird-righ. 152

Trian cuigid 153 a n-duthaid co bráth do bunad. Ocus trian cacha taisceada talman, dá fhuigter 154  p.64 a falach, no fudomain do na fianaib sin; ocus trian érca 155 cach éin fhir d'a muintir, da faicfigther d'aicmi in aird-rig.

Trian cach turchairthi da ticfad a cuanaib Connacht156 do'n chlainn maicni sin.

 p.66

Marasgalacht a shluaig ag na saer-clannaib o Charaid co Luimnech, 157 a Laignib, ocus a laech Mhumhain.

Sluaiged Erraig ocus Fodmair 158 d'anacal ar na h-aicmedaib sin, can comus a n-iarrata d'á n-aindeoin.

Ni fiada fear do'n chuiged 159 ar na fineadaib, acht mad Maineach eli d'á fhiadnugadh.

Mad faidi na caecais ar mís sluaiged Connacht, 160 comas teachta d'á tig ag na Mainechaib.

Gid mór líte do líter 161 do lucht gaidi orra, ni dlegaid acht aen fer, na ain-testa d'a shéna, no d'a suigiugadh.

Cach sochar 162 dá suidhighid leabair d'Airgiallaib, a leithéid d' O'Cellaig o Chonnachta.

Is iad so .vii. n-oirrigi 163 O Máine, .i. O Conaill, 164 ocus is inand dúchi do ocus do MáCnáimhíin165 ocus d' O Duburrla; 166 orriga na n-Anmchadach, 167  p.68 .i. Muintir Madadan: 168 Riga Maenmaigi, 169 .i. Muintir Nechtain, 170 ocus h-I Mailalaid. 171 Ocus ata tuarusdal o ri Erenn, gid ingnad, do rigaib O Fiachrach Finn172 sech rigaib O Maine.

 p.70

Na sé Sogain 173 co n-a trícha, ge bé aicmi acu d'á faemaid tigernus, as orrig re fead a thigernuis h-e, .i. Cinel Rechta, ocus Cenel  p.72 Trena, ocus Cenel Luchta, ocus Cenel Fergna, ocus Cenel n-Domangein, ocus Cenel n-Geigill: trí h-orra ar Sil Crimthainn Cháil, 174 dá orrig d'á shíl féin, ocus orrig do Shil Muireadaig. 175 Is iad so an triur sin, .i. h-I Mailruanaid, 176 ocus h-I Muroin, 177 ocus h-I Chathail. 178

 p.74

Rig an Chalaid, 179 o'n Móin Inraidech 180 co Cluain Tuaiscirt na Sinda, 181 .i. mac Gilliduib; 182 h-Ua Laegachain, no Laegog, 183 flaith na find tricha sin.

Seacht flaithi O Máine, 184 .i. Mac Eidigan, 185 flaith Clainni Diarmada; ocus Mac Gilli-Enan, 186 flaith Clainni Flaithemail, ocus p.76 Muindtir Chinaith, 187 ocus Flaith Clainni Breasail .i. Muinnter Domnallan, 188 ocus Flaith Clainni Duibgind, 189 .i. O Duibgind, ocus Ó Gabrán190 ar Dail n-Druithni, ocus Ó Docomlan191 ar Rinn na h-Eignidi ocus Ó Donnchada ar Aib Cormaic Maenmuigi; 192 O Mailbrigdi, 193 .i. flaith na Bredcha, an tuath as uaisli a n-Ib Maine.

Seacht prim-chomarbada 194 O Maine, .i. Comarba Cluana Ferta, 195 p.78 ocus Comarba Cilli Mian, 196 ocus Comarba Cilli Tulach, 197 Comarba Cilli Cumadan, 198 ocus Comarba Camcha Brigdi, 199 mar a m-baister popal O Maine ocus Comarba Cluana Tuaiscirt na Sinda, 200 d'ár ab dual rigad Sil Cellaig, 201 ocus Comarba Cluana Cain Cairill. 202

Baisded Sil Maine do Brigid, 203 ocus gen co beirter an baisded and, comus phingni baisdi da thabach ag a comarb o na h-aicmeadaib sin; ocus a roinn ar tri a muig: a trian di féin, ocus a trian do Druim Drestan, 204 ocus a trian do Cluain Emain. 205

 p.80

An sgreaball ongtha206 o gach Maineach do Cromthar Aed Anmchadach. 207

Adlucad Sil Cairpri Cruim208 do Chluain mic Nois, ocus do Chiaran; A chain do Chiaran, 'na (no d'á) chenn sin. Seacht m-baili deg d'fhearand t-saer a n-Ib Maine aigi. 209

Sgreball caethrech210 uatha do Grellan, edir mnai ocus fir, o h-Sil Maine.

A ceannus catha ag Grellan, .i. an Bachall Greallain, no a h-innsamail, a m-brataig rig O Maine. 211

 p.82

Seacht m-bruit ó'n banrigain do Cairig Deargan212 cacha bliadna, ocus pinginn o gach ingin Mainig, re cois cána Ciarain.

Cach cis do bo dual do na cineadaib si do thabairt do Padraig, asa beith o Glun Padraig213 co Glaisi Uair, 214 ag Cairill, ocus asin sair co Sinaind215 ag Greallan ocus ag Padraig.

Dear-thuatha O Máine re forgnam, 216 .i. Dealbna217 o Ath Liac co Succa, 218 mar a m-bruchtann as a tobar ag Sliabh Formaili. 219 Catraig Suca, o Thuaim Catraig220 uachtarach co Portaib Fidigi, 221 p.84 da cac taib do'n t-Suca; ocus Corco Moncho, 222 ocus Dal n-Druithni, 223 ocus fir Muigi Sein-chineol, 224 no cor' shuigigid saer-clanda225 ina n-inadaib d'a n-eisi; ocus Muintir Milcon; 226 ocus do fhedfaidís aird-riga O Maine meadugad císa ar na clann-maicnib sin; Muintir I Mailfhinnain227 tré na n-deoraigecht; ocus ataid bailti 228 nár p.86 airmimar d'Feraib Bolc is na crichaib sin re fognam do na flaithib, ocus fa lucht freasdail ocus fir duchais do rigaib O Maine. Cadanaig na Fead229 co n-a fineadaib, ocus iarsma Fear m-Bolg aes fedma duchusa O Maine.

An marasgalacht sluaig 230 d'O Conaill231 ocus do Mac Eidigain. 232 An taisigecht scuir 233 ag h-Ib Fiacrach Find, ocus ag Sil Sogain. 234

Cuid h-I Cheallaig do dóirrseoracht rig Connacht d'Ib Fiachrach Find. 235

Taisigecht allaid 236 h-I Conchobair a h-ucht h-I Chellaig ag Dail n-Druithni. 237

Roind an aird-rig can uireasbaid ag Ua Urain238 Cluana Ruis. 239

 p.88

A thaisigecht com-óil ag Ib Lomain. 240

An cul-choimed241 ag Clann Indrechtaig242 ocus ag Sil m-Brain ocus Aililla243 co n-a n-aicmedaib.

An taisigeacht eallaig 244 co n-a cornaib ocus co n-a fithchellaib, ocus co n-a failgib, co n-a h-ór ocus co n-a h-airged ag Clannaib Flaitheamhla. 245

Na h-airm ocus na h-eidig ag Clannaib Bresail, 246 ocus is leo comrag coitchend do fhregra tar cend O'Maine, re cach coiccrich coimigthig.

Tigernus cacha droingi bias ag digail easonorach h-Ua Maine do Sil Crimthain Cail, .i. do Crumthann, ocus do Clann Aedagan; 247 ocus as leo comus na cath do corugud, ocus dul a n-inad aird-rig is animreasain. Is a timcheall Shogain thimsaigid cach uili co h-imreasain, uair is iad as corp lathair catha do chach.

Re h-Aes m-Brengair248 rachtus 249 an aird-rig, ocus le h-Aib Draignen250 Aird na Cno251 coir na Clann-Maicne.

 p.90

Na conarta ag Crumthann. Cuid h-Ui Ceallaig do conartaib h-Ui Conchobair ag Ib Teimnein Muilind Glaisni. 252 A iarann for Aib Tuathaig253 Eachdroma, 254 ocus for Aib Baedain Badna. 255

Doirrseoracht an aird-rig ag Clannaib Indrechtaig ocus is le h-Aib Brain a bunadus.

A rigad ocus a aith-rigad a h-ucht h-Ua Maine ag Clannaib Diarmada, ocus ag Ib Cormaic Maenmuigi, ocus ag Muintir Mithigen256 .i. ocus comarbad Chluana Tuaiscirt.

A thaisigecht scuir ag Sogan. Le Cenel Aeda257 oilemain a each. Le deiscert Echtgi258 oilemain a chon. Le Dail n-Druithne imarchur a fhina o chaladaib an iarthair co h-isdagaib an aird-rig. Le h-Aib Docomlain259 denam a forgneama, iter tigib ocus taeb-chomach, a tri h-isdagaib uachtaracha an aird-rig. Le Bolg-Thuathaib Bagna denam a isdad is na portaib ichtaracha. Le trichaid ced an Chalaid a maeraigecht, edir chis ocus tabach.

A uagra catha ar Crumthann. A coindobrain, ocus a iascairecht p.92 do'n taib thuaid do Fhid Mónach. 260 Biathad a graidi ocus a comed ar Bolg-Thuath Echthgi. Gach uili opair rigus a leas ocus tidlaicfis beos a gabail o Cathraigi, 261 acht na curter as a tigernus iad.

A cro catha, ocus tairisi a taisceda ocus coimead a giall is in Bretaig. 262

A cruitiredha, .i. h-Ui Longargain263 o Baile na Banabai, 264 ocus a chornaireada o Lis na Cornairega, 265 .i. h-Ui Sídhachain. 266

A chongmhail 'na inad rig, ocus a chomairci for ri Caisil, uair is i slánaighecht rig Caisil congbus ri h-Ua Maine ó Shil Muireadaig. 267 Conad airi sin is geis do ri h-Ua Maine fogra catha ar Eoganacht. 268

Tuarustal rig Connacht re comháiremh do ri h-Ua Maine (uair is beg theid d'á chís ar chomhadhaibh), amhail adh rubhradh ann so:

  1. Dligid ri h-Ua Maine, an mal,
    Dech n-eich tar saebh srothaib sál,
    Dech n-goili re gnimh fergi ag fuin,
    Dech meirgi ocus .x. matail. Finit.

 p.25

Account of Hy-Many

1. Genealogy of the Hy-Many here,

Maine Mor, son of Eochaidh, Ferdaghiall, son of Domhnall, son of Imchadh, son of Colla da Crich, had one son, namely, Bresal. Bresal had five sons, namely, Fiachra Finn, Dallan, Conall, Creamthann, and Maine Mall, a quo h-Ui Maine Brengair. Dallan, son of Bresal, had three sons viz., Duach, Lughaidh, and Loman. Lughaidh had five sons, viz., two Eoghans, Cremthann Gael, Fearadhach, and Finnal Fathach, ut dixit poeta:

  1. Eoghan, Eoghan, Crimthann Cael,
    Noble was the race of brothers,
    Five sons of Lughaidh, the resolute,
    Feradhach, Finnall Fathach.

Fearaghach had three sons, viz., Cairpri Crom, Cairpri Mac Feithine, p.27 and Nadsluaigh a quo O'Finain. Cairpri Mac Feithine had four sons, viz., Brenainn Dall, Aedh Abla, Aedh Guairi, and Loithin. Brenainn Dall had eight sons, viz., Colman, Coman, Maelbracha, or Cronan, Garbhan, Toman, Amlaibh Amalgaidh, Maine and Flann.

1. The Clann Comain

Conall, son of Cormac, son of Ceithernach, son of Fogartach, son of Fearadhach, son of Eachtghal, son of Sechnasach, son of Congal, son of Eoghan, son of Coman, son of Brenainn Dall, son of Cairpri Fechine, son of Fearadhach, son of Lughaidh, son of Dallan, son of Bresal, son of Maine Mor.

2. The Clann Cremthainn

Murchatan, son of Sochlachan, son of Diarmait, son of Fergus, son of Murchadh, son of Dubh-da-Thuath, son of Daimin, son of Darnhdairi, son of Ailell, son of Coirbin, son of Aedh, son of Crimthann Cael, son of Lughaidh, son of Dallan, son of Breasal, son of Maine Mor.

3. Now Ua Nadsluaigh, i. e. O'Finain

Ailell, son of Finan, son of Cellach, son of Nadsluaigh, son of Fearadhach, son of Lughaidh, son of Dallan, son of Bresal, son of Maine Mor.

4. The Clann Cairpri Cruim

Cairpri Crom had one son, namely, Cormac. Cormac had two sons, viz., Eoghan Finn and Eoghan Buac. From Eoghan Finn, the p.29 Northern Ui Maine are descended, and from Eoghan Buac, the Southern Ui Maine.

Eoghan Finn had four sons, namely, Dicholla, Fithchellach, Maelanfaidh, Scannlan, and Scannall. From this Maelanfaidh O'Duibhginn is descended.

5. The Clann Cernaigh here

Connagan, son of Cernach, son of Ailell, son of Cernach, son of Coscrach, son of Fidhchellach, son of Dicholla, son of Eoghan Finn.

Cosgrach, son of Cernach, son of Ailell, had fourteen sons, who all died without issue except four, viz., Flaithemh, Cernach, Daithgeal, and Duibhinnracht. Dubhcailli, son of Lachtnan, son of Innrachtach, son of Flaithemh, son of Cosgrach, son of Cernach.

Loingsech, son of the son of Cormac, son of Ciardearg, son of Fidhgal, son of Flaithemh, son of Cosgrach.

These are the common surnames of the race of Cernach, viz., O'Finain, O'Laidhin, O'Lachtnain, O'Conbhuidhi, O'Ullscaidh, p.31 O'Ceinneididh, O'Dorchaidhi, O'Sidhachain, O'Furadhain, O'Cuilein, O'Crabhadhain.

6. The Clann Aedhagain

Maelisa, the Red, son of Saerbrethach, son of Flann, son of Gilla Suasanaigh, son of Saerbrethach, son of Muirchertach, son of Flann, son of Aedhagan, son of Goistin, son of Flaithemh, son of Flaithghil, son of Cosgrach, son of Fidhchellach.

Innrachtach, son of Dluthach, son of Oilell, son of Innrechtach, son of Dluthach, son of Fithchellach, son of Dicholla, son of Eoghan Finn, son of Cormac, son of Cairpri Crom.

Duibhginn, son of Feargal, son of Ailell, son of Conall, son of Ailell, son of Innrachtach.

Ceallach, son of Finnachta, son of Ailell, son of Innrachtach.

7. The Clann Flaitheamhail Mic Dluthaigh

Maelbrighdi, son of Innrachtach, son of Flaithnia, son of Flaitheamhail, son of Dluthach.

8. Ua Domhnaill

Domhnall, son of Donnchadh, son of Muirchertach, son of Flaithnia, son of Dluthach, son of Fidhcheallach, son of Dicholla.

 p.33

9. The Clann Bresail, a quo the O'Domhnallains

Domhnallan, son of Maelbrighdi, son of Grenan, son of Loingsech, son of Domhnallan, son of Bresal, son of Dluthach, son of Fithchellach, son of Dicholla, son of Eoghan Finn.

10. The Clann Fiachra Finn here

Fiachra Finn had four sons, viz., Amlaibh, Cairpri, Eochaidh, Seisgnia.

11. The Clann Amlaibh

Nechtaina, son of Maelcheir, son of Aengus, son of Tuathal, son of Maclaeich, son of Connalach, son of Amhalgaidh, son of Deinmnedhach, son of Dima, son of Laidginn, son of Maeluidhir, son of Aedh, son of Finntan, son of Amhlaibh, son of Fiachra Finn, son of Bresal, son of Maine Mor.

12. Genealogy of the O'Maeilalaidhs

Amlaibh, son of Gilla Christ, son of Domhnall, son of Ceinneididh, son of Domhnall, son of Maelfhalaidh, a quo O'Maelfhalaidh, son of Cucichi, son of Maeltuili, son of Maclaeich, son of Connalach.

Catt, son of Seisgnia, son of Fiachra Finn, when he slew Ailell, son of Fiachra Finn, went to Aedan Bruinni Luim, son of Fergus, son of Eoghan, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages: he was called Aedan Bruinni Luim, because his breast was bare from the edges of swords and arms; and Catt married Eadan, the p.35 daughter of Aedan, and she brought forth a son for him, viz., Ruadan Mac Caitt, from whom the Muinter Ruadhain are descended; and they remained in the vicinity of their grandfather, i. e. of Aedan, the son of Fergus, at a place called Cuil Aneirig.

13. Now the Sil Maelanfaidh.—Pedigree of O'Lomain

Ruaidhri, son of Coinnligan, son of Draighnen, son of Eochaidh, son of Connmach, son of Forbasach, son of Coidbeanach, son of Rechtagan, son of Odhran, son of Maelenaidh, son of Eochaidh, son of Ainmire, son of Aengus Loman, son of Dallan, son of Bresal, son of Maine Mor, a quo h-Ui Maine.

Aengus Loman, the son of Dallan, had five sons, viz., two Eoch-aidhs, Ainmire, Carrthach, and Fathach; ut poeta dixit:

  1. Eochaidh, Eochaidh, Ainmire,
    Carrthach, the beautiful, fair branch,
    A race of brothers I have enumerated
    And Fathach Finn were the sons of Aengus.

14. The Cinel Critain here

Flannagan, son of Meisgell, son of Bruagar, son of Finnachta, son of Cuclochair, son of Faelchu, son of Critan, son of Ainmire, son of Aengus Loman.

