TY  - JOUR
  - B Smyth, B O Gallachoir, N Korres, JD Murphy 
  - 2010
  - February
  - The Journal of Cleaner Production
  - Can we meet targets for biofuels and renewable energy in transport given the constraints imposed by policy in agriculture and energy?
  - Published
  - WOS: 59 ()
  - 18
  - 1671
  - 1685
  - The deployment of biofuels is significantly affected by policy in energy and agriculture. In the energyarena, concerns regarding the sustainability of biofuel systems and their impact on food prices led toa set of sustainability criteria in EU Directive 2009/28/EC on Renewable Energy. In addition, the 10%biofuels target by 2020 was replaced with a 10% renewable energy in transport target. This allows theshare of renewable electricity used by electric vehicles to contribute to the mix in achieving the 2020target. Furthermore, only biofuel systems that effect a 60% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by2020 compared with the fuel they replace are allowed to contribute to meeting the target. In the agriculturalarena, cross-compliance (which is part of EU Common Agricultural Policy) dictates the allowableratio of grassland to total agricultural land, and has a significant impact on which biofuels may besupported. This paper outlines the impact of these policy areas and their implications for the productionand use of biofuels in terms of the 2020 target for 10% renewable transport energy, focusing on Ireland.The policies effectively impose constraints on many conventional energy crop biofuels and reinforce themerits of using biomethane, a gaseous biofuel. The analysis shows that Ireland can potentially satisfy 15%of renewable energy in transport by 2020 (allowing for double credit for biofuels from residues andligno-cellulosic materials, as per Directive 2009/28/EC) through the use of indigenous biofuels: grassbiomethane, waste and residue derived biofuels, electric vehicles and rapeseed biodiesel.2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
  - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.06.027
DA  - 2010/02
ER  - 

@article{V43337046,
   = {B Smyth,  B O Gallachoir and  N Korres,  JD Murphy  },
   = {2010},
   = {February},
   = {The Journal of Cleaner Production},
   = {Can we meet targets for biofuels and renewable energy in transport given the constraints imposed by policy in agriculture and energy?},
   = {Published},
   = {WOS: 59 ()},
   = {18},
  pages = {1671--1685},
   = {{The deployment of biofuels is significantly affected by policy in energy and agriculture. In the energyarena, concerns regarding the sustainability of biofuel systems and their impact on food prices led toa set of sustainability criteria in EU Directive 2009/28/EC on Renewable Energy. In addition, the 10%biofuels target by 2020 was replaced with a 10% renewable energy in transport target. This allows theshare of renewable electricity used by electric vehicles to contribute to the mix in achieving the 2020target. Furthermore, only biofuel systems that effect a 60% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by2020 compared with the fuel they replace are allowed to contribute to meeting the target. In the agriculturalarena, cross-compliance (which is part of EU Common Agricultural Policy) dictates the allowableratio of grassland to total agricultural land, and has a significant impact on which biofuels may besupported. This paper outlines the impact of these policy areas and their implications for the productionand use of biofuels in terms of the 2020 target for 10% renewable transport energy, focusing on Ireland.The policies effectively impose constraints on many conventional energy crop biofuels and reinforce themerits of using biomethane, a gaseous biofuel. The analysis shows that Ireland can potentially satisfy 15%of renewable energy in transport by 2020 (allowing for double credit for biofuels from residues andligno-cellulosic materials, as per Directive 2009/28/EC) through the use of indigenous biofuels: grassbiomethane, waste and residue derived biofuels, electric vehicles and rapeseed biodiesel.2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights}},
   = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.06.027},
  source = {IRIS}
}