Evaluation of toxicological endpoints in female zebrafish after bisphenol A exposure

Given the importance of bisphenol A (BPA) as a xenoestrogen and its potential effects on human and animal health, we evaluated BPA exposure's short-term effects on follicular development, yolk protein vitellogenin (VTG) production and aromatase expression in female zebrafish. Histological modifications were observed along with increased presence of atretic follicles. Whole-body VTG concentration increased with the dose of BPA exposure. In contrast, expression of Cyp19a mRNA in the ovaries of BPA-exposed fish exhibited an apparent non-monotonic response curve, marked by downregulation at 1 μg/L BPA, upregulation at 10 μg/L BPA, and a return to downregulation at 100 μg/L BPA and higher doses. Ovaries only exhibited significant increases in follicular atresia and VTG concentration after exposure to 100 μg/L BPA and higher doses. Ovarian histopathology, aromatase Cyp19a transcript levels and whole-body VTG protein abundance may be good biomarkers for early detection of environmental BPA exposure.