15. The Cinel Fathaidh here

Cormac, son of Maenach, son of Ailibar, son of Colum, son of Rechtamhail, son of Colman, son of Flann, son of Aengus, son of Uradhran, son of Fathadh, son of Aengus Loman.

 p.37

16. Pedigree of O'Lomain of Finnabhair here

Flann, son of Cinaeth, son of Donnghal, son of Eochaidh, son of Airmedhach, son of Congalach, son of Inndelbhaidh, son of Daithnennaigh, son of Crundan, son of Fergna, son of Aedh Senach, son of Eochaidh, son of Ainmire, son of Aengus Loman.

17. Pedigree of Hy-Cormaic oOf Maenmagh

Niall, son of Cerbhall, son of Maelcobha, son of Rudgus, son of Follachtach, son of Cucaissil, son of Fachtna, son of Lachtnan, son of Finntan Uallach, son of Siath, son of Cormac, son of Crimthann, son of Bresal, son of Maine Mor.

18. Pedigree of Hy-Duach

Duach, son of Dallan, son of Bresal, son of Maine Mor.

 p.39

19. Pedigree of Cinel Aedha

Cubaga, son of Cellach, son of Dungal, son of Congal, son of Cugusa, son of Ronan, son of Maelumha, son of Crimthann, son of Bresal, &c.

20. Pedigree of the Sil Anmchadha

Anmchadh, son of Eoghan Buacc, son of Cormac, son of Cairpri Crom, had three sons, viz., Donngalach, Fiangalach, and Forbasach. Maelduin, son of Donngalach, had two sons, viz., Cobhthach and Innrachtach. Gadhra, son of Dunadhach, son of Loingsech, son of Dunadhach, son of Cobhthach, son of Maelduin, son of Donngalach, son of Amnchadha.

Maelcothaigh, son of Donngalach, son of Anmchadh. Dunadhach, the son of Cobhthach, had two sons, viz., Loingsech and Draighnen, a quo h-Ua Draighnen, viz., Ceannfaeladh, son of Finn, son of Tresach, son of Draighnen, son of Dunadhach. Loingsech had five sons, viz., Gadhra, Gledra, Cinaeth, Curran, a quo h-Ua Churrain, and Flannchadh, a quo h-Ua Flannchadha. Echtighern was son of Gadhra, son of Loingsech. Ua Cinaeith descends from Cinaeth, son of Loingsech; O'Gledra from Gledra, son of Loingsech. From Donngalach, son of Anmchadh are descended Muintir Chobhthaigh p.41 and the h-Ui Donngalaigh. From Fiangalach, son of Anmchadh, are sprung Muinter Chonnagain, the Mac Cadhusaighs, the h-Ui Ainchine Mic Ceallaigh, h-Ua Bimnein Mic Muireadhaigh, h-Ua Tolairg Mic Neill, h-Ua Aithusa Mic Neill, h-Ua Brenainn, Muinter Chicharain, Muinter Rodaighi, Muinter Conghalaigh, and h-Ua Daigin.

Uallachan, son of Flann, son of Flannchadh, son of Innrachtach, son of Maelduin, son of Donngal, son of Anmchadh, son of Eoghan Buac. From this Uallachan are sprung the Mac Uallachans, i. e. the old chieftains of Sil Anmchadha, From Lorcan, son of Muron, son of Flann, son of Innrachtach, is descended Ua Dubhlaich. From Forbasach, son of Anmchadha, are descended Muinter Lorcain, the p.43 Mac Cellaighs, Ua Finnachtaigh, Ua Coscraidh, Ua Maenaigh, Ua Connachtain, Ua Canain, and Ua Maelduibh.

21. The Muinnter Chobhthaigh here, from whom are Ua Gadhra, i. e. Muinter Madadhain,

And Muinter Chinaith, and Muinter Tresaigh, and Muinter Laeghaire Mic Dunadhaigh, Ua Flannchadha, Ua Gledraigh, Ua Currain, Ua Aedha, Ua Cairten, and Ua Cuagain.

Of the race of Innrachtach, son of Maelduin, are Muinter Ruairc, the Mac Brains, the Mac Muroins, &c. Muinter Mailchada, of whom are Muinter Dubhlainn, Ua Flannchadha, &c., also Muinter Mailcroin, Mic Dungail, Muinter Arrachtain, Muinter Duibhgilla, and Muinter Conrui.

22. The Pedigree of O'Ceallaigh here

Domhnall Mor, son of Tadhg Taillten, son of Conchobhar of the Battle, son of Diarmaid, son of Tadhg, son of Murchadh, son of Conchobhar, p.45 son of Tadhg of the Battle of Brian, son of Murchadh, son of Aedh, son of Ceallach, son of Finnachta, son of Ailell, son of Innrechtach, son of Dluthach, son of Fidhcheallach, son of Dicholla, son of Eoghan Finn, son of Cormac, son of Cairpri Crom, son of Feradhach, son of Lughaidh, son of Dallan, son of Bresail, son of Maine Mor.

Aedh, son of Diarmaid, son of Tadhg of the Battle of Brian.

Tadhg Dubh, son of Aedh, son of Diarmaid.

23. The Race of Domhnall, Son of Tadhg Taillten, here

Domhnall Mor, the son of Tadhg Taillten, had six sons, viz., Conchobhar, Tadhg Finn of Magh Ruscach, Eoghan, Thomas the Bishop, Lochlainn, and Diarmaid. The daughter of Domhnall Mor O'Brien was the mother of these six sons, and her sister was the mother of Feidhlimidh, the son of Cathal Croibhdherg Charles the Redhanded O'Conor, and another sister of theirs was the mother of Rickard, son of William Finn, from whom are the Clann-Rickard.

Conchobhar, the son of Domhnall Mor, had a son Domhnall. Domhnall had five sons, viz., Gilbert, King of Hy-Many, David, Tadhg Mor of the Battle of Ath na Righ Athenry, and Conchobhar, King of Hy-Many, and Aedh. Only two of them were by the same mother, viz., Tadhg and Conchobhar, and their mother was Abis, the daughter of O'Flainn O'Flynn. The issue of Gilbert were, Diarmaid Mac Gilbert, King of Hy-Many, Thomas the Bishop, Domhnall Tuathach, Murchadh, Cormac, Brian, and David, who was the sinnsear i. e. the eldest son.

 p.47

The sons of Diarmaid Mac Gilbert were Conchobhar Cerrbhach, and John, who had the same mother; Maine, and Tadhg. Mor, the daughter of Aedh O'Conor, was the mother of this Tadhg. Conchobhar Cerrbhach had a son Conchobhar. Tadhg, the son of Diarmaid, son of Gilbert, had three sons, viz., William, Donnchadh, and John.

The sons of Thomas the Bishop, the son of Gilbert, were Maeileachlainn, Muirchertach, Thomas, Diarmaid, Murchadh, and Tomaltach.

The sons of Domhnall Tuathach, the son of Gilbert, were William, Ruaidhri, Cairpri, Brian, Robert, and Domhnall. Murchadh, son of Gilbert, had one son, David. Cormac, son of Gilbert, had two sons, viz., Murchadh and Thomas. David, son of Gilbert, had issue Brian, two Muirchertachs, Eoghan, Aedh, and Murchadh. Donnchadh, son of Gilbert, had one son, namely, Gilbert.

Tadhg of the Battle of Ath na Righ, the son of Domhnall, had three sons, viz., Donnchadh, Tadhg, and Conchobhar. Tadhg, had three sons, viz., Tadhg Og, Donnchadh Euadh, and a second Tadhg, surnamed Ruadh. Conchobhar, son of Tadhg, had three sons, viz., Ruaidhri, Eoghan, and Aedh.

Conchobhar, son of Domhnall, son of Conchobhar, son of Domhnall Mor, had three sons, viz., Domhnall, Maine, and Eoghan. Domhnall, son of Conchobhar, had two sons, viz., Muirchertach and William Ballach. Maine, son of Conchobhar, had three sons, viz., Murchadh, Donnchadh Ballach, and Maine. Eoghan, son of Conchobhar, had one son, Brian Mac Eoghain. Aedh, son of Domhnall, son of Conchobhar, son of Domhnall Mor, had two sons, viz., Philip and Siacus. So far the descendants of Domhnall, son of Conchobar.

Donnchadh Muimhnech, son of Conchobhar, son of Domhnall, had nine sons, viz., Muirchertach, Aedh, Mailechlainn, and Maine; their mother was the daughter of Mac Uighilin; his other sons were p.49 Tadhg and Conchobhar, who died without issue, Edmond, William and Domhnall Muimhnech. Duibhesa, the daughter of Maileachlainn, son of Donnchadh, son of Domhnall, son of Maghnus, son of Toirdhelbhach Mor O'Conchobhair, king of Ireland, was the mother of these sons. Aedh, son of Donnchadh Muimhnech, had five sons, viz., Muirchertach, Domhnall Mor, and Mathghamhain; Rose, the daughter of O'Madaghain, was the mother of these sons; Eoghan, John, and Thomas were the other sons.

Domhnall Mor, son of Aedh, had three sons, viz., Conchobhar, Domhnall, the Abbot, and Donnchadh Gall. Mathghamhain, the son of Aedh, had four sons, viz., Maeleachlainn, Aedh, Ruaidhri, and Eoghan. Maeleachlainn, son of Donnchadh Muimhnech, had six sons, viz., Diarmaid, the son of O'Mailalaidh's daughter, Brian, and Murchadh, the two sons of the daughter of O'Flannagain, Eochaidh, Cellach, and Donnchadh, the three sons of the daughter of O'Conchobhair, Eochaidh, son of Maileachlainn, had three sons, viz., Maileachlainn, Cairpri, and Diarmaid. Cellach had two sons, viz., Brian and Donnchadh. Donnchadh, son of Maileachlainn, had two sons, viz., John and Domhnall.

24. The Descendants of Maine here

Maine, son of Donnchadh, had three sons, viz., Philip, Tadhg, and Eoghan. Philip had many sons, viz., Maine, Donnchadh, Muirchertach the Bishop, Diarmaid Cleirech, and Aedh. Edmond, son of Domhnall Muimhnech, had three sons, viz., Edmond Og, William, and Tadhg. Tadhg had a son Brian.

25. The Descendants of William, Son of Donnchadh, here

Maeleachlainn, the son of William (his mother was the daughter p.51 of O'Grady), William Og, Tadhg, and Aedh Buidhe, were the sons of William. Maeleachlainn had many sons, viz., Ruaidhri, Brian, Conchobhar (the daughter of Walter Burke was the mother of these three), Aedh, Feradhach, Tadhg, Donnchadh, Domhnall, William, and Edmond. Finnguala, daughter of Toirrdelbhach O'Conchobhair, was the mother of these sons. Muirchertach, son of William, son of Donnchadh Muimhnech, had one son, namely, Domhnall. These were the sons of Conchobhar, the son of Domhnall Mor, viz., Domhnall O'Ceallaigh, Donnchadh Muimhnech, &c. Maine Mor, Murchadh, Cathal, Cairpri the Friar, Mauris, and Nichol. The daughter of O'Heighin O'Heyne was the mother of Domhnall and Murchadh; the daughter of O'Lochlainn was the mother of Donnchadh Muimhnech and Maine; and the daughter of Mac Conmara Mac Namara was the mother of Cathal, Cairpri, and Maurice. Maine was the son of Diarmaid, son of Tadhg, son of Maine Mor. Maeleachlainn, son of Cormac, son of Murchadh, son of Conchobhar, son of Domhnall Mor, had two sons, viz., Siacus and Cormac, and a third son Diarmaid. Siacus had three sons, viz., John, Mailechlainn the Cleric, and Tadhg. Cathal, son of Conchobhar, son of Domhnall Mor, had three sons, viz., Cairpri, who died without issue, Maeleachlainn and William. Maeleachlainn had good sons, viz., Conchobhar, Cairpri, and Maine the Cleric; the daughter of O'Madaghain was the mother of these three; he had another son Aedh. William, son of Cathal, son of Conchobhar, had five sons, viz., John, Magnus, Diarmaid, Lochlainn, Diarmaid, and Siacus; the daughter of Mac Oirechtaigh Geraghty was the mother of these sons. Muirchertach was another son of his. Maeleachlainn was the son of Conchobhar, son of Maeleachlainn, son of Cathal. The sons of Eoghan, son of Domhnall, were Mathgamhain, Donnchadh Mor, Brian, Cairpri, and Domhnall the Cleric. Mathghamhain had three sons, viz., Philip, Ruaidhri, Conchobhar. The daughter of Mac Cochlain was the mother of these p.53 three. Philip had four sons, viz., Cairpri, Murchadh, Cathal, and Maeleachlainn. Mathghamhain, son of Murchadh, son of Philip, son of Mathghamhain. Ruaidhri had seven sons, viz., Donnchadh, Domhnall, Mathghamhain, Tadhg, Conchobhar, Brian, and Diarmaid. Mor, the daughter of William Liath Burke, was the mother of Donnchadh. The daughter of O'Conchobhair Failghi was the mother of Domhnall and of Ruaidhri, the son of Lochlainn, from whom the Clann Lochlainn Ruaidh are descended. Maelruanaidh Mac Ruaidhri was the eighth son. Domhnall, the son of Ruaidhri, had one son, namely, Tadhg. Eoghan was son of Ruaidhri, son of Donnchadh. William, the son of Donnchadh, son of Ruaidhri. Maelruanaidh, son of Ruaidhri, had one son, namely, John. Brian, son of Ruaidhri, had three sons, viz., Maghnus, Muirchertach, and Conchobhar. Cormac, son of Cairpri, son of Eoghan, had a son who was prior of Cluain Tuaiscirt. The sons of Conchobhar, son of Mathghamhain, son of Eoghan. He had four sons, viz., Eochaidh, Domhnall, Philip, and Maghnus. Philip had a son Conchobhar. The sons of Donnchadh Mor, son of Eoghan, were Conchobhar, Eoghan, Maeleachlainn Dubh, and Aedh. Donnchadh and Conchobhar Odhur were the sons of Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh. The sons of Donnchadh, the son of Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh Mor, were Maine, Murchadh, Muirchertach the Cleric, and Domhnall Glas. The sons of Brian, son of Eoghan, were Donncuan, Brian, and Murchadh. Donncuan had two sons, namely, Aedh and Thomas. Maine was son of Siacus, son of Brian, son of Brian, son of Eoghan. Domhnall, son of Siacus. Tadhg, son of Murchadh, son of Eoghan, had three sons, viz., Lochlainn, Domhnall, and Siacus. John and Cormac were the two sons of Cairpri, son of Eoghan. p.55 Domhnall the Cleric, son of Eoghan, had three sons, viz., William, Philip Cas, and Eoghan. The sons of William, son of Domhnall the Cleric, were Muirchertach, David, Diarmaid, and Conchobhar Cluasach. The sons of Philip Cas were Tadhg, Aedh, Maeleachlainn, and the Blind Man. The sons of Tadhg, son of Philip, were Thomas, Muirchertach, Donnchadh, and Diarmaid. The sons of Maeleachlainn, son of Philip Cas, were Maghnus, Conchobhar Riabhach, John Dubh, and Domhnall. Tadhg Finn, of Magh Ruscach, son of Domhnall Mor, son of Tadhg Taillten, had two sons, namely, Cathal and Diarmaid. Cathal had three sons, viz., Tomaltach, Aedh, and Maeleachlainn. Murchadh was son of Maeleachlainn, son of Cathal, son of Tadhg Finn. Diarmaid, son of Tadhg Finn, had two sons, viz., Art Ruadh and Tadhg Direch. Art Ruadh had two sons, viz., Tomaltach and Maghnus. Tadhg Direch had two sons, viz., Mathghamhain and Donnchadh. Diarmaid and Conchobhar were the two sons of Aedh, son of Cathal, son of Tadhg Finn.

Tadhg Mac Maileachlainn, Ruaidhri, and Murchadh were the sons of Maeleachlainn, son of Cathal, son of Tadhg Finn.

The sons of Lochlainn, son of Domhnall Mor, were Aedh Maghnus, Simon the Cleric, Tadhg, two Domhnalls, and Cairpri. The sons of Lochlainn, son of Aedh, son of Lochlainn Mor, were Ruaidhri, Lochlainn Og, Maine, Tadhg Dubh, and Murchadh Ruadh. Ruaidhri, son of Lochlainn, had three sons, viz., Donnchadh, Domhnall, and Conchobhar. Lochlainn Og had two sons, viz., Donnchadh and Maeleachlainn. Donnchadh, son of Aedh, son of Lochlainn, had one son, namely, Tadhg. Domhnall was son of Aedh, son of Lochlainn. Cairpri was son of Aedh, son of Lochlainn. Maghnus, son of Lochlainn, son of Domhnall Mor, had two sons, viz., Tadhg and Domhnall. Domhnall had one son, namely, Maghnus. Tadhg had one son, namely, Conchobhar. The sons of Simon, son of Lochlainn, son of Domhnall Mor, were Brian, John, William, Cathal, Diarmaid, Tomaltach, p.57 and Thomas Ruadh. The sons of Diarmaid, son of Domhnall Mor, son of Tadhg Taillten, were Eochaidh and Donnchadh. Nichol was son of Thomas, son of Eochaidh, son of Diarmaid, son of Domhnall Mor. The sons of Thomas, son of Domhnall Mor, were Siacus and John. Tadhg was the son of Siacus, son of Thomas, the Bishop, son of Domhnall Mor.

