Expression profile of H19 and Peg1 among diploid parthenogenetic, female sexed IVF and in vivo derived embryos during pre-implantation development in goat

Parthenogenesis was induced in various species for the study of developmental ability of embryos and produced first parthenogenetic mice 'Kaguya' (Kono et al. 2004). This has opened up the hope of making parthenogenesis a successful method of cloning in domestic animals. Parthenogenesis does not occur in goats naturally, but artificially parthenogenetic embryo can be produced by various methods. The in vitro developmental potency of parthenogenetic embryos to different stages was done in goat (Pankaj et al. 2012, Ranjan et al. 2013a, Ranjan et al. 2013b). Further, the in vivo development potency of these embryos was also studied following transfer in goat and showed non return, up to 60-70 days (Ranjan et al. 2013c). The preceding information underlines the failure of parthenogenesis in goat to live birth. The major reasons are absence of paternal genes, which are required for normal embryonic development.