A cross-cultural comparison between Spain and the USA: Temperament and character distribution by sex and age

Susana Al-Halabí; Rocío Herrero; Pilar A. Sáiz; María Paz García-Portilla; José M. Errasti; Paul Corcoran; María Teresa Bascarán; Manuel Bousoño; Serafín Lemos; Julio Bobes

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.021

A cross-cultural comparison between Spain and the USA: Temperament and character distribution by sex and age

Susana Al-Halabí
, Rocío Herrero
, Pilar A. Sáiz
, María Paz García-Portilla
, José M. Errasti
, Paul Corcoran
, María Teresa Bascarán
, Manuel Bousoño
, Serafín Lemos
, Julio Bobes

School of Public Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The Unified Biosocial Theory of Personality developed by Cloninger has been applied in different cultures. Distribution by age and sex of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) dimensions were assessed cross-culturally for samples in Spain and the USA. Three non-clinical samples were included: i) 404 participants from Asturias (Spain); ii) 240 participants from Burgos (Spain); and iii) 300 adults from St. Louis (USA). Each participant was assessed by means of the TCI. A significant negative correlation between NS and both HA (r = -0.329; P< 0.01) and P (r = -0.217; P< 0.01) was found in the study sample, as well as significant effects of age in NS, HA, RD, and C for women and in NS and HA for men, and also of sex in HA and RD. Personality dimensions for the two Spanish samples appear to be similar (differences in HA4 and RD) compared to those for the US sample (differences in NS, HA, RD and P). Findings support Cloninger's theory about differences between men and women, but not regarding the intercorrelations between temperament dimensions.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	397-401
Number of pages	5
Journal	Psychiatry Research
Volume	186
Issue number	2-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.021
Publication status	Published - 30 Apr 2011

Keywords

Age
Character
Cross-cultural differences
Gender
TCI
Temperament

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10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.021

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title = "A cross-cultural comparison between Spain and the USA: Temperament and character distribution by sex and age",

abstract = "The Unified Biosocial Theory of Personality developed by Cloninger has been applied in different cultures. Distribution by age and sex of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) dimensions were assessed cross-culturally for samples in Spain and the USA. Three non-clinical samples were included: i) 404 participants from Asturias (Spain); ii) 240 participants from Burgos (Spain); and iii) 300 adults from St. Louis (USA). Each participant was assessed by means of the TCI. A significant negative correlation between NS and both HA (r = -0.329; P< 0.01) and P (r = -0.217; P< 0.01) was found in the study sample, as well as significant effects of age in NS, HA, RD, and C for women and in NS and HA for men, and also of sex in HA and RD. Personality dimensions for the two Spanish samples appear to be similar (differences in HA4 and RD) compared to those for the US sample (differences in NS, HA, RD and P). Findings support Cloninger's theory about differences between men and women, but not regarding the intercorrelations between temperament dimensions.",

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AU - García-Portilla, María Paz

AU - Errasti, José M.

AU - Corcoran, Paul

AU - Bascarán, María Teresa

AU - Bousoño, Manuel

AU - Lemos, Serafín

AU - Bobes, Julio

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A cross-cultural comparison between Spain and the USA: Temperament and character distribution by sex and age

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Keywords

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