26. Pedigree of O Ceallaigh here

  • Tadhg,
  • Son of Maeleachlainn,
  • Son of William,
  • Son of Donnchadh Muimhnech,
  • Son of Conchobhar,
  • Son of Domhnall,
  • Son of Tadhg Taillten,
  • Son of Conchobhar of the Battle,
  • Son of Diarmaid,
  • Son of Conchobhar,
  • Son of Tadhg of the Battle of Brian,
  • Son of Murchadh,
  • Son of Aedh,
  • Son of Ceallach,
  • Son of Finnachtach,
  • Son of Ailell,
  • Son of Finnrachtach,
  • Son of Fidhchellach,
  • Son of Dluthach,
  • Son of Dicholla,
  • Son of Eoghan Finn,
  • Son of Cormac,
  • Son of Cairpri Crom,
  • Son of Feradhach,
  • Son of Lughaidh,
  • Son of Dallan,
  • Son of Bresal,
  • Son of Maine Mor,
  • Son of Eochaidh Ferdaghiall,
  • Son of Domhnall,
  • Son of Imchadh,
  • Son of Colla da Crich,
  • Son of Eochaidh Doimhlen,
  • Son of Cairpri Lifechair,
  • Son of Cormac Ulfhada,
  • Son of Art Aeinfhir,
  • Son of Conn of the Hundred Battles.

27. Pedigree of O Madaghain

  • Murchadh,
  • Son of Eoghan,
  • Son of Murchadh,
  • Son of Cathal,
  • Son of Madaghan Mor,
  • Son of Diarmaid,
  • Son of Dunadhach,
  •  p.59
  • Son of Gadhra,
  • Son of Dunadhach,
  • Son of Cobhthach,
  • Son of Maelduin,
  • Son of Donngal,
  • Son of Anmchadh,
  • Son of Eoghan Buac,
  • Son of Cormac,
  • Son of Cairpri,
  • Son of Feradhach,
  • Son of Lughaidh,
  • Son of Dallan,
  • Son of Bresal,
  • Son of Maine Mor.
  • Son of Eochaidh Ferdaghiall,
  • Son of Domhnall,
  • Son of Imchadh,
  • Son of Colla da Crich,
  • Son of Eochaidh Doimlein,
  • Son of Cairpri Lifechair,
  • Son of Cormac,
  • Son of Art,
  • Son of Conn Ced-cathach,
  • Son of Feidhlimidh Rechtmhar,
  • Son of Tuathal Techtmhar,
  • Son of Fiacha Finnalaigh,
  • Son of Feradhach Finnfechtnach,
  • Son of Crimhthann Nianar,
  • Son of Lughaidh Riabh n-Derg.
 p.63

2. Customs of Hy-Many

These are the tributaries of the Clann Ceallaigh: the O'Duibhginns, the O'Geibhennaighs, the Mac Cathails, the Mac Floinns, Muinter Murchadhan; and the Clann Aedhagain until they became Ollamhs to the arch-chief.

The third part of the province is to be their patrimonial country for ever. And the third part of every treasure p.65 found hidden or buried in the depths of the earth is to be given to these tribes; and the third part of the eric for every man of their people that is killed is to be given to the family of the arch-king.

The third part of every treasure thrown by the sea into the harbours of Connaught is to be given to that tribe.

 p.67

The marshallship of the forces of all Hy-Many, from Caradh to Luimnech, on all expeditions into Leinster, and into heroic Munster, belongs to the noble tribes.

These tribes are freed from the hostings of Spring and Autumn, and there is no power to ask them against their will.

No man of the province is to be taken as witness against these tribes, but another Hy-Manian is to bear witness.

If the hosting of Connaught should remain longer than a fortnight and a month, the Manians have liberty to return home.

However great may be the accusation brought against them by dishonest people, only one man or one witness is required to deny it or prove it against the other party.

Every privilege which books mention to be allowed to the Oirghialla, the same is given to O'Kelly by the Connacians.

These are the seven oirrighi i.e. sub-chiefs of Hy-Many, viz., O'Conaill, and he has the same patrimony as Mac Cnaimhin and p.69 O'Dubhurrla. The chiefs of the Sil Anmchadha are the O'Madudhains. The kings of Maenmagh are Muintir Neachtain and p.71 the O'Maeilallaidhs. And the king of Erin, strange to say, gives a subsidy to the chiefs of the Hy-Fiachrach Finn, more than [or in preference to] the king of Hy-Many.

The six Soghans with their cantred: to whomsoever of them they cede the chieftainship, he is called Orrigh during his reign.

 p.73

These are the Cinel Rechta, the Cinel Trena, the Cinel Luchta, the Cinel Fergna, the Cinel Domaingen, the Cinel Geigill. There are three Orrighs i.e. sub-chiefs over the Race of Crimhthann Cael, viz., two Orrighs of his own race, and two of the Sil-Muireadhaigh.

These are the three, viz., the O'Mailruanaidhs, the O'Muroins, and the O'Cathails.

 p.75

The king of Caladh, which extends from Moin Inraidech to Cluain Tuaiscirt of the Shannon, is Mac Gilliduibh, O'Laeghachain, or O'Laeghog, are the flaiths i.e. chieftains of that fair cantred.

The seven flaiths of Hy-Many are these, viz., Mac Eidhigan, chief of Claim Diarmada; Mac Gilli-Enan and Muinter Chinaith are p.77 chiefs of Clann Flaitheamhail; Muinter Domhnallain, chief of Clann Breasail; O'Duibhginn, chief of Clann Duibhginn; O'Gabhrain of Dal n-Druithne; O'Docomhlan of Rinn na h-Eignide; O'Donnchadha of Aibh Cormaic Maenmuighe; and O'Mailbrighdi is chief of Bredach, the noblest cantred in Hy-Many.

There are seven principal Comharbas in Hy-Many, viz., the p.79 Comharba of Cluain Fearta, the Comharba of Cill Mian, the Comharba of Cill Tulach, the Comharba of Cill Cumadan, the Comharba of Camach Brighdi, where the people of Hy-Many are baptized, the Comharba of Cluain Tuaiscirt of the Shannon, in whom it is hereditary to inaugurate the chiefs of the race of Cellach; and the Comharba of Cluain Cain Cairill.

St. Bridget has the baptism of the race of Maine, and although the baptism may not be brought thither, i. e. to her church the comharba has the power of collecting the baptismal penny from these tribes; and it i.e. the money thus obtained is divided into three parts, of which one-third part is given to herself, i. e. to her Comharba, one-third to Druim Drestan, and one-third to Cluain Emhain.

 p.81

Cromthar Aedh of Sil Anmchadha, has a sgreaball ongtha from every Hy-Manian.

The burial of the race of Cairpri Crom belongs to Clonmacnoise and St. Ciaran, for which a tribute is paid to St. Ciaran; he has seventeen townlands of free land in Hy-Many.

The race of Maine, both women and men, pay a sgreaball caethrach to St. Grellan.

St. Grellan presides over their battles, i. e. the crozier of St. Grellan, or some such, is borne in the standard of the king of Hy-Many.

 p.83

Seven garments are given by the queen to St. Cairech Dergain yearly, and a penny by every Hy-Manian daughter along with the tribute of St. Ciaran.

Every tribute which these tribes were bound to give to St. Patrick in the district which extends from Glun-Phadruig to Glaisi Uair, now belongs to St. Cairell; and thence eastwards to the Sinainn, belongs to St. Grellan and St. Patrick.

The enslaved tribes of Hy-Many for servitude are these, viz. the Dealbhna from Ath Liag, to where the River Suca i.e. Suck springs from the well in Sliabh Formaili. The Cathraigh of the Suca p.85 extending from Upper Tuaim Cathraigh to Porta Fidigi, on both sides of the Suca; also the Corco Moncho and Dal n-Druithni, and the men of Magh Sen-chineoil, until noble tribes were planted in their places after them; and also Muinter Milcon. And the arch-chiefs of Hy-Many had the power to increase the rents on those tribes ad libitum. Also the family of the O'Mailfinnains, p.87 on account of their exile. There are also townlands which we have not mentioned of the Firbolgs in those districts who are bound to serve the chiefs, and who are serfs and hereditary followers of the kings of Hy-Maine. The Cadanachs of the Feadha, with their tribes, and the remnants of the Fir Bolgs, are the hereditary servitors of Hy-Maine.

O'Conaill and Mac Eidhigan have the marshallship of the forces, and the Hy-Fiachrach Finn and the race of Soghan have the office of taisigheacht scuir.

O'Kelly's part of the office of door-keeper to the king of Connaught belongs to the Hy-Fiachrach Finn.

The taisigheacht allaidh of O'Conor king of Connaught belongs to the Dail Druithni, at the recommendation of O'Kelly.

The office of distributor butler to the arch-chief, without limitation, belongs to O'h-Uroin, of Cluain Ruis.

 p.89

The superintendence of his banquets belongs to O'Lomain.

The office of Cul-choimed belongs to the Clann Indrechtaigh, and to the races of Bran and Ailil with their adherents.

The taisighecht eallaigh, together with the keeping of the cups, chess-boards, rings, gold and silver, belongs to the Clann-Flaitheamhla.

The arms and the dresses are with the Clann Bresail, and it is theirs to respond for Hy-Maine to every general challenge of combat from strange territories.

The headship of every people who revenge the insults of Hy-Maine belongs to the race of Crimthann Cael, i. e. to the Crumthanns and the Clann Aedhagain, and theirs is the privilege to array the battalions and go in the place of the arch-chief in the conflict. It is around the Soghans all assemble to the conflict, for they are the body i. e. phalanx of every battle-field to all.

To the Aes Brengair belongs the stewardship of the arch-chief, and it is the office of the Hy-Draighnen of Ard na Cno to distribute justice to the tribes.

 p.91

The hounds are with the Crumhthanns Cruffons. O'Kelly's part of O'Conor's hounds are with the Hy-Teimnein of Muilenn Glaisni. His iron is with the Hy-Tuathaigh, of Echdhruim, and the Hy-Baedain, of Badhna.

The office of door-keeper to the arch-chief belongs to the Clann Indreachtaigh; the Hy-Brain had it at first.

The inauguration and dethroning of the arch-chief at the instance of the Hy-Maine, belong to the Clann Diarmada, to the Hy-Cormaic of Maenmagh, and to the family of Mithighen, Comharbas of Cluain Tuaiscirt.

The Soghans have taisigheach scuir i. e. superintendence of the horse. The Cinel-Aedha have the rearing of his horses. The inhabitants of the southern part of Echtghe have the rearing of his hounds. The Dal Druithne have the carrying of the wine from the harbours of the west of Connaught to the seats of the arch-chief. The Hy-Docomhlann have the erection of the edifices, both houses and out-houses, at the three upper habitations of the arch-chief. The Bolgic tribes of Badhna i.e. Slieve Baun have the building of his edifices at the lower seats. The Cantred of Caladh have his stewardship both of rent and exactions.

The Crumhthanns have the proclamation of his battles. The p.93 inhabitants of the northern part of Fidh-Monach have his otters and fishing. The Bolgic tribe of Echtghe i.e. Slieve Aughty have the feeding and keeping of his stud. Every work he requires or commits to them is to be executed by the Cathraighi, so as that they are not deprived of their lordship.

His implements of battle, the keeping of his treasures, and the keeping of his hostages, are in Bredach.

His harpers are the O'Longargains, of Baile na Banabai, and his cornairedha i.e. trumpeters are the family of Lis na Cornaireagha, that is, the O'Sidheachains.

He is to be maintained in his kingly place and protected by the king of Cashel, for it is the guarantee of the king of Cashel that keeps the king of Hy-Maine from being overwhelmed by the Sil-Muireadhaigh. Wherefore the king of Hy-Maine is under a solemn injunction not to wage war on the Eoghanachts.

The subsidy of the king of Connaught to be reckoned out to the king of Hy-Maine,—(and it is little of his tribute goes in gifts),— is as follows here, as was said in these lines:

  1. The king of Hy-Maine, the hero, is entitled
    To ten steeds, which came across the boisterous brine,
    To ten foreigners ready at deed of anger,
    Ten standards and ten mantles.

Finit.

Document details

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Title statement

Title (uniform): The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, commonly called O'Kelly's Country

Author: unknown

Editor: John O'Donovan

Responsibility statement

Electronic edition compiled by: Beatrix Färber and Benjamin Hazard

Edition statement

3. Third draft.

Extent: 32900 words

Publication statement

Publisher: CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts: a project of University College, Cork

Address: College Road, Cork, Ireland—http://www.ucc.ie/celt

Date: 2004

Date: 2010

Date: 2011

Distributor: CELT online at University College, Cork, Ireland.

CELT document ID: G105007

Availability: Available with prior consent of the CELT programme for purposes of academic research and teaching only.

Source description

Manuscript Sources

  • Dublin, Royal Irish Academy MS 535, olim 23 P 2 olim Book of Lecan, ff. 90–92. For further details see Kathleen Mulchrone, T. F. O'Rahilly et al. (eds.), Catalogue of Irish Manuscripts in the Royal Irish Academy (Dublin 1926–70) fasc. 13, 1551–1610. This vellum MS was complied for Giolla Iosa Mór Mhic Fhir Bhisigh before his death in A.D. 1418. Digital images of the Book of Lecan can be viewed on the website of the ISOS Project (http://www.isos.dias.ie/english/index.html).

Internet Resources

  1. A PDF version of O'Donovan's Miscellany is available at http://www.archive.org.
  2. The LOCUS Project, UCC (http://www.ucc.ie/locus/).
  3. Hogan's Onomasticum online (http://publish.ucc.ie/doi/locus).
  4. http://www.logainm.ie (the website of the Irish Placenames Commission).
  5. Dr Katherine Simms's Bardic Poetry Database hosted on the DIAS website (http://bardic.celt.dias.ie/).

Editions and translations

  1. John O'Donovan (ed. and trans.), The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, commonly called O'Kelly's Country, from the Book of Lecan with translation and notes and a map of Hy-Many (Dublin 1843; reprinted by Tower Books, Cork 1976; reprinted by Irish Genealogical Foundation, Kansas City, Missouri, c. 1992).
  2. Kathleen Mulchrone (ed.), The Book of Lecan, Leabhar Mór Mhic Fhir Bhisigh Leacain: Facsimiles in Collotype of Irish Manuscripts II, being a collection of pieces (prose and verse) in the Irish language, in part compiled in the early fourteenth century with a descriptive introduction and indexes (Dublin 1937).

Literature: The Uí Maine and the Book of Uí Maine

  1. R. A. S. Macalister (ed.), The Book of Uí Maine, otherwise called The Book of the O'Kelly's, with a descriptive introduction and indexes (Dublin 1942).
  2. J. V. Kelleher, 'Uí Maine in the annals and genealogies to 1225 [Pt.1]', Celtica 9 (1971) 61–112.
  3. William O'Sullivan, 'The book of Uí Maine, formerly the book of Ó Dubhágain: scripts and structure', Éigse 23 (1989) 150–166.
  4. Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, 'Nósa Ua Maine: fact or fiction?', in: Thomas Charles-Edwards, Thomas Mowbray, Morfydd E.Owen, Paul Russell (eds.), The Welsh king and his court (Cardiff: University of Wales Press on behalf of the History and Law Committee of the Board of Celtic Studies, 2000) 362–381.
  5. Paul Russell, 'Nósa Ua Maine: the customs of the Uí Mhaine', in: Thomas Charles-Edwards, Thomas Mowbray, Morfydd E.Owen, Paul Russell (eds.), The Welsh king and his court (Cardiff: University of Wales Press on behalf of the History and Law Committee of the Board of Celtic Studies, 2000) 527–551.

Literature: History, Genealogy and medieval society in Ireland

  1. Roderic O'Flaherty, A chorographical description of West or h-Iar Connaught, written A.D. 1684; ed. J. Hardiman (Dublin 1846).
  2. Roderic O'Flaherty, Ogygia seu, Rerum Hibernicarum chronologia: Ex pervetustis monumentis fideliter inter se collatis eruta, atque e sacris ac prophanis literis primarum orbis gentium tam genealogicis, quam chronologicis sufflaminata praesidiis. (...) (London 1685). (An English translation by the Reverend James Hely was published in Dublin 1793).
  3. John O'Donovan (ed.), The Genealogies, Tribes and Customs of Hy-Fiachrach (Dublin 1844).
  4. Eoin Mac Neill (=John Mac Neill), Early Irish population-groups: their nomenclature, classification, and chronology, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (C), 29, (1911–12) 59–114.
  5. Kuno Meyer (ed.), 'The Laud genealogies and tribal histories', Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 8 (1912) 292–338, 418–19 (corrigenda) [from Laud Misc. 610].
  6. Toirdhealbhach Ó Raithbheartaigh (ed.), Genealogical tracts: being a collection of excerpts in the Book of Lecan (Dublin 1932).
  7. T. F. O'Rahilly, Early Irish History and Mythology (Dublin 1946).
  8. John V. Kelleher, 'The pre-Norman Irish genealogies', Irish Historical Studies 16 (1968) 138–153.
  9. Francis John Byrne, Tribes and tribalism in early Ireland, Ériu 22 (1971) 128–166.
  10. Gearóid Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings (Dublin 1972).
  11. Kenneth W. Nicholls, Gaelic and gaelicised Ireland in the Middle Ages (Dublin 1972, new edition 2003).
  12. Francis John Byrne, Irish kings and high-kings (New York 1973, second edition Dublin 2001).
  13. Francis John Byrne, 'Senchas: the nature of Gaelic historical tradition', in John Barry (ed.), Historical Studies 9 (Belfast 1974), 137–159.
  14. David N. Dumville, 'Kingship, genealogies, and regnal lists', in: P. H. Sawyer & I. N. Wood (eds.), Early medieval kingship (Leeds 1977) 72–104.
  15. Donnchadh Ó Corráin, An chléir agus leann dúchais anallód: an ginealas, Léachtaí Cholm Cille 16 (1986) 71–86.
  16. John Bradley (ed.), Settlement and society in medieval Ireland: studies presented to F. X. Martin (Dublin 1988).
  17. Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, Early medieval Ireland: 400–1200 (Dublin 1995).
  18. Gerard Moran and Raymond Gillespie (eds.), Galway history and society: interdisciplinary essays on the history of an Irish county (Dublin 1996).
  19. Donnchadh Ó Corráin, 'Creating the past: the early Irish genealogical tradition', Peritia 12 (1998) 177–208.
  20. Alfred P. Smyth (ed.), Seanchas: studies in early and medieval Irish archaeology, history and literature in honour of Francis J. Byrne (Dublin 2000).
  21. Patrick J. Duffy, David Edwards, and Elizabeth FitzPatrick (eds.), Gaelic Ireland, c.1250–c.1650: land, lordship, and settlement (Dublin 2001).
  22. Donnchadh Ó Corráin, 'Prehistoric and Early Christian Ireland', in Roy Foster (ed.), The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland (Oxford 2001) 1–52.
  23. Paul MacCotter, Medieval Ireland: territorial, political and economic divisions (Dublin 2008).
  24. Michael Herity, 'Whitley Stokes's correspondence with John O'Donovan, 1857–1861', Studia Hibernica, 36 (2009–2010) 9–89.

