Immobilization of antibodies and enzymes on 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-functionalized bioanalytical platforms for biosensors and diagnostics

Biosensing and diagnostic platforms with high sensitivity, specificity, and fast response time are based on immobilized biomolecules such as antibodies (Abs), aptamers, enzymes, nucleic acids, receptors, and whole cells for the detection of target analytes. Such sensing biomolecules should be bound to the surface of a signal transducer with a required specific chemical, electrical, or optical property. The biological recognition event generates a quantifiable signal, which is equated to the amount or concentration of the analyte. APTES can be deposited on solid materials, electrode materials, nanomaterials, and nanocomposites under variable conditions of concentration, solvent, temperature, and time. In addition, curing conditions such as air/heat drying might be necessary depending upon the intended application. Pertinent information on the thickness, morphology, and conformation of the APTES layer reported in the literature is often different and conflicting.