Flow sensor using a hollow whispering gallery mode microlaser

Jonathan M. Ward; Yong Yang; Síle N. Chormaic

doi:10.1117/12.2209205

Flow sensor using a hollow whispering gallery mode microlaser

Jonathan M. Ward
, Yong Yang
, Síle N. Chormaic

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedings › Chapter › peer-review

Abstract

Flow sensing using the concept of a hot whispering gallery microlaser is presented. Silica microcapillaries or microbubbles, coated with a layer of erbium:ytterbium (Er:Yb) doped phosphate laser glass, result in a hollow, microbottle-shaped laser geometry. The Er:Yb doped glass outer layer is pumped at 980 nm via a tapered optical fiber and whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing is recorded at 1535 nm. When gas passes through the capillary, the WGMs shift toward shorter wavelengths due to the cooling effect of the fluid flow. In this way, thermal tuning of the lasing modes over 70 GHz can be achieved. The output end of the capillary is connected to a mass flow sensor and the WGM shift rate as a function of flow rate and pump laser power is measured, with the results fitted using hot wire anemometry theory. Flow sensing can also be realized when the cavity is passively probed at 780 nm, with the estimated Q-factor of the WGMs being in excess of 10⁵.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII
Editors	Alexis V. Kudryashov, Alan H. Paxton, Vladimir S. Ilchenko, Lutz Aschke
Publisher	SPIE
ISBN (Electronic)	9781628419627
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2209205
Publication status	Published - 2016
Externally published	Yes
Event	Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII - San Francisco, United States Duration: 15 Feb 2016 → 18 Feb 2016

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume	9727
ISSN (Print)	0277-786X
ISSN (Electronic)	1996-756X

Conference

Conference	Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Francisco
Period	15/02/16 → 18/02/16

Keywords

Doped Glass
Flow Sensor
Microlaser
Whispering Gallery

Access to Document

10.1117/12.2209205

Cite this

Ward, J. M., Yang, Y., & Chormaic, S. N. (2016). Flow sensor using a hollow whispering gallery mode microlaser. In A. V. Kudryashov, A. H. Paxton, V. S. Ilchenko, & L. Aschke (Eds.), Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII Article 972718 (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 9727). SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2209205

@inbook{2a329e585e544c07b093b55b93bc82d4,

title = "Flow sensor using a hollow whispering gallery mode microlaser",

abstract = "Flow sensing using the concept of a hot whispering gallery microlaser is presented. Silica microcapillaries or microbubbles, coated with a layer of erbium:ytterbium (Er:Yb) doped phosphate laser glass, result in a hollow, microbottle-shaped laser geometry. The Er:Yb doped glass outer layer is pumped at 980 nm via a tapered optical fiber and whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing is recorded at 1535 nm. When gas passes through the capillary, the WGMs shift toward shorter wavelengths due to the cooling effect of the fluid flow. In this way, thermal tuning of the lasing modes over 70 GHz can be achieved. The output end of the capillary is connected to a mass flow sensor and the WGM shift rate as a function of flow rate and pump laser power is measured, with the results fitted using hot wire anemometry theory. Flow sensing can also be realized when the cavity is passively probed at 780 nm, with the estimated Q-factor of the WGMs being in excess of 105.",

keywords = "Doped Glass, Flow Sensor, Microlaser, Whispering Gallery",

author = "Ward, \{Jonathan M.\} and Yong Yang and Chormaic, \{S{\'i}le N.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 SPIE.; Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII ; Conference date: 15-02-2016 Through 18-02-2016",

year = "2016",

doi = "10.1117/12.2209205",

language = "English",

series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",

publisher = "SPIE",

editor = "Kudryashov, \{Alexis V.\} and Paxton, \{Alan H.\} and Ilchenko, \{Vladimir S.\} and Lutz Aschke",

booktitle = "Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII",

address = "United States",

}

Ward, JM, Yang, Y & Chormaic, SN 2016, Flow sensor using a hollow whispering gallery mode microlaser. in AV Kudryashov, AH Paxton, VS Ilchenko & L Aschke (eds), Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII., 972718, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 9727, SPIE, Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII, San Francisco, United States, 15/02/16. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2209205

Flow sensor using a hollow whispering gallery mode microlaser. / Ward, Jonathan M.; Yang, Yong; Chormaic, Síle N.
Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII. ed. / Alexis V. Kudryashov; Alan H. Paxton; Vladimir S. Ilchenko; Lutz Aschke. SPIE, 2016. 972718 (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 9727).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedings › Chapter › peer-review

TY - CHAP

T1 - Flow sensor using a hollow whispering gallery mode microlaser

AU - Ward, Jonathan M.

AU - Yang, Yong

AU - Chormaic, Síle N.

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - Flow sensing using the concept of a hot whispering gallery microlaser is presented. Silica microcapillaries or microbubbles, coated with a layer of erbium:ytterbium (Er:Yb) doped phosphate laser glass, result in a hollow, microbottle-shaped laser geometry. The Er:Yb doped glass outer layer is pumped at 980 nm via a tapered optical fiber and whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing is recorded at 1535 nm. When gas passes through the capillary, the WGMs shift toward shorter wavelengths due to the cooling effect of the fluid flow. In this way, thermal tuning of the lasing modes over 70 GHz can be achieved. The output end of the capillary is connected to a mass flow sensor and the WGM shift rate as a function of flow rate and pump laser power is measured, with the results fitted using hot wire anemometry theory. Flow sensing can also be realized when the cavity is passively probed at 780 nm, with the estimated Q-factor of the WGMs being in excess of 105.

AB - Flow sensing using the concept of a hot whispering gallery microlaser is presented. Silica microcapillaries or microbubbles, coated with a layer of erbium:ytterbium (Er:Yb) doped phosphate laser glass, result in a hollow, microbottle-shaped laser geometry. The Er:Yb doped glass outer layer is pumped at 980 nm via a tapered optical fiber and whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing is recorded at 1535 nm. When gas passes through the capillary, the WGMs shift toward shorter wavelengths due to the cooling effect of the fluid flow. In this way, thermal tuning of the lasing modes over 70 GHz can be achieved. The output end of the capillary is connected to a mass flow sensor and the WGM shift rate as a function of flow rate and pump laser power is measured, with the results fitted using hot wire anemometry theory. Flow sensing can also be realized when the cavity is passively probed at 780 nm, with the estimated Q-factor of the WGMs being in excess of 105.

KW - Doped Glass

KW - Flow Sensor

KW - Microlaser

KW - Whispering Gallery

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DO - 10.1117/12.2209205

M3 - Chapter

AN - SCOPUS:84982129602

T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

BT - Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII

A2 - Kudryashov, Alexis V.

A2 - Paxton, Alan H.

A2 - Ilchenko, Vladimir S.

A2 - Aschke, Lutz

PB - SPIE

T2 - Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XVIII

Y2 - 15 February 2016 through 18 February 2016

ER -

Flow sensor using a hollow whispering gallery mode microlaser

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Keywords

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