Literature: John O'Donovan and the Ordnance Survey

  1. Patricia Boyne, John O'Donovan (1806–1861): a biography (Kilkenny 1987).
  2. H. Richardson (ed.), Ordnance survey memoirs for the parishes of Desertmartin and Kilcronaghan 1836-1837 (Magherafelt 1986).
  3. Michael Herity (ed.), Ordnance Survey letters: letters containing information relative to antiquities collected during the progress of the Ordnance Survey [by John O'Donovan, Eugene Curry, Thomas O'Connor, Patrick O'Keeffe and others], with an Introduction and prefatory matter (Dublin 2001-).
  4. Gillian M. Doherty, The Irish Ordnance Survey: History, culture and Memory. Dublin 2004.

The edition used in the digital edition

O’Donovan, John, ed. (1843). The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, commonly called O’Kelly’s Country‍. 1st ed. Dublin: Irish Archaeological Society, , UNKNOWN = measure.

You can add this reference to your bibliographic database by copying or downloading the following:

@book{G105007,
  title 	 = {The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, commonly called O'Kelly's Country},
  editor 	 = {John O'Donovan},
  edition 	 = {1},
  pages 	 = {,
  UNKNOWN 	 = {measure}},
  publisher 	 = {Irish Archaeological Society},
  address 	 = {Dublin},
  date 	 = {1843}
}

 G105007.bib

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The electronic edition represents Introduction (pp 1–21) and main body (pp 24–92) of the text. The Irish text is on the even pages, with facing English translation on the odd pages. The translation is appended. The extensive textual notes are included and tagged note type="auth" n="". They are also included in the wordcount above. The editor's appendix is omitted. A map included in the printed edition is at various points mentioned by O'Donovan.

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Profile description

Creation: 900–1200 [Irish text]

Date: 1842 [translation]

Language usage

  • The text is in Middle Irish. (ga)
  • Some words are in Latin. (la)
  • Introduction, translation and footnotes are in English. (en)

Keywords: genealogy; Ui Mhaine; O'Kellys; prose; medieval

Revision description

(Most recent first)

  1. Pre-1997: Text captured by scanning and file proofed (1). (text capture Staff of the CURIA project)
  2. 2014-04-23: Item added to bibliographic details. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
  3. 2011-10-14: Additions made to bibliographic details and minor changes to header; new wordcount made. Encoding improved. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
  4. 2010-04-10: Conversion script run; header updated; new wordcount made; encoding of personal and group names in Introduction improved and updated. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
  5. 2008-09-29: Keywords added; file validated. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
  6. 2008-07-27: Value of div0 "type" attribute modified, content of 'langUsage' revised; minor modifications made to header. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
  7. 2005-08-25: Normalised language codes and edited langUsage for XML conversion (ed. Julianne Nyhan)
  8. 2005-08-04T15:34:28+0100: Converted to XML (ed. Peter Flynn)
  9. 2004-06-24: Divisions restructured; all footnotes numbered, introduction and footnotes proofed (2), main part proofed (3), quotations, names, places and terms marked up; content markup extended; additions to bibliography; HTML file created. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
  10. 2004-05-26: Introduction proofed; structural and content markup added; file parsed. (ed. Benjamin Hazard)
  11. 2004-05-24: Footnotes numbered; Latin and English parts marked up; minor changes to header. (ed. Beatrix Färber)
  12. 2004-05-20: File proofed (2); structural and content markup applied to text; header created; bibliography compiled; file parsed. (ed. Benjamin Hazard)
  13. 2004-05-07: Additional text captured by scanning. (text capture Benjamin Hazard)

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  1. Now Clontuskert Abbey, near Lanesborough, in the county of Roscommon. In more recent times this was a part of Cinel Dobhtha, or O'Hanly's country. 🢀

  2. Now Erinagh, near Clontuskert.—See Map. 🢀

  3. Now St. John's, or Randown on the Shannon, barony of Athlone. 🢀

  4. Rinn Cleathchair was the ancient name of a very remarkable point of land running into Lough Ree, in the parish of Kiltoom, barony of Athlone, and county Roscommon. It is now popularly called Yew Point. 🢀

  5. Now Anglicised Athlone, a well known town on the Shannon. 🢀

  6. Snamh da en, called in the Book of Armagh, vadum duorum avium, was the ancient name of that part of the Shannon lying between Clonmacnoise, in the King's county, and Clonburren, in the county of Roscommon.—See Buile Shuibhne, and MS. in Trinity College Library, H. 2. 16. p. 871. 🢀

  7. Mentioned in the Annals of the Four Masters, at the year 1547, as a ford on the Shannon, was the ancient name of a ford on that river at the place now called Shannon Harbour. 🢀

  8. Lusmagh is so called at this day, and is the name of a parish in the barony of Garrycastle and King's county, which, though lying on the east side of the Shannon, is still a part of the diocese of Clonfert. It appears also from an inquisition taken at Galway, on the 11th of August, 1607, before Sir Anthony St. Leger, Knight, Master of the Rolls, that this parish was then considered a part of the county of Galway. 🢀

  9. Generally called Loch Deirgdheirc, in the best Irish authorities; it is now called Lough Derg, and sometimes Lough Dergart, and is a large and beautiful lake formed by an expansion of the Shannon, between Portumna and Killaloe. 🢀

  10. Grian is the name of a river which rises on the confines of the counties of Clare and Galway, and falls into Lough Greine, in the parish of Feakle, barony of Upper Tullagh, and county of Clare, whence it issues, and flowing in a S.E. direction, passes through Lough O'Grady, and through the village of Scarriff, and disembogues itself into an arm of Lough Derg, near the old church of Moynoe. 🢀

  11. The name of an old castle and ancient earthern mound in the parish of Killogilleen, barony of Dunkellin, and the county of Galway. 🢀

  12. i.e. the ford of the kings, now Athenry, an ancient walled town in the county of Galway, eleven miles east of the town of Galway. 🢀

  13. Now Uman, a townland in the parish of Killererin, in the barony of Clare, and near the confines of the barony of Tiaquin. 🢀

  14. A ford on a stream in the parish of Killererin, near Tuam. 🢀

  15. This name is now forgotten. 🢀

  16. Now Esker, an old church in the eastern portion of the parish of Tuam, which belongs to the barony of Ballymoe. 🢀

  17. Now always called 'Beal Atha Mogha' in Irish, and Anglicised Ballymoe: it is the name of a small village on the river Suck, giving name to the barony of Ballimoe, in the N. E. of the county of Galway, adjoining the counties of Mayo and Roscommon. 🢀

  18. Now Fairymount, in the parish of Kilgefin, barony of South Ballintober and county of Roscommon. See the Map prefixed to this tract. This is a very famous locality in ancient Irish history and romance. 🢀

  19. i.e. ford of the kings, now Athenry. 🢀

  20. i.e. the ford of Luan (a man's name, formerly common in Ireland) now Athlone. 🢀

  21. The ford of the stones, now 'Beal Atha Liag', Ballyleague, or Lanesborough, a small village on the Shannon, not Athleague, on the river Suck, as might be supposed. 🢀

  22. No vellum copy of this life is now in Dublin, but a very ancient copy of it is quoted by Duald Mac Firbis, in his Genealogical Book, in proof of the existence of the Firbolgs in the province of Connaught, after the period of the introduction of Christianity; and also by Gratianus Lucius in his Cambrensis Eversus, in proof of the fact which he thinks it establishes, namely, that the ancient Irish paid tithes. 🢀

  23. St. Grellan afterwards erected a church here, which became a parish church. It is now called in Irish by the same name, and correctly anglicised Kilclooney. The ruins of the old church of this name stand on a remarkable eiscir, or low ridge, not far to the north west of the town of Ballinasloe, in the barony of Clonmacowen, in the east of the county of Galway.—See Map. 🢀

  24. Now the town of Clogher in the county of Tyrone 🢀

  25. Generally called Lough Ribh, now Loch Ree, a celebrated lake formed by an expansion of the Shannon, between Athlone and Lanesborough. This description of Hy-Many is not correct, for there is more of that territory to the west of the river Suca Suck, than between that river and Lough Ree. The MS. is here decidedly corrupt, for Druim Clasach, was never the name of the entire Hy-Many, it being applied to a remarkable ridge in that territory. The original text most probably stood as follows: “O Chlochar mac n-Daimhin go h-inad ris a n-abarthar Druim Clasach i d-Tír Maine, itir Loch Ri ocus Suca,” i.e. “from Clochar Mac Daimhin, to a place called Druim Clasach in Tir-Many, between Lough Ree and the Suck.”—See Keating's History of Ireland (reign of Heremon), where Druim Clasach in Hy-Many is called one of the three most remarkable hills in Ireland. [See CELT edition of Keating's History of Ireland, Book I, p. 105-107] 🢀

  26. It is to be lamented that no Firbolgic writer survived to relate the true account of this transaction, for every acute investigator of history will be apt to suspect that the treachery was on the side of the conquerors, the Clann Colla. But who would have had the courage to write this in the fourteenth century? 🢀

  27. According to the Registry of Clonmacnoise, as translated by Duald Mac Firbis for Sir James Ware (MS. Brit. Mus.), this chief granted the following townlands to the Abbey of St. Kieran: “Cairbre Crom, the son of Feriogach, mac Dallain, mac Bressal, mac Maine Mor, from whom the land of Tirmaine took its name, bestowed unto St. Kyran 17 townlands, and three dunta, which signifieth three houses, or else three hillocks or steep places of building, viz. Dunanoghta, 12 daies, Dun Beglaitt 12 daies, Dun Meadhain 12 daies, and three townes in Sraigh Kiaran within the Gruan from Belalobhar to Rath Cattin, and half a towneland in Gortacharn, and half a towneland in Tuaim Carrighe, a quarter in Crosconaill, and 24 daies in the Grainsy, and 24 daies in Koyllbelatha, i.e. a quarter in them both, a quarter in Kill Tormoir, a quarter in Killorain, a quarter in Killmonolog, the quarter of Kill Goirill, the quarter of Killuir Mor, and the quarter of Killuir Beg, a quarter in Killupain; the town and lands of Killithain, the town and lands of Killosaigelain; half a townland in Maoleach, half a towneland in Cluaincuill, a quarter in Killchuirin, and the parsonage of the same, and the quarter of Dundomnaill in Maghfinn, and a quarter in Tuaim Sruthra, a quarter in Disiort, the towne and lands of the Habart, a towneland in Tuaim Greiny, with the emoluments spirituall and temporall; a quarter in Killtuma, and the portion proportionable to five ungaes or ounces of silver in Carnagh, that is, a quarter and a half in Cluain Acha Leaga, viz. in Acha Obhair, and the Creagga, and in Killiarainn and townlands of Ruan.” 🢀

  28. It appears from an inquisition taken at Galway, on the 20th of March, 1608, before Geffry Osbaldston, Esq. that 'Ulick Bourke, first Earl of Clanricarde, before his creation by Henry VIII. was seized in fee, by descent from his ancestors, of the territory of Clanricarde, consisting of six baronies, viz. Leitrim, Loughreogh, Dunkellyn, Kiltartan or Kiltaraght, Clare, and Athenry, some of the manors whereof he held in demesne, and all the rest of the said country that was possessed by the gentlemen and freeholders, were holden from him by knight's service.' 🢀

  29. Now probably Lisnahoon, in the parish of Kilmaine and barony of Athlone. 🢀

  30. On the situation and present state of this place, Denis H. Kelly, Esq. of Castle-Kelly, writes as follows, in a letter to the Editor, dated October 17th, 1841: “The Castle of Mullaghmore, once the seat of lavish hospitality, is now a mere mound of earth in the neighbourhood of Mount Bellew, and the lands are held by the present Sir Michael Bellew on lease. I know not that there is any representative of the family in existence; but the old houses have changed their places of abode, so that you would scarce recognize Athleague in Cargins, Gallagh in Tycooly, Screen in Castle Kelly, Clanmacnowen in Clooncannon, &c. &c.; and possibly some of the occupiers of now unimportant places may be the descendants of that hospitable house.” 🢀

  31. Now Killian, or Killyan (in Irish Cill Itain, as written by Duald Mac Firbis), the seat of J. Cheevers, Esq., in the parish and barony of Killian, in the county of Galway. 🢀

  32. Now Gallagh, or Castle Blakeney, a post town and parish, partly in the barony of Kilconnell, but mostly in that of Killian, in the county of Galway. 🢀

  33. Now Creagh, a parish in the barony of Moycarn, in the south of the county of Roscommon, adjoining the town of Ballinasloe. 🢀

  34. Now Menlough, or Minla, a village situate in the parish of Killascobe, barony of Tiaquin, and county of Galway, about three miles and a half south-west of Castle Blakeney. O'Mannin's castle here was lately destroyed by lightning, and is now a shattered ruin. For a curious Irish deed relating to this family see Note C, at the end of this tract. This is not reproduced in the CELT edition. 🢀

  35. So called at this day, and is the seat of J. D'Arcy, Esq.; it is situated in a parish of the same name, which parish lies partly in the barony of Kilconnell, but chiefly in that of Athenry, in the county of Galway. 🢀

  36. In the parish of Drum, in the barony of Athlone and county of Roscommon. 🢀

  37. So called at this day, and is the name of a townland, and of the seat of Captain E. W. Kelly, in the parish of Kilmaine, barony of Athlone, and county of Roscommon. 🢀

  38. A townland in the parish of Dysart in the barony of Athlone. The ruins of O'Fallon's Castle are still to be seen in this townland. 🢀

  39. Now called Mac Gerraghty and Geraghty. This family, though at the period to which this document relates they were settled in Hy-Many, were a branch of the Siol-Muireadhaigh or O'Conors of Connaught. 🢀

  40. These baronies are known by the same names at this day, but spelled somewhat differently, thus: 1. Athlone; 2. Kilconnell; 3. Tiaquin; 4. Killian; 5. Moycarn or Moycarnan. The baronies of Athlone and Moycarnan are in the county of Roscommon, and the other three in the county of Galway. 🢀

  41. In a genealogy of the Hy-Many, preserved in a MS in Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2. 17. p. 49, he is called Cremtand Coel🢀

  42. In the MS H. 2. 17. p. 49, the reading is 'ba soer in cethrar'. 🢀

  43. In the H. 2. 17. p. 49, this name is more correctly written 'Feradach' in the nominative form, and 'Feradaigh' in the genitive. It is very common as the name of a man in Hy-Many, particularly among the family of O'Naghten, in the last centry, but it is now nearly obsolete. 🢀

  44. Fechene, in H. 2. 7. p. 49 🢀

  45. Lochine, in H. 2. 7. 🢀

  46. or Murchadan, as more correctly written in H. 2. 7. p. 49, was chief of Hy-Many, and died, according to the Annals of the Four Masters, in the year 936. He succeeded his brother Mughron, who died in the year 904. They were the fifteenth in descent from Maine Mor, the common ancestor of the Hy-Many. 🢀

  47. Sochlachan was chief of Hy-Many, and, according to the Annals of the Four Masters, died a priest (in clericatu) in the year 908, having, many years before, resigned the government to his son Mughron. 🢀

  48. This family are to be distinguished from the O'Dubhagains, for the latter descended from Sodan, the son of Fiacha Araidh, king of Ulster, about the year 240. See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, Part III. c. 66, p. 327. The name O'Duibhginn is anglicised 'Deegin' in Leinster but the Editor is not aware that the name exists in Hy-Many at present: the O'Dubhagains, or O'Doogans are numerous there, but they are not of the Hy-Many race. 🢀

  49. more correctly h-I Uain in H. 2. 7. as it appears on p. 27, that O'Finain is not of the Clann Cernaigh. Neither name is now extant in Hy-Many. 🢀

