Nanoscale ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Sb 2S 3 nanowire arrays

Justin Varghese; Sven Barth; Lynette Keeney; Roger W. Whatmore; Justin D. Holmes

doi:10.1021/nl2039106

Nanoscale ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Sb ₂S ₃ nanowire arrays

Justin Varghese
, Sven Barth
, Lynette Keeney
, Roger W. Whatmore
, Justin D. Holmes

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We report the first observation of piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in individual Sb ₂S ₃ nanowires embedded in anodic alumina templates. Switching spectroscopy-piezoresponse force microscopy (SS-PFM) measurements demonstrate that individual, c-axis-oriented Sb ₂S ₃ nanowires exhibit ferroelectric as well as piezoelectric switching behavior. Sb ₂S ₃ nanowires with nominal diameters of 200 and 100 nm showed d _33(eff) values around 2 pm V ^-1, while the piezo coefficient obtained for 50 nm diameter nanowires was relatively low at around 0.8 pm V ^-1. A spontaneous polarization (P _s) of approximately 1.8 μC cm ^-2 was observed in the 200 and 100 nm Sb ₂S ₃ nanowires, which is a 100% enhancement when compared to bulk Sb ₂S ₃ and is probably due to the defect-free, single-crystalline nature of the nