Development of a patient-reported experience measure for temporomandibular disorders: exploratory factor analysis and reliability testing

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the structural validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of a newly developed patient-reported experience measure (PREM) for individuals with painful temporomandibular disorders. This PREM was developed to assess the experience of patients while receiving healthcare.

STUDY DESIGN: This study had a cross-sectional design. A total of 139 patients completed the PREM following clinical visits, with 50 repeating it 2 weeks later. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Cronbach α coefficient, and interclass correlation coefficient were utilized to assess the structural validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability, respectively.

RESULTS: EFA identified a 5-factor structure with 21 items. These domains were "emotional support," "respect for patient centred values," "information, communication and education," "access to care," and "coordination of care." The Cronbach α was 0.7285, indicating good internal consistency, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for the total score was 0.732, reflecting good test-retest reliability.

CONCLUSIONS: The PREM is a brief tool, which shows potential in assessing patient experiences in facial pain services. It may also support audits and clinical research. Further psychometric validation is recommended.