  50. written h-Ui Luighin, in H. 2. 7. The name is now anglicised Lyne and Lyons. This family had considerable possessions in the territory of Hy-Many, in the reign of James I., for it appears from an inquisition taken at Kilconnell, on the 22nd of August, 1617, that Donogh O'Lyne and Edmond O'Lyne of Ballinvoggane, in the barony of Kilconnell, and John Graney O'Lyne, of Lisnagrey, and Turlough O'Lyne, of Lehergen, were seized of Lecarrowintlevy and Lissenuskey, in the barony of Kilconnell. And another inquisition, taken at the Abbey of St. Francis, on the 29th of January, in the 16th of James I., finds that Redmond O'Lyne died on the 6th of July, 1615, seised of fee of portions of the townlands of Ballinvogan, Ballykie, and Creganigragh, all of which were held of the king in capite by knight's service. O'Flaherty, in Ogygia, Part III. c. II, says that in his own time the family of O'Layn, in Hy-Many the proprietors of a handsome estate, looked upon themselves to be of Firbolgic descent, and if he be correct in this statement, the term for-shloinnte, in the text must be understood in the sense of plebeian surnames. 🢀

  51. This surname is now correctly anglicised O'Laughnan, and the Editor knows a family who have changed it to O'Loughlin. 🢀

  52. Correctly anglicised Conwy, but sometimes changed to Conway to make it look English. 🢀

  53. written in H. 2. 7. O'Fallscaidi. The Editor is not aware that the name is now extant in either form in Hy-Many or in any part of Ireland. It might be anglicised Ulskey or Falskey. 🢀

  54. Now anglicised O'Kennedy; but this family must not be confounded with the O'Kennedys of Ormond, who were of the same stock with the O'Briens. 🢀

  55. Now anglicised Dorcey or D'Arcy, but this family must be distinguished from the O'Dorseys, the ancient chiefs of Partry, near Lough Mask, in the county of Mayo, from whom the Darceys of Galway and Clifden have sprung, according to Duald Mac Firbis. 🢀

  56. Now anglicised Sheehan. 🢀

  57. Now Foran; but the name is not very numerous in Hy-Many, though it is elsewhere. 🢀

  58. Now anglicised Cullen and Collins. This name must be distinguished from the O'Cuilens or Collins's, of the counties of Cork and Limerick, who are of a totally different stock. 🢀

  59. This name is now unknown in Hy-Many. It was pronounced by the Irish O'Cravane. 🢀

  60. These were the Mac Egans, who afterwards became Brehons to different chieftains in different parts of Ireland. For some account of them and their pedigree, the reader is referred to Note E, at the end of this tract. This is not reproduced in the CELT edition. 🢀

  61. He was prince or chief of all Hy-Many, and died, according to the Annals of the Four Masters, in the year 794. His son Cathal succeeded him, and died in 834. 🢀

  62. Prince of Hy-Many, and died in the year 738. He was succeeded by his son Flaithnia, who died in the year 750. 🢀

  63. i. e. the chess-player, was chief of Hy-Many, and was slain A. D. 622. This line, from which the Mac Egans have sprung, was once very powerful, which led Connell Mac Geoghegan to remark, in a note to the Annals of Clonmacnoise, that the Mac Egans were the senior family of Hy-Many. 🢀

  64. He was chief of all the principality of Hy-Many, and died in the year 750, according to the Annals of the Four Masters.—see Note 62, supra. 🢀

  65. Now anglicised Donnellan, without the prefix O'. For some account of the present locality, &c, of this family see Note F, at the end of this tract. The notes are not reproduced in the CELT edition. 🢀

  66. This is the Dluthach mentioned in Note 62, supra, as chief of Hy-Many, as a having died in the year 738. 🢀

  67. He was the ancestor of the O'Naghtens, for some account of whom see Note G, at the end of this tract. The notes are not reproduced in the CELT edition. 🢀

  68. The O'Maeilalaidhs, now anglicised 'Mullally' and 'Lally'. For some account of this family see Note H, at the end of this tract. The notes are not reproduced in the CELT edition. 🢀

  69. This seems to be the name now anglicised Lomond, but the Editor is not aware that it is at present extant in Hy-Many, where a family or tribe of the name were no doubt formerly powerful, for we learn from the Annals of the Four Masters, at the year 949, that O'Lomain, of Gaela, defeated the inhabitants of Ormond in that year. There was another branch of the family settled at Finnabhair, now Finnure, in the barony of Leitrim, and the county of Galway.—See Map. 🢀

  70. The Cinel Fathaidh, i.e. the race of Fathadh. Cormac, the last of this tribe mentioned in the pedigree, was the thirteenth in descent from Maine Mor (the common ancestor of the Hy-Many race), and must have been, therefore, contemporary with Oilioll Mac Inrachtach, who died chief of Hy-Many in the year 794, and who was the same number of generations from the same Maine. It must not be supposed that hereditary surnames were in use at this time, nor is it even certain, though it may be possible, that the tribe here called Cinel-Fathaidh, were the people whose descendants, after the tenth-century, took the hereditary surname of O'Fathaidh. The family of O'Fahy, whether they be of this tribe or not, are still very numerous in the southern part of Hy-Many; the name now is generally anglicised Fahy, without the O'; but in one instance the O'Fahy is retained, and the remainder shortened to Fay. This, however, is not to be recommended, nor is the vile practice of translating the name to Green, from its resemblance to the Irish word Faithche, a green or field, to be applauded. It appears from the inquisitions taken in the reign of James I., that several branches of the family had then some fee simple property in the barony of Loughrea. An inquisition taken at Loughrea, on the 16th of September, in the year 1617, before Sir Charles Coote, finds that Teige Antlevy, [i.e. of the mountain] O'Fahy is seised of fee of portions of Lishadoile, Kealuragh, and Cappaghard; that Teige O'Fahy and Edmond O'Fahy, his son, are seised of fee of a portion of the quarter of Knockanteige and Cappaghard; and that Edmond Uny O'Fahy, Edmond Oge mac Edmond O'Fahy, Richard Mac Edmond O'Fahy, and Teige Mac Edmond Oge O'Fahy, were seised of fee of portions of Kealuragh, Lishadoile, and Cappaghard; and that John Mac Uny O'Fahy was seised of fee of portions of the townlands of Lishadoile, Cahercranilly, Garryblaken, and Ballinrowan, all in the barony of Loughrea. There is a tradition in the barony of Loughrea, that the Earl of Clanrickard found it very difficult to get the O'Fahys to pay him tribute, their chief always telling the Earl that the lands he possessed were his own, and that the Earl had no claim on them. 🢀

  71. Finnabhair is now called Finnure, and is a townland containing the ruins of an old church, situated in the parish of Abbeygormigan, close to the bounday between the baronies of Loughrea and Longford, in the county of Galway.—See Ordnance Map of the county of Galway, sheet 98. The last of this tribe mentioned above in the text was the fifteenth in descent from Maine Mor, the common ancestor of the Hy-Many, and was therefore contemporary with the celebrated Cathal Mac Ailella, chief of Hy-Many, who died in 844, who was the fifteenth from the same Maine; and we must therefore suppose that O'Lomain was then a tribe name, and not a hereditary surname. 🢀

  72. Maenmagh.—Sometimes anglicised 'Moinmoy', and sometimes corruptly 'Menevy'. For the situation and extent of this old territory see index and notes. 🢀

  73. i.e. race of Aedh or Hugh. There must be some mistake in the text here, as no Aedh is mentioned in the genealogy given, from who the tribe could have been named. 🢀

  74. i.e. the seed or race of Anmchadh, now anglicised 'Ambrose', and formerly latinized 'Animosus'. This was the tribe name of the O'Maddens and their correlatives, who were seated in the barony of Longford and its vicinity, in the south-east of the county of Galway. 🢀

  75. Would be anglicised O'Drinan, but the Editor could not find the name in Hy-Many, north or south. 🢀

  76. Now Curran; but this family is to be distinguished from the Currans of Munster, and from those of Lower Connaught, who are not of this race. 🢀

  77. This name is not now to be found. The Mac Flannchadhas or Mac Clancys, of whom there were two other families of different races in Ireland, are of different stock, and locality. 🢀

  78. O'Kenny, now anglicised Kenny without the O'. The name is still very numerous in South Hy-Many. 🢀

  79. The Editor could not find this name in Hy-Many. It may, however, lurk under some fanciful anglicised form. It is to be distinguished from Mac Gladdry, a name which still exists in the county of Donegal. 🢀

  80. i.e. the family of O'Coffey. This name is still extant in Hy-Many; and it appears from an inquisition taken at Kilconnell, on the 24th of August, 1617, “that Donell O'Coffey was then seised of fee of Tomcatry, containing four cartrons in the barony of Clanmacnowen.” This is the place called Tuaim Cáthraigh in ancient Irish MSS. 🢀

  81. O'Donnellys, now written Donnelly without the O'. This family is to be distinguished from the O'Donnellys from the province of Ulster, who are of a different race. 🢀

  82. i.e. the family of O'Connagain, now anglicised Connigan, and sometimes incorrectly Cunningham. 🢀

  83. The Editor did not find this name in Hy-Many. 🢀

  84. unknown to the Editor; but it is highly probable that this name could still be found in the territory, disguised under some anglicised form. 🢀

  85. now obsolete. 🢀

  86. This was formerly the name of several powerful families of different races in Ireland, but, strange to say, it does not exist at present in any shape or form. 🢀

  87. Now not in Hy-Many. 🢀

  88. Now generally made Brennan. This name is also to be found in Kerry, where it is corruptly pronounced 'Brénaill', as is indeed the name of the great patron saint of Kerry, after whom the ancestor of this family was called, and a well-known member of the family has there most shamefully anglicised it to Brabacy, by a strange process of assimilation. This name is to be distinguished from O'Braonain, which is that of a family of far greater celebrity, formerly chiefs of Hy-Duach, in the north of the present county of Kilkenny. 🢀

  89. Now probably Keighry. 🢀

  90. i.e. the family of O'Rodaighi, now Roddy; but this family is to be distinguished from the Roddys of Fenagh, in the county of Leitrim, who were of a different race, as their pedigree shows. 🢀

  91. i.e. the family of O'Conghalaigh, now anglicised Conolly. This name is to be distinguished from O'Conghaile, which is correctly anglicised Connelly and Conneely. 🢀

  92. The Editor did not find this name in Hy-Many. It is probable that the 'g' was intended to be aspirated. 🢀

  93. This name is now always anglicised Cuolahan, though in the old records relating to the property of this family, in the reign of James I., it is more correctly made McCouleghan. In O'Dugan's topographical poem, this family is called O h-Uallacháin, and styled chiefs of Sil Anmchadha; but it appears from other authorities that the 'Mac' is the more usual prefix. The present head of this family is Henry Cuolahan, Esq., of Cogran House, in the parish of Lusmagh, on the east side of the Shannon, in the King's County, which parish originally formed a part of the territory of Sil-Anmchadha, of which this family were chieftains before the O'Maddens. 🢀

  94. Now Dooley, the O' being never prefixed; but this family is to be distinguished from the O'Dooleys of Westmeath, and Ely O'Carroll, who are of a totally different race. 🢀

  95. i.e. the family of O'Lorcain, now anglicised Larkin. This family is still in Hy-Many, and some members of it are so respectable that it is to be regretted they do not restore the O'. They are to be distinguished from the O'Lorcans of Forth, in Leinster. 🢀

  96. Now obsolete, or assimilated with, or merged into Kelly. 🢀

  97. Now Finnaghty, and sometimes Fennerty; but this family is to be distinguished from the O'Finachtaighs, the ancient chiefs of the Clann Conmaigh, who were the senior branch of the Sil Muireadhaigh, of whom the O'Conors of the county of Roscommon were the chiefs in latter ages. 🢀

  98. Now anglicised Coskry, and sometimes incorrectly Cosgrave and Cosgrove. 🢀

  99. Now anglicised Mooney 🢀

  100. Now Connaughtan, but the name is very scarce. 🢀

  101. Now Cannan, and incorrectly Canning. 🢀

  102. This would be anglicised Mulduff; but the Editor did not find the name in Hy-Many. 🢀

  103. i.e. the family of O'Madden. 🢀

  104. i.e. the family of O'Kenny, now Kenny, without the O'. 🢀

  105. i.e. the family of O'Tracy, now always written Tracy, without the O'. 🢀

  106. Now obsolete. 🢀

  107. Now obsolete. 🢀

  108. Now Curran. 🢀

  109. Now anglicised Hughes. 🢀

  110. Obsolete. 🢀

  111. Now Cogan, which is certainly an Irish name. The descendants of Miles de Cogan, who came to Ireland in the reign of Henry II., have all taken the name of Goggan. 🢀

  112. i.e. the family of O'Ruairc, but they are to be distinguished from the O'Ruaircs of Breifny, who are of a different race. 🢀

  113. Now obsolete. 🢀

  114. Now unknown. 🢀

  115. Now Dowling, but this family are to be distinguished from the Dowlings of Leinster. 🢀

  116. Now unknown in Hy-Many. 🢀

  117. Now unknown in Hy-Many. 🢀

  118. i. e. the family of O'h-Arrachtain, now very incorrectly anglicised Harrington. 🢀

  119. i. e. the family of O'Duibhghilla, but the name is now obsolete in Hy-Many. 🢀

  120. i. e. the family of O'Conrui, now made Conroy; but this family must be distinguished from the Mac Conrys of West Connaught, and from the O'Mulconrys of Cloonahee and Strokestown, who shorten their name to Conry. 🢀

  121. i.e. Tadhg O'Kelly, chief of Hy-Many, who fought at the Battle of Clontarf, A.D. 1014. The Battle of Clontarf was called the 'Battle of Brian', because Brian Boru, monarch of Ireland was chief commander of the Irish. 🢀

  122. This pedigree of Domhnall More O'Kelly is incorrectly given above by an error of the transcriber, as appears from the pedigree of his descendant Tadhg O'Kelly, to be given farther on, an from that given in the MS. H. 2. 7, Trin. Coll. Dub., and by Duald Mac Firbis in his genealogical work. 🢀

  123. This Thomas was Bishop of Clonfert, and died A. D. 1263.—See Ware, and De Burgo, Hibernia Dominicana, p. 226. 🢀

  124. Perhaps the same who was Bishop of Clonfert in 1347, and is supposed by Ware (Bishops, Harris's edition, p. 640) to have died in 1377. 🢀

  125. i.e. Mac Quillin, chief of the Route, in the county of Antrim. 🢀

  126. Maurice, or Muirchertach, O'Kelly, was consecrated Bishop of Clonfert in 1378, translated to Tuam, by provision of Pope Boniface IX., in 1394, and died September 29, 1407.—See Ware, Bishops, pp. 640 and 611. 🢀

  127. This name, which is an abbreviation of Maelseachlainn, i.e. servant of St. Seachlann, or Secundinus, is now generally anglicised 'Malachy'. 🢀

  128. This name is now anglicised 'Conor', and sometimes latinised 'Cornelius'. 🢀

  129. written, according to the modern orthography, Aodh, is now always anglicised 'Hugh'. 🢀

  130. This name is generally anglicised 'Mahon' in old English documents, but it is now commonly rendered Matthew, as the Christian name of a man. 🢀

  131. i.e. the abbey of Clontuskert, near Ballinasloe. 🢀

  132. Generally anglicised 'Donogh' and 'Donat' in the old English documents, but now invariably 'Denis' in every part of Ireland. 🢀

  133. In the pedigree of O'Madden, preserved in a MS. in the Library of Trinity College (H. 2. 7.), this line is given differently, thus: Eoghan, son of Murchadh, son of Cathal, son of Madadhan Mor, son of Diarmaid, son of Madadhan Ramhar, son of Diarmaid, son of Madadhan, son of Gadhra, son of Dunadhach, son of Diarmaid, son of Aedh, son of Ailioll, son of Dunadhach, son of Gadhra, son of Loingsech, son of Dunadhach, son of Cobhthach, son of Maelduin, son of Donnghalach, son of Anmchadh, son of Eoghan Buac, &c., ut supra 🢀

  134. Gadhra is now obsolete as the Christian name of a man, but it is anglicised 'Gara' in the family O'Gadhra, now O'Gara. 🢀

  135. Dunadhach, now obsolete as the Christian name of a man. 🢀

  136. Cobhthach, is now obsolete as the Christian name of a man, but preserved in the family name O'Cobhthaigh, now anglicised 'Coffey', without the prefix O'. 🢀

  137. Maelduin is now obsolete as the Christian name of a man, but preserved in the family name O'Maelduin, which is now anglicised 'Muldoon', without the prefix O'. 🢀

  138. Donngal, now obsolete. 🢀

  139. Anmchadh, is still preserved in the Christian name of a man in the family of O'Madden, but now always anglicised 'Ambrose'. It is latinised 'Animosus' by Colgan. 🢀

  140. Eoghan, is latinised 'Eugenius', and anglicised 'Owen'. 🢀

  141. Cormac, still preserved as the Christian name of a man, but incorrectly anglicised 'Charles'. 🢀

  142. Generally written Cairbre, is still preserved as the Christian name of a man among a few families, and anglicised 'Carbry'. 🢀

  143. Feradhach, now nearly obsolete as the Christian name of a man, though fifty years since it was common among the family of O'Naghten, in the Barony of Athlone, and County of Roscommon, and anglicised 'Farragh', and sometimes, but incorrectly, 'Ferdinand'. 🢀

  144. Literally this means people of payment. The Irish prefix lucht and aos or aes to the genitive case of many nouns to form terms equivalent to personals in other languages, as aes ciúil, people of music, i.e. musicians; aes dána, i.e. people of poetry; lucht eolais, people of knowledge, i.e. literati; lucht póite, i.e. people of drinking, i.e. drunkards.—See the Institutio Principis, or Inauguration Ode of Donogh O'Brien, fourth Earl of Thomond, v. 150 (Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Dublin, p. 28), where O'Flanagan, the translator, renders go tais le h-aes eladhna, mitis cum aetate scientiae, and adds the following note:— Hoc est cum homnibus Scientiae, vel Philosopho-poetis. Eodem modo a Graecis 'filii medicorum' appellantur medici. 🢀

