Inhibitory effect of conjugated α-linolenic acid from bifidobacteria of intestinal origin on SW480 cancer cells

In this study, we assessed the ability of six strains of bifidobacteria (previously shown by us to possess the ability to convert linoleic acid to c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to grow in the presence of α-linolenic acid and to generate conjugated isomers of the fatty acid substrate during fermentation for 42 h. The six strains of bifidobacteria were grown in modified MRS (mMRS) containing α-linolenic acid for 42 h at 37 °C, after which the fatty acid composition of the growth medium was assessed by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Indeed, following fermentation of one of the strains, namely Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258, in the presence of 0.41 mg/ml α-linolenic acid, 79.1% was converted to the conjugated isomer, C18:3 c9, t11, c15 conjugated α-linolenic acid (CALA). To examine the inhibitory effect of the fermented oils produced, SW480 colon cancer cells were cultured in the presence of the extracted fermented oil (10-50 μg/ml) for 5 days. The data indicate an inhibitory effect on cell growth (p ≤ 0.001) of CALA, with cell numbers reduced by 85% at a concentration of 180 μM, compared with a reduction of only 50% with α-linolenic acid (p ≤ 0.01).