  145. i.e. the race of Ceallach, i.e. the O'Kellys. 🢀

  146. They descend from Maelanfaidh, the son of Eoghan Finn, the ancestor of O'Kelly. 🢀

  147. Now always anglicised Keaveny. This family descends from Geibhennach, son of Aedh, chief of all Hy-Many, who, according to the Annals of the Four Masters, was slain in the battle of Ceis Corainn, in the year 971. In the year 1018 O'Geibhennaigh is mentioned in the same Annals as Tanist of Hy-Many. The Editor found several of this name in Hy-Many, but all reduced to poverty. 🢀

  148. Mac Cathails, now Cahills, but this family must be distinguished from the O'Cathails, which is also anglicised Cahills. 🢀

  149. Now anglicised Magloin, and sometimes shortened to Glynn. This family is to be distinguished from O'Floinn. 🢀

  150. i.e. the descendant of Murchadhan, who was prince of Hy-Many, and died in the year 936. The Editor could not find this name in Hy-Many, and suspects that it was anglicised to Murphy. 🢀

  151. i.e. the family of Mac Egan. See notes 60 and 63, and additional notes at the end of this tract. These are not reproduced in the CELT edition. 🢀

  152. The Rev. Patrick Mac Loughlin, in his Abstract to the Book of Lecan, already referred to, renders this sentence more freely thus: 'and the Mac Aedhagans too, until they became Ollamans of the Lord'. 'No cur dhruideadar re h-Ollamhnacht an áirdrigh, literally translated would be 'until they approached the ollavship or office of chief professor to the arch-king;' but by arch-king here is not meant the monarch of all Ireland, as in most other documents, but the supreme prince or chief of the territory of Hy-Many. The word righ, in this and many other ancient ancient Irish tracts, is often applied to a petty chief of one barony, and therefore, aird-righ is applied to the head chief. On this application of the word righ, O'Flaherty writes the following learned remarks in his Ogygia, p. 31:—“Sua omnibus linguis, et nationibus aliqua peculiaris insita est proprietas, cujus absurda foret in aliis imitatio. Quare in eorum sententiam ultro eamus, qui falso contendunt Regum Latine supremum tantum, et nulli subjectum dominum denotare; ac proinde nobis inepte illud Martialis Hemistichium exprobrant,
    ‘Qui Rex est, Regem, Maxime, non habeat,’ (Martial, Epigrammaton Liber II, 18) Quid vero hoc interest? Scoti sumus non Galli; Scotice loquimur, non Latine; atque hoc idiomate trito adagio dicimus; ut Hemistichio aliud opponam: Degener in tiguri Rex lare quisque sui.” And again (ibid. p. 32), 'Veteres Regis nomen tribuebant ei, qui uno oppidulo praesset: sic Ithacae Rex Ulysses, cujus ditionem adeo exiguam nidum aestimat saxo Cicero affixum. Sic Nestor Pyli Rex. Josue 30 regibus in Palestina gulam fregit. Strabo testatur singulas Phoenissarum urbes regem habuisse; et Plinius strategiis, et praefecturis omnibus olim reges praefuisse: unde usitato more Divinae Scripturae cujusque oppidi Dominus Rex appellatur. Atque ut propius ad vicinos accedam, in Cantii partibus (qui nunc in Anglia Comitatus) quatuor reges Caesaris aetate regnarunt. Denique nullum modo in Europa, praeter ipsam Hiberniam, regnum quod non pluribus regibus sibi invicem minime subjectis antiquitus paruerit: quos tamen nostrae memoriae Scriptores, cum in eorum mentionem incidunt, Reges dicere non haesitant. 🢀

  153. 'The third part of the province', i.e. the principality of Hy-Many comprised the third part of the province of Connaught. Shane O'Dugan states the same in his topograpical poem, as follows: “Moir-thrian Connacht an clár sin / Ui Maine na mordhal sin / O Sionaind sreabha sidhe / Go Meadha, ni min-righe.” The great third of Connaught is that plain / Of Hy-Many of great assemblies, / extending from the Shannon of fairy flood / To Meadha hill; it is no small kingdom. 🢀

  154. 'Third part of every treasure found': This custom is also noticed in a pedigree of O'Kelly, in the possession of Denis H. O'Kelly, of Castlekelly, Esq., in the following words, under Maine Mor: 'Maine Mor: From the territory possessed by him and his issue took the name Maineach or Iath Maine, i.e. the lands of Maine; and his posterity down to Teige Tailten (in whose time the English Invasion happened) were styled Kings of Ith Maine, in the province of Connaught, and had many privileges and immunities from the Kings of Connaught, viz., they were hereditary marshalls or generals of the Connaught armies, and were to possess the third part of all prizes and wrecks of the sea, and of all hidden treasures found under ground, and of all silver and gold mines and other metals, together with a third of all Eric or reprisal gained or recovered by the King of Connaught from other provinces for wrongs received, with many other similar privileges which were enumerated in Ancient Chronicles.' 🢀

  155. The third part of the eric: i.e. the prince of Hy-Many was entitled to the third of all the fines for killing men throughout the province of Connaught. The Eric for killing a man was often very great, and seems to have been a source of great revenue to the chief or king. Donnell O'Gallagher states in his will, made in the year 1626, that the Eric for killing a man in Inishowen was 168 cows! 🢀

  156. This description of treasure is called Turcairthi Mara in the Brehon Laws. It appears to have consisted of wines, and other articles of commerce washed ashore after shipwrecks, and perhaps also whales and other fishes, which by the Saxons were considered royal fishes, and to belong to the king and queen only. “De Sturgione observetur, quod rex illum habebit integrum: de balena vero sufficit, si rex habeat caput, et regina caudam.” —Bracton. l. 3, c. 3. It appears from Cormac's Glossary, in voce Epscop fína, that there was a distinct tract of the Brehon Laws called Mur-Bretha, i.e. Sea-Laws, to regulate matters of this nature, but this tract is not now to be found among the MSS. preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. 🢀

  157. The place called Caradh formed the northern or north-eastern boundary of Hy-Many, and Grian its southern, and Luimnech was an old name for the River Shannon. Thus in the Annals of the Four Masters, at the year 1536, the whole extent of Hy-Many is defined by stating that it lay between Caradh and Grian.—A.D. 1536, Donnell, the son of Donogh O'Kelly, a select captain and Tanist of Hy-Many from Caradh to Grian, was slain. 🢀

  158. The Rev. Patrick McLoughlin, in an abstract of the Book of Leacan (MS. Royal Irish Academy), translates this page very incorrectly thus:—'All the preceding septs were to have their harvest and spring provisions for their own use, and could not be compelled to part with them.' But the true meaning, as will be obvious to the intelligent Irish scholar, is that these tribes were not compelled to go on any warlike expedition for the king of Connaught, either in Spring or Autumn, unless they wished to do so themselves; evidently because they were, at the former season, engaged in sowing their crops, and, at the latter, in saving them. 🢀

  159. This was a remarkable privilege, and it is difficult now to conjecture how the people of Hy-Many originally obtained it. 🢀

  160. That is, if the king of Connaught should continue longer than six weeks on an expedition against his enemies in Ulster or Leinster, the forces which he raised in the territory of Hy-Many were at liberty to return home. 🢀

  161. Gidh mór lite do literThe word lite, which is entirely obsolete in the modern Irish, is of constant occurence in the Brehon Laws and other ancient Irish tracts, in the sense of 'accusation' or 'charge'. The following use of this word, from Cormac's Glossary, under the word Nescóit, will put its meaning beyond dispute: Lite bine for mnai Gaibhnen, 'the wife of Gaibhen was charged with crime.' 🢀

  162. The privileges granted to the men of Oirghiall (from whom the Hy-Many are a colony) by the monarchs of Ireland, will be found detailed in Leabhar na g-Ceart, or Book of Rights, of which there are copies preserved in the Books of Lecan and Ballymote, and in MSS. in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. 🢀

  163. Translated 'seven chiefs' by the Rev. Patrick Mac Loughlin, in his abstract of the Book of Lecan, already referred to. The word oirrigh is always used in the best Irish MSS., to denote a sub-chief, or one tributary to, or under the control of another. The exact distinction between it and flaith is not obvious. 🢀

  164. The locality of this family is thus clearly pointed out by O'Dugan: “Cuid Ui Chonaill do'n chrich sin, / Do'n tir aluinn ainmhin sin, / O Ghréin co ceand mor muighe, / Sloigh ag reir an riogh-ruire.” “Connells's portion of that country, / Of that splendid rugged land, / Extends from Grian to the head of the great plain, / Whose host obey the royal prince.” Grian was the name of a river rising in the frontiers of Thomond; and by “head of the great plain” is here meant the head of Moenmagh, which comprised Loughreagh and the adjacent plains. The Editor is not aware that there are any O'Connells of this race at present extant in that district. The O'Connells of the county of Kerry, the chief of whom was transplanted to Clare in Cromwell's time, are of a totally different race. 🢀

  165. Now Anglicised 'Mac Nevin', and among the peasantry shortened to 'Neavin' and 'Nevin'. The family were originally settled at Crannog Meg Cnaimhin, now Crannagh-Mac Nevin, in the south-east extremity of the parish of Tynagh, barony of Leitrim, and county of Galway, and the name is still numerous in that and the adjoining barony of Loughrea. the first notice of this family to be found in Irish history occurs in the Annals of the Four Masters at the year 1159, where it is recorded that Athius, the son of Mac Cnaimhin (Mac Nevin), was slain at Ardee, in the now county of Louth, in a battle fought between Muirchertach Mac Lughlin, senior of the Northern Hy-Niall, the legitimate heir to the throne of Ireland, and Roderic O'Conor, king of Connaught. The head of the name in the reign of Queen Elizabeth was Hugh Mac Knavin: he was hanged on the 4th of June 1602, as appears from an inquisition taken at Galway, on the 10th of October, 1605:— 'Quod Hugo Mac Knavin, alias dictus Mac Kellie, intravit in actionem Rebellionis et captus et suspensus fuit, 4 Junii, 1602; et fuit seisitus in Ballilie, Cranach Mac Knavin,' &c. In a grant to the Earl of Clanrickarde, dated 19th July, 1610, mention is made, among various other lands granted to him, of part of the lands of Cranach Mac Knavin, parcel of the estate of Hugh Mac Knavin, otherwise O'Kelly [an error for Mac Kelly], of Cranagh Mac Knavin, executed in rebellion. Also an inquisition taken at Loughrea, on the 16th of September, 1617, before Sir Charles Coote, finds that Melaughlin Mac Gilliduff Mac Knavin, was seised of fee of Ballyglass; Art Mac Knavin of Kellin [now Killeen], and Bealanamore; Dermot Mac Knavin of Lisduff; Dermot Mac Donell Oge Mac Knavin of Loghanrowe, parcel of Ballyglass, in the parish of Tynagh and the barony of Leitrim; that Hugh and Donell Beg Mac Knavin, and Donogh Mac Knavin were seised of fee of Tumkeyne; Edmond Mac Shane Mac Knavin, of Ballyelly; and John Mac Donell Mac Knavin, and Connor Mac Knavin, of Mong. The last supposed head of this family was the celebrated Dr. Mac Nevin, who was expatriated for being implicated in the rebellion of 1798. He was possessed in fee of the lands of Ballynahown, near Aughrim, in the county of Galway, which he sold. The most affluent gentleman of this tribe now in Ireland is Daniel Mac Nevin, Esq., of Ashfield, in the parish of Beagh, barony of Kiltartan, and county of Galway. He has property in various parts of the same county, but possesses no portion of the lands which belonged to his ancestors. His property in the parish of Beagh originally belonged to O'Shaughnessy, and more recently to the Blake Fosters, from whom it passed by intermarriage to Mr. Mac Nevin. 🢀

  166. This name is now obsolete, as far as the Editor has been able to ascertain. The nearest anglicised form of it would be Doorley. 🢀

  167. Sil Anmchadha.—In latter ages the territory of this tribe was co-extensive with the barony of Longford, in the county of Galway, and the parish of Lusmagh, in the King's County, on the east side of the Shannon, which parish formerly formed a portion of the county of Galway, as we learn by an inquisition, preserved in the Rolls Office, Dublin, taken at Galway, on the 11th of August, 1607, in which the boundaries of the county of Galway, on this side, are thus described:— 'The boundes or meares of the countie of Galwiae begynieth beyond the River of Sheanon eastwarde at the marishe of Meanagh Keogh, which divideth the great woods of Killie Corri, whereof the woods westward of the said marishe are included within the bounds of the county of Galwaie, and the woods eastward of the marishes are of the King's County, and so bounding forward to the River of Brosnagh and retaynning the course of the streame as that runneth, that falleth into the River of Sheanon, and including the island of Inchenegal and Inishtymone that extendeth forwarde by east to the island of Inishfadda, as the course of the streame runneth from thence including the island of Portklyely it goeth directly to Dirremacegane, and including the island of Illanmore and Inishcaldry that runneth through Loughdirgirt, and so to the river Boye and holding that river against the stream to Loghetory' [now Loughatorig, i. e. Lake of the boundary]. This inquisition, after describing the meres of the county of Galway all round, thus concludes at the point whence it set out with the description:—and so reteyning the stream that goeth under the middle arch of the middle bridge of Balinesloy, and from thence with the course of the streame that falleth into the Sheanon and going out of the same into the River of Brossnagh;—(there are two Brossnaghs; this which meareth Sir John Coghlan's country on that side from the Barony Longford, and the other Brossnagh, which falleth between Ormond and the south side of the saide barony of Longford into the Sheanon)—and so from the Brossnagh of Mac Coghlan's country to Bungowla, and so to Meanaghbeg, where we began.' It is curious that O'Dugan, in his topographical poem, makes no mention of the family of O'Madden, but makes the O'Huallachains, now Mac Cuolaghans, or Cuolahans, the sole chiefs of Siol Anmchadha, while the Book of Lecan (ubi supra, pp. 40, 41) makes the latter only the old chiefs of that territory. It is curious that the MacCuolahans, since they lost their rank of chiefs of the Sil Anmchadha, have been seated on the east side of the Shannon, and have retained no portion of the original territory lying west of that river. 🢀

  168. Now always anglicised Madden in the province of Connaught, and Maddagan in Munster. Ambrose Madden, Esq. of Streamstown, in the west of the county of Galway, is the senior representative of this family. Sir Frederic Madden, of the British Museum, descends from a branch of this family who removed to Dublin at an early period. 🢀

  169. Moenmagh.—O'Flaherty states (Ogygia, Part III. c. 17) that this territory, in which Loughrea is situated, is co-extensive with Clanrickard, in the county of Galway; but this cannot be true, as Clanrickard comprised the six southern baronies of the county of Galway, and Moenmagh never embraced any portion of the barony of Kiltartan, Longford, or Dunkellin. Moenmagh is the rich plain lying around Loughrea, and comprising Moyode, Finnure, and other places mentioned in old Irish documents. It was bounded on the east by the territory of Siol Anmchadha (now the barony of Longford), on the south by the celebrated mountain of Sliabh Echtghe (now Slieve Aughtee), and on the west by the diocese of Kilmacduagh; its northern boundary is uncertain; but we know that it extended so far north as to comprise the townland of Moyode, as that place is distinctly mentioned as included in the plain of Moenmagh. 🢀

  170. Muintir Neachtain.—The family name is O'Neachtain, and is now anglicised Naghten, and sometimes corrupted Norton. The family were afterwards probably in the time of Conor Moenmoy O'Conor, removed from Moenmagh to the Feadha, or Fews, of Athlone, in the barony of Athlone, in the county of Roscommon, where Shane O'Naghten was chief of the sept in the reign of Elizabeth, and where E. H. Naghten, Esq., of Thomastown Park, the present head of the O'Naghtens, enjoys a very considerable remnant of the territory of his ancestors. 🢀

  171. The O'Maeilallaidhs.—This family was afterwards removed from Moenmagh to the parish of Tuam, where they resided in the castle of Tolendal, four miles to the north of the town of Tuam. The head of this family removed to France after the defeat of the Irish, at Aughrim, and was the ancestor of the celebrated statesman and orator Count Lally Tolendal, who was created Marquis by Napoleon. The French and Tuam branches of this family are now extinct, but there are many of the name still in the original territory of Moenmoy in narrow circumstances, who retain the original form of the name, except that in writing it in English they reject the O', which has become a general practice among the Irish peasantry. O'Dugan also, in his topographical poem, mentions the O'Neachtains and O'Mullallys as the chiefs of Moenmagh. His words are: Ríogha Maonmhuíghe na mal, / D'ar ab duthaidh an donn-chlár,— / Dias do thechtaid an taobh sin,— / O'Neachtain, O'Maoilalaidh; / A n-gleo co trom is na tachraibh,/ As leo an fonn co Fiachrachaibh. 'The kings of Maonmagh of chiefs, / To whom the rich plain is hereditary,— / Two who have strengthened that side,— / O'Naghten and O'Mullally; / Their fight is heavy in the battles; / They possess the land as far as Hy-Fiachrach.' This extract is curious, as proving that Maonmagh was bounded on one side by the country of the Hy-Fiachrach-Aidhne, which was co-extensive with the diocese of Kilmacduagh, as could be demonstrated from the most authentic and clearest evidences. 🢀

  172. The Hy-Fiachrach-Finn.—These were the branch of the Hy-Many seated in the territory of Moenmoy, mentioned in note 159. Their chiefs were the O'Naghtens and O'Mullallys, or Lallys. They deduce their tribe name from their ancestor Fiachra Finn, the son of Breasal, who was the son of Maine Mor, the common ancestor of all the Hy-Many, as we learn from their pedigree in the Book of Lecan, fol. 90 (vide supra, pp. 32, 33), in Mac Firbis's Genealogical Book, p. 328, and O'Flaherty's Ogygia, Part III. c. 76, where we read, Manii filius Bressalius quinque natos generavit, Fiachrium Fionn, ex quo O'Naghen, Dallanum, Conallum, Crimthannum, et Manium, a quo Hy-Maine Brengar.' 🢀

  173. O'Dugan also mentions these tribes, as follows: Na sé Sodhain na seachnam, / A riogha gan ro seachmall; / Maith sluagh na bh-fhoghadh bh-foghlach, / Dan' dual Sodhan sleagh-armach. 'The six Sodhans let us not shun, / Their chiefs are without oblivion; / Good the host of plundering excursions, / To whom the spear-armed Sodhan is hereditary.' O'Flaherty in his Ogygia, Part III. c. 66, p. 327, says that there were several tribes in Ireland of the name Sodan, all deriving their name from Sodan, the son of Fiacha Araidh, king of Ulster, about the year of Christ 240. His words are, 'Sodanius ipsius [Fiachi Araidh] filius, Sodaniorum sator, qui Sodaniam Aitchi in Fernmoya, Ultoniae regione, Sodaniam in Media, et Sodaniam in Hymania Galviensis agri ditione praeter siquas alias incoluerunt. De his antiquariae et poeticae facultatis Wardaeorum et O'Duveganorum familiae prodierunt.' It appears from this and other more ancient authorities that the Sodhans of Hy-Many were not of the same race as the Hy-Many themselves. The exact extent of the cantred of the six Sodhans cannot now be determined; but the situation of O'Dugan, and of Muine Chasain, the seat of the poet Mac Ward, who were two families of the six Sodans, will point out the whereabouts of the entire cantred. It appears from the Felire Aenguis that the churches of Cill Conain and Cill Modhiuid, or Church of Saint Simplex, were in this cantred. An additional evidence of its situation is obtained from a passage in the Chronicon Scotorum, at the year 1135, that O'Mannin, now Mannin, was the chief of this cantred, and this family had their head residence at Menlagh-O'Mannin, near Castle Blakeney, from time immemorial; so that it is rational to conclude, that Menlagh and the other possessions of O'Mannin in its vicinty, formed a portion of the cantred of Sodhan, or Soghan, the ancient territory of O'Mannin. The passage in the Chronicon Scotorum, above referred to, is as follows: 'A.D. 1135.— Maidm Mongaighe re Sil Muiredaigh ar Ibh Máine, ubi multi ceciderunt, um Concopar h-Ua Cellaigh, ocus h-Ua Mainnín, ri Sogain.' 'A.D. 1135.— The Battle of Mongach was gained by the Sil-Muiredhaigh over the Hy-Many, ubi multi ceciderunt, together with Conor O'Kelly, and O'Mannin, king of Soghan.' 🢀

  174. i.e. Crimhthann the Slender. He was the son of Bresal, son of Maine Mor, and was the ancestor of three chiefs of all Hy-Many.—See above, pp. 26, 27. O'Dugan enumerates the same chieftains of this district in the following quatrain: 'O Cathail, O Mudhroin mear, O Maoilruanaidh na righ-fhleadh, / Croinn díona an ur-fhuinn eanaigh, / Riogha Crumhthainn crich-feadhaigh.' ' O'Cathail, O'Mudhroin the swift, / O'Maoilruanaidh of the royal banquets, / Trees who shelter the soft boggy land, / Are kings of Crumhthann of the woody surface.' The territory of this tribe still retains its ancient name, which is anglicised Cruffon, being the exact pronunciation of the ancient Irish form of the name. The situation of this territory is thus pointed out by Denis Henry Kelly, Esq., of Castle Kelly, in a letter to the Editor:— 'Cruffon is the name by which the peasantry still designate a large district in the county of Galway, long celebrated for its coarse linen manufacture, containing the barony of Killyan, and a large tract of Ballymoe.' 🢀

  175. This was the tribe name of the O'Conors, kings of Connaught, and their correlatives, who were so called from Muireadhach Muilleathan, king of Connaught, who died in the year 700, as we learn from the Annals of the Four Masters: 'A.D. 700.—Died Muireadhach, i.e. Muireadhach Muilleathan (the son of Fergus), king of Connaught, from whom the Sil-Muireadhaigh are descended.' 🢀

  176. Now anglicised Mulroney, and in the county of Clare, Morony. 🢀

  177. This name is now anglicised Moran, the prefix O' being always rejected. 🢀

  178. Now anglicised Cahill, the O' being never prefixed. 🢀

  179. The word caladh, which in other parts of Ireland denotes a ferry, or landing place for boats, is at present used in this district to signify a low, flat district, extending along a lake or river, like the word 'strath' in Ulster and Scotland. The Rev. P. Mac Loughlin renders this sentence thus:— 'The Barony of Cala, from Moin Inraidech to Cluain Tuaiscirt na Sinda, had for chiefs Mac Gilla Dubh and O'Laegachain.' The situation of the territory of Caladh, the chief residence in which called the 'Bawn of Callow', was built by William Flavus O'Kelly in the year 1353, is still known in the country, and is said to be nearly co-extensive with the barony of Kilconnell; but it appears from the description of its extent given in the text that it extended much farther to the south than the present barony of Kilconnell. In the Annals of the Four Masters, this cantred is described as in the upper part of Hy-Many in the sixteenth century. O'Dugan, in his topographical poem, calls this territory Caladh Sinna, or 'Caladh of the Shannon', and calls its chief O'Laodhog: h-Ui Laodhog laoich nach seachain / Riogha an Chalaidh cris-leathain, / Fir ler gabhadh 'na n-goire / Caladh Sionna sriobh-ghloine. 'The O'Laodhogs, heroes whom I will not shun, / Are the kings of the wide bordered Caladh, / Men who have taken into their possession / The Caladh of the clear-streamed Shannon.' 🢀

  180. The situation of this place, which was a bog, is unknown to the Editor. The name is at present forgotten in the country. 🢀

  181. There are two places in the ancient Hy-Many called Cluain Tuaiscirt, one situated near Lanesborough, in the county of Roscommon, and near the Shannon, and therefore correctly called Cluain Tuaiscirt na Sinna, i.e. Cluain Tuaiscirt of the Shannon; the other is situated about five miles to the south of Ballinasloe, in the county of Galway, and near the River Suck. The latter is clearly the place here called Cluain Tuaiscirt na Sinna, though incorrectly, because the cantred of Caladh never could have extended to the Cluain Tuaiscirt near Lanesborough, in the county of Roscommon. 🢀

  182. Mac Gilliduibh, is now always anglicised 'Kilduff'. There are several of the name still in the neighbourhood of Athlone. 🢀

  183. O Laeghachain, or O Laeghog.—Neither form of the name is now preserved in the country, but it is supposed to have been corrupted to Lee. 🢀

  184. Rendered “the seven governors or flaiths of Imaine”, by the Rev. P. Mac Loughlin. There is some error here in the text, as there are eight flaiths named. O'Dugan also mentions the same eight flaiths, and enumerates them as follows in that part of his topographical poem which relates to Hy-Many:— 1. Mac Egan, whom he calls chief of the Clann Diarmada, north and south; 2. Mac Giolla Fhionnagain, and the Clann Cionaoith, chiefs of Clann Flaitheamhain; 3. O'Donnellan of Clann Brensail; 4. O'Donnchadha of Hy-Cormaic, in Maenmagh; 5. O'Duibhginn, chief of the twelve Ballys of O'Duibhginn; 6. O'Docomhlain of Rinn na h-Eidhnighe; 7. O'Gabhrain of Dal Druithne, and, 8. O'Maoilbrighde of Magh Finn. 🢀

  185. More correctly spelt Mac Aedhagain, now anglicised Mac Egan. This family descend from Aedhagan, Anglice Egan, the sixteenth in descent from Maine Mor, the ancestor of all the Hy-Maine. O'Dugan gives this family the first place among the sub-chiefs of Hy-Many for their generosity and fame. His words are, Tosach, ar bhuga is ar bhlaith, / Do Mac Eittedhain uasail, / Sloinn do an athlaimhe a fhian / Is ar rathmhaire a righ-mhiad / Clann Diarmada thuaidh is theas / A g-cur im dhuain is díleas. 'Precedence, for his generosity and fame, / Give we to Mac Egan, the noble, / Mention him for the dexterity of his troops / And for the prosperity of his regal dignity; / The Clann Diarmada, north and south, / To mention them in my poem is lawful.' 🢀

  186. This name, which is written 'Mac Gilla Fionnagain' by O'Dugan, is now obsolete. The sept of Clann Flaitheamhain, of which Mac Gilla-Enain was chief, descend from Flaithemh, the tenth in descent from Maine Mor, the ancestor of all the Hy-Maine. 🢀

  187. The family name was O'Cionaith, now always anglicised Kenny, without the prefix O'. The name is still very common in Hy-Many. O'Dugan makes Mac Gilla-Fionnagain and Muintir Cionaoith, the chiefs of Clann Flaitheamhuin. Mac Giolla Fhionnagain maoith, / Agus Clann crodha Cionaith, / Da droing as aodbhdha d'feadhain / As Cloinn crodha Flaitheamhain. 'Mac-Gilla-Fionnagain the gentle, / And the brave Clann Cionaith, / Two tribes, who are beautiful to be seen / Over the brave Clann Flaitheamhain.' For the descent of this tribe see pp. 30, 31. 🢀

  188. The family name is O'Domhnallain, now always anglicised Donnellan, without the prefix O'. O'Dugan also mentions this family as chiefs of Clann Breasail, in the following quatrain: Uasal a bh-fuil 's a bh-feadhma / Ui Domnallain deagh-dhealbhda / Do boing re treasaibh tuile / Ar Cloinn m-Breasail m-barr-buidhe. 'Noble the blood and the deeds / Of the O'Donnellans of the good aspects; / Boisterous as the flood are they in battles / Over the yellow-haired Clann Breasail.' This family descends from Domhnallan, son of Maelbrighde, who was son of Tighernan, the son of Loingsech, who was son of Domhnall, the son of Breasal, ancestor of the Clann Breasail, and tenth in descent from Maine Mor, the ancestor of all the Hy-Many. The present head of this family is Arthur Donnellan, Esq., of Ballydonnellan, in the county of Galway, situated midway between Ballinasloe and Loughrea, who possess a considerable remnant of the original cantred of Clann Breasail. See note 65, supra, p. 32, and Note F, at the end of this tract. The notes are not reproduced in the CELT edition. 🢀

  189. O'Duibhginn.—See page 28. 🢀

  190. O'Gabhrain.—The name, and the situation of this tribe are now unknown. 🢀

  191. O'Docomhlan.—This name, and the situation of Rinn na h-Eignide, are unknown. 🢀

  192. O'Donnchadha of Aibh Cormaic.—This name would be anglicised 'O'Donoghy' or 'O'Donoghoe'; or 'Donoghy' or 'Donoghoe' without the O', but the Editor is not aware that the name still exists in Hy-Many. O'Dugan states in his topographical poem that this tribe was located to the south, outside the Lathach, or Quagmire, in the territory of Moenmoy. They derive their name and origin from Cormac, son of Crimthann, who was son of Breasal, who was the son of Maine Mor, ancestor of all the Hy-Many. 🢀

  193. O'Mailbrighdi, chief of Bredach.—This territory, which comprised forty quarters of land, was otherwise called Magh Finn, and is situated on the east side of the River Suck, in the barony of Athlone. The O'Mailbrighdes were afterwards dispossessed of this territory by the Mac Keoghs, a branch of the O'Kellys, and the district is now popularly known by the name of Keogh's country. We learn from the lives of St. Bridget, and from O'Dugan's topographical poem, that this district was under the patronage of St. Bridget. O'Dugan's words are as follows: Taoiseach Muighe Finn fortail, / D'a d-tucc Brighitt beandochtain, / Saor a shluagh feadhma co re, / O Maoil buain-fheardha Brighde: / Maith a n-dearna ar gach duine / Flaith breághdha na Breaduighe. 'The chief the fast Magh Finn, / To which Bridget gave a blessing, / Noble his warlike host, as yet, / Is O'Maoilbrighde, the ever-manly: / Good has he done to every man,/ This majestic chief of Breadach.' 🢀

  194. Sir John Davis, in his letter to the Earl of Salisbury, published in Vallancey's Collectanea, vol. i. pp. 160, 161, has preserved the following definition of the name and office of a comharba:— 'And that your Lordship may perceive I weave not this web out of my own brain, but that I have authority for it, which I deliver, I will here insert a certificate in Latin made unto me by an Irish scholar, whose opinion I required in this matter, which I have now by chance among my papers: ... The scholar's opinion was this: 'Corbanatus, sive Plebanatus, dignitas est, et modo ad regem pertinet, sed antea ad Papam; in matrici ecclesia debet necessario esse, initiatus in sacris ordinibus, omnesque decimas pertinentes ad hanc debet habere, et beneficia adjuncta huic ipsius sunt, eorumque conferentiam habet et presentationem: dictum hoc nomen, quia populo et plebi ecclesiasticae matricis ecclesiae praefuit; certum numerum sacerdotum quasi collegialium debet habere secum; primum stallum in sua ecclesia habet; habet etiam stallum vacuum in ecclesia cathedrali; et vocem in omni capitulo tam publico quam privato: inscribitur Romano Registro, adeoque dignitas est.' In modern times the Comharba was married, and the dignity was hereditary in some one family. In 1517 Teige O'Rody, who was Comharba of Fenagh, in the county of Leitrim, was married to Honora, the daughter of O'Mulloy. For further information on this subject the reader is referred to Ussher's tract on Corbes, Erenachs, and Termon Lands, published in the second number of the Collectanea, Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp. 630, 631, and Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History, vol. ii. p. 37, and vol. iv. p. 30, et sequent. 🢀

  195. The Rev. Patrick Mac Loughlin translates this 'the Bishop of Clonfert,' but it is very much to be doubted that the Comharba of Clonfert meant the bishop of that see at the time this tract was written. Cluain Fearta is now anglicised 'Clonfert', and is the seat of a bishop, situated in the barony of Longford, and county of Galway. 🢀

  196. Cill Mian, now Kilmeen, the name of an old church and parish, in the barony of Leitrim, about three miles to the east of the town of Loughrea.—See Map. 🢀

  197. Cill Tulach, now Kiltullagh, a parish situated partly in the barony of Kilconnell, but mostly in the barony of Athenry, in the county of Galway, and diocese of Clonfert, about three miles east by south from the town of Athenry, on the road to Loughrea. 🢀

  198. Cill Cumadan, now Kilcomedon, an old church in the parish of Aughrim, in the county of Galway, well known to the readers of modern Irish history as the burial place of the celebrated French General St. Ruth, who was killed in the battle of Aughrim on the 12th of July, 1691. 🢀

  199. Camach Brighdi, now Camma, a parish in the barony of Athlone, county of Roscommon, and the diocese of Elphin. The old church of this parish, which (as the name imports) was dedicated to St. Bridget, lies about eight miles west north west from the town of Athlone.—See Map. 🢀

  200. Now Clontuskert, a parish partly in the barony of Longford, but chiefly in the barony of Clonmacnowen, in the county of Galway, and diocese of Clonfert. The ruins of an abbey of considerable extent, said to have been erected by O'Kelly, are to be seen in this parish. 🢀

  201. The Rev. P. Mac Loughlin renders this phrase correctly enough, 'where the O'Kellys are inaugurated.' 🢀

  202. Cluain Cain Cairill, now the parish of of Clonkeen, or Clonkeen-Kerril, in the barony of Tiaquin, county of Galway, and diocese of Clonfert. The old church of this parish, which was originally founded by St. Cairell, who flourished in the primitive ages of the Irish church, was rebuilt, and formed into an abbey for Franciscan friars, about the year 1435, by Thomas O'Kelly, bishop of Clonfert, at the request of David Mulkerril, the Comharba of St. Cairell.—Archdall's Monasticon. 🢀

  203. That is, the Comharba of St. Bridget, who resided at Camma, had the privilege of baptizing all the Hy-Manians; and should any of them, who lived too far from this church, not wish to bring their children thither, they were nevertheless obliged to pay the baptismal penny to the Comharba of the church. 🢀

  204. Now the parish of Drum, in the barony of Athlone, and county of Roscommon. The old church of this parish was also dedicated to St. Bridget. 🢀

  205. This place, which is mentioned in the Annals of the Four Masters, at the year 1162, still retains its ancient name, but somewhat disguised under the anglicised form of Cloonowen; it is the name of an old church and half parish situated in the parish of St. Peter, lying along the Shannon, a short distance to the south-east of the town of Athlone, in the county of Roscommon. 🢀

  206. i.e. the anointing Screball, or scruple, which is said to have been of the value of three Irish pennies, was to be paid to the Comharba of Cromthar Aedh for every Hy-Manian that was anointed or prepared for death during illness. And we may suppose that this tribute was paid whether the ceremony of extreme unction was or was not administered by the saint's Comharba himself. It appears from a tract in the Book of Ballymote, fol. 181, b, b, that a sgreaball of silver was of the weight of twenty four grains of wheat which grew in prime land. It is clearly a corruption of the Latin 'scriptulum', which contained twenty lentes. 🢀

  207. i.e. praesbyter Aedus.—The Irish word Cromthar, which is more frequently written Cruimther, is cognate with the Welsh 'prempter', are are both corruptions of the Latin praesbyter.—See Colgan's Acta SS. p. 140, n.5, and Cormac's Glossary in voce Cruimther. The Editor has not been able to discover any church in the territory of Sil-Anmchadha that was dedicated to this saint, nor any tradition of such. 🢀

  208. The Rev. P. Mac Loughlin renders this sentence as follows, which is not strictly literal:— 'The O'Kellys were to be buried at Clonmacnoise, under the protection of St. Ciaran.' The race of Cairpre Crom comprised more than the O'Kellys. 🢀

  209. The names of many of these townlands are specified in the Registry of Clonmacnoise, translated for Sir James Ware, by the celebrated Irish Antiquary Duald Mac Firbis, and now preserved in the British Museum, No. 60 of the Clarendon Collection. This MS. is quoted by Crofton Croker, in his Researches in the South of Ireland, pp. 242, 246, but he refers these passages to Cloyne, in the county of Cork, instead of Clonmacnoise, though the name of St. Kyran, which is mentioned so often as that of the patron of the place, ought to have convinced him that Cloyne, in Cork, could not have been meant. The Cross of Cairpri Crom is still shown near the old church of Cloonburren; and there are many romantic stories still told of the cause for which Cairbre Crom, prince of Hy-Many, granted these seventeen townlands to the Abbey of Clonmacnoise; they are too long, however, to be more fully noticed in this note. 🢀

  210. Literally means a scriptulum or scruple, and was valued at three-pence, is sometimes used to denote any tribute. Here sgreaball caethrach signifies ovine tribute, or tribute in sheep. It is this kind, when used as a standard, was stated in the Irish life of St. Grellan that he received the firstling hog, and lamb, and foal, in Hy-Many, and the same is stated by Dr. John Lynch, in his (Cambrensis Eversus, p. 186:)‘E singulis Manachiae domibus patroni sui S. Grillani successoribus tres denarii quotannis, primus porculus, primus agnus, et primus equinus, deferebantur.’ 🢀

  211. This crozier was preserved for ages in the family of O'Cronghaile, or Cronelly, who were the ancient Comharbas of the saint. It was in existence so late as the year 1836, it being then in the possession of a poor man named John Cronelly, the senior representative of the Comharbas of the saint, who lived near Ahascra, in the east of the county of Galway; but it is not to be found now in that country. It was probably sold to some collector of antiquities, and is not now known. A relic of this kind, when used as a standard, was usually called cathach, (i.e. proeliator,) such as the celebrated cathach of St. Columbkille, described by Sir William Betham in his Antiquarian Researches.—See also (Colgan, Trias Thaum. p. 409, col. 2)‘Et “Cathach” est proeliator, vulgo appellatur, fertque traditio quod si circa illius exercitum, antequam hostem adoriantur tertio cum debita reverentia circumducatur, eveniat ut victoriam reportet.’ This Cathach was taken from O'Donnell in the Battle of Bealach Buidhe, in 1497, by Mac Dermot, but he recovered it in the year 1499. We learn from the Book of Fenagh that St. Caillin blessed, for his own tribe, the Conmaicne, a Cathach, which was a cross formed of a hazle sapling that had been cut with one blow, and its top piercing its middle. Ro ordaig em Caillín Cathach uada fein do Conmaicnibh, do brisedh rompa, .i. cros cuill do gearradh d'aen-bhuille, ocus a barr tria 'n-a bolgan, i.e. 'St. Caillin ordered a Cathach, i.e. a standard, from himself, for the Conmaicne, viz., a cross of hazle cut with one blow, its top piercing its middle.' These evidences from Irish history sufficiently prove the meaning of the word Cathach. But Sir William Betham imagines it to be a corruption of 'cas', a case, a word which in that sense would not be Irish at all. 🢀

  212. Cairech Dergain.—A celebrated virgin, patroness of Cloonburren, in the south of the barony Moycarnan, county Roscommon, on the west side of the Shannon, opposite St. Ciaran's monastery of Clonmacnoise. She died A.D. 577, 9th Feb. according to the Four Masters (in an.). A part of her church, which is of the primitive ages of Christianity in Ireland, still remains, and it is said that there were some ancient inscriptions in the churchyard, but the Editor searched for them in vain, in the year 1836. 🢀

  213. i.e. St. Patrick's knee, now Gloonpatrick, in the parish of Athleague, in the barony of Athlone, and county of Roscommon. The place derived this name from a stone exhibiting the supposed impression of St. Patrick's knee. 🢀

  214. i.e. Cold Stream. It is now called the Abhainn Uar, or Abhainn Fhuar (i.e. cold river), and flows through the barony of Roscommon, not far to the south of the town of Elphin. The situation of this river shows that the territory of Hy-Many originally comprised a considerable portion of the district which, in later times, belonged to the Sil-Muireadhaigh, or the O'Conors and their correlatives. 🢀

  215. Now the River Shannon, which formed the eastern boundary of Hy-Many, from Clontuskert, near Lanesborough, to Loch Deirgdherc, now Lough Derg, below Portumna. 🢀

  216. The Rev. Patrick Mac Loughlin translates daer tuatha re fognamh, by the 'unfree states of Imaine.' 🢀

  217. Dealbhna.—There were seven tribes of this name seated in different parts of Ireland. They were of the Dalcassian race, and derived their patronymic name of Dealbhna, from their progenitor, Lughaidh Dealbh-aedh, the third son of Cas. The tribe alluded to in the text were generally called Dealbhna Nuadhat, and were seated in the present county of Roscommon, between the Rivers Suck and Shannon.—See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, Part III. c. 82, and Annals of the Four Masters, at the year 816. 🢀

  218. This was the ancient name of the ford on the Shannon, over which the bridge of Lanesborough now stands, and the western or Connaught portion of the village of Lanesborough, still retains the name. There is another Ath Liag on the River Suck, which is to be distinguised from that here referred to; the former was called anciently Ath Liag bh-Finn, i.e. the ford of the white stones, and the latter Ath Liag Maenacain, i.e. the stony-ford of St. Maenacan, from the patron saint of the place; Ath Liag bh-Finn is now anglicised Ballyleague, i.e. the village of Athliag, and the other is called simply Athleague. 🢀

  219. Now always called Sliabh Ui Fhloinn, i.e. O'Flyn's mountain, from its situation in Sil Mailruain, O'Flyn's country. The course of this river is very well described in a poem on the Shannon, written in Irish by Mr. Michael Brannon, of Lisgobban, in the year 1794. 🢀

  220. The name of this place is now forgotten, but it was well known in Hy-Many in the reign of James the First, for it appears from an inquisition taken at Kilconnell on the 24th of August, 1617, that Tomcatry, containing four cartrons of land, and situated in the barony of Clanmacnowen, was then in the possession of Donnell O'Coffey.—Vide supra;, p. 39, footnote 80. 🢀

  221. This name is now unknown. 🢀

  222. Perhaps this is the tribe who gave name to the territory of Corca-Mogha, which is still the local appellation of a district comprising the parish of Kilkerrin, in the barony of Killian, in the N.E. of county Galway. 🢀

  223. The exact locality of this tribe cannot now be determined. It is stated in the Irish life of St. Grellan that this tribe paid him no tribute or impost of any description. 🢀

  224. i.e. the plain of the old tribe.—O'Flaherty, in Ogygia, Part III. c. 11, p. 176, speaking of the different places where the Firbolgs settled in the west of Ireland, has the following words in reference to this district:— “Denique Moysachnoliam [recte Moy-Senchinoliam] hodie Hymaniam in agro Galviensi post S. Patricii adventum insederunt; atque ibidem O'Layn, et in agro Sligoensi O'Beunachan ad nostra usque tempora non spernendi latifundii dominus, ab iis originem derivantes restant familiae.” The Rev. P. Mac Loughlin translates Sen-chineoil 'old inhabitants,' and the inhabitants were doubtlessly so called because they were the old Firbolgic possessors of the district, who were conquered and enslaved by the race of Maine. 🢀

  225. The Rev. P. Mac Loughlin renders this passage “until free states came in their places.” 🢀

  226. Now unknown. 🢀

  227. O'Mailfinnains, would be now called Mulfinnans. These were originally a noble Scotic or Milesian family, who were banished from their own territory, and were obliged to settle in Hy-Many, as serfs to the O'Kelly. The celebrated antiquary Duald Mac Firbis, in his interesting preface to his smaller genealogical work, compiled in 1666, gives us the following account of the six classes of plebeian families in ancient Ireland:— ‘1. The remnant of the Firbolgs and Tuatha De Dananns. 2. The descendants of the Scotic or Milesian nobility, who left their own territories, and were obliged to enslave themselves under other tribes. 3. Those tribes whose lands were converted into sword-lands, or who were enslaved by enemies. 4. Descendants of the Milesian nobility who lost their dignity and lands for their crimes, according to the law. 5. Those who are descended from common soldiers and foreigners. 6. The descendants of the slaves who came with the sons of Milesius into Ireland, and who were never able to get beyond their cast.’ (Duald Mac Firbis 1666, Introduction) ‘It is true,' he adds, 'that there are many of the descendants of these tribes till this very day in Ireland, but their pedigrees are unknown. There are also many families of the purest Milesian blood, whose pedigrees have become unknown in consequence of their having become poor and indigent, and not having been able to support poets or historians to preserve their genealogies and history. Some of them sunk under the English five hundred years ago.'’ (Duald Mac Firbis 1666—MS. in the Marquis of Drogheda's Library). 🢀

  228. The Rev. P. Mac Loughlin gives the following condensed translation of this passage:— “That is to say, that all these different people, some of whom are of the Firbolgs, were obliged to labour and toil in the service of O'Kelly and his chiefs.” 🢀

  229. This territory is situated in the barony of Athlone, and comprises parts of the adjoining ones. When O'Naghten was driven out of his original territory of Moenmoy, during the contests between Conor Moenmoy O'Conor and the O'Kellys, he settled here. It appears by an inquisition taken at Roscommon 26th October, 1587, that in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Shane O'Naghten was chief of this territory, which is called 'les Ffayes de Athlone,' and head or captain of his own tribe:nationis suae principalis🢀

  230. Marshalship of the forces etc.—The word marascalacht is evidently formed from Marescalcus, a word of Teutonic origin (from the German 'Marach', a horse, and 'Scalch', potens, magister). See Du Cange, Glossar. in voce. The use of it here in its larger and more modern sense, may perhaps indicate the twelfth or thirteenth century as the date of this Tract. 🢀

  231. anglice O'Connell 🢀

  232. anglice Mac Egan, and now always written Egan, without the Mac.—Vide supra, p. 31🢀

  233. Evidently means the chieftainship or chief command of the horse. The Irish word scor, which makes scuir in the genitive case, is used in the best Irish MSS. in the sense of 'a stud of horses,' as in the following example from the (Book of Leinster fol. 58, b, b)‘—Ro batar a n-eich i n-oen scor, in aidhche sin, ocus a n-araid ac oen tenidh, Their steeds were in one stud, and their charioteers at one fire. 🢀

  234. These were the O'Mannins, Mac Wards, and O'Dugans.—Vide supra, p. 72. 🢀

  235. i.e. the O'Naghtens and the O'Mullallys, or Lallys. They descend from Fiachra Finn, son of Bresal, son of Maine Mor. 🢀

  236. The meaning of this phrase is not clear, and as no second copy of the original is accessible to the translator, he does not wish to indulge in conjectures; alaidhe or ealadhais explained in the Dictionaries as an art or trade. In the mediaeval Latin, allutarius meant a shoemaker, but it would be unsafe to suppose that this word is cognate with the Irish alaidhe, which signifies any art or trade. 🢀

  237. Vide supra, p. 85. 🢀

  238. O h-Uroin.—now Horan. In the reign of James I. different persons of this name were possessed of considerable property in the county of Galway. An inquisition, in the Rolls' Office, Dublin, taken at Kilconnell, on the 26th September, 1617, before Sir Charles Coote, found that Edmond O'Horan was seised of fee of Carrowanmeanagh one cartron and a half; that Rory O'Horan was seised of fee of Carownafinoigga, Koil McShane, Carowmore-Derihoran, Camus, Tullagh, Lismoyfadda, Gortskehy, and of Carowanclogha, containing half a quarter of land, on which stood a castle. The same inquisition found the O'Horans seised of fee of parcels of the following townlands, viz.—Moyowre, Derrisweny, Carowmore, Derrihoran, Meahanaghboy, and Ballinekille. 🢀

  239. Now Clonrush, a parish in the barony of Leitrim and county of Galway, on the confines of the county of Clare.—See Map. 🢀

  240. Vide supra, pp. 34, 35, See also Genealogical Book of Duald Mac Firbis, p. 327. 🢀

  241. i.e. the office or dignity of being henchman to the prince of Hy-Many in battle. 🢀

  242. They were the descendants of Inrechtach, son of Dluthach.—See p. 31. 🢀

  243. These cannot be easily identified with the pedigrees. 🢀

  244. Eallach, which makes eallaigh in the genitive case, means cattle. Taisigeacht eallaigh is, therefore, perhaps the office of chief shepherd. 🢀

  245. The chief of this tribe took the name of O'Donnell, after the establishment of surnames. It is recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters, at the year 1158, that Sitric, the son of Gilla-Enain O'Donnell, chief of Clann Flaitheamhaih, was slain by Murchadh, the grandson of Taddy O'Kelly.—See p. 31, supra. 🢀

  246. i.e. the O'Donnellans.Vide supra, p. 33. 🢀

  247. i.e. the Mac Egans. 🢀

  248. i.e. the inhabitants of Magh Brengair.—See p. 25, supra, and O'Flaherty's Ogygia, Part III. c. 76, p. 366, where the following reference is made to the descent of this tribe: “Donaldum filium Imchadi avum praefert Manius Magnus, patre Achaio Ferdaghiall ortus, Imaniorum sator, qui Imaniam in Australi Connactia, et agro Galviensi acquisivit; quam posteri late dilatarunt, et ultra Succum iltivium ad Sinannum per agrum Roscommanium porrexerunt. Manii filius Bressalius quinque natos generavit Fiachrium Fionn, ex quo O'Naghten, Dallanum, Conallum, Crimthannum, et Manium, a quo Hy-Maine Brengar.” 🢀

  249. Stweardship; from rechtaire, a steward or chief manager. 🢀

  250. For the descent of this family vide supra, p. 38. 🢀

  251. Or as it would be written according to the modern orthography, Ard na g-cno, i.e. height or hill of the nuts. It is the name of a townland in the parish of Killiny, in the barony of Killartan, but there is no townland of the name at present within the limits of the Hy-Many. 🢀

  252. i.e. The mill of Glaisni, a man's name. The name is now unknown in Hy-Many, as is that of the family who resided at the place. 🢀

  253. Now anglice Toohey. 🢀

  254. Echdhruim, which is explained by Colgan equi mons vel collis, is now anglicised 'Aughrim'. It is the name of a village and parish in the barony of Clonmacnow, in the county of Galway, celebrated in latter times for a battle fought there between the forces of King William III. and James II., on the 12th of July, 1691. 🢀

  255. Also written Baghna, a district in the east of the county of Roscommon, nearly co-extensive with the barony of Ballintober, north. The celebrated mountain called Sliabh Badhna, or Sliabh Baghna, now anglicised 'Slieve Baun', extends through it from north to south, nearly parallel with the River Shannon. The Firbolgs were never driven out of this territory, and the chief portion of the inhabitants at present are characteristically distinguished from the Milesian race by their jet black hair and small stature. The Editor made careful search for the name O'Baedain in the mountainous district of Slieve Badhna, in the year 1837, but could not find it. In other parts of Ireland it is anglicised Boyton. 🢀

  256. Now Meehin. 🢀

  257. Vide supra, p. 38, footnote 73. 🢀

  258. The name of a celebrated mountainous district in the south-east of the county of Galway, on the confines of the county of Clare. It is now generally called Slieve Aughty, but corrupted to Slieve Baughta on Beaufort's Ecclesiastical Map of Ireland. 🢀

  259. This name is now unknown, unless it may have been shortened to Dolan. 🢀

  260. The ancient name of a district nearly co-extensive with the parish of Kilbride, in the barony of Ballintober, south, in the county of Roscommon.—See Mac Firbis's Pedigree of the Clann Uadhach. 🢀

  261. These were a tribe of the Firbolgs, located in the present barony of Clanmacowen, near the River Suck, who were reduced to a state of slavery by the Hy-Manians. 🢀

  262. Otherwise called Magh-Finn, and now always Keogh's country.—See Map. 🢀

  263. Now anglicised Lonergan. 🢀

  264. Retains its name at the present day, and is now Ballynabanaby; it is a townland in the parish in the parish of Kilgerril, barony of Kilconnel, and county of Galway. In 1617 this townland was in the possession of William Lally, gentleman. 🢀

  265. Now unknown. 🢀

  266. This name is now anglicised Sheehan. 🢀

  267. i.e. the O'Conors and their correlatives. 🢀

  268. i.e. the descendants of Eoghan Mor, the eldest son of Olioll Olum. Of this tribe the Mac Carthys, though not the senior descendants of Eoghan Mor, were in latter times by far the most powerful and distinguished. It is remarkable that, at the period when this tract was written, O'Kelly should not be considered more closely linked with his neighbours the Dal Cais, than with the Eoghanachts, who were far from his neighbourhood, being then principally settled in the present counties of Cork, Kerry, and Limerick. And yet, the Dal Cais, that is, the O'Briens and their correlatives, in Thomond, were as often kings of Cashel as the Eoghanachts. 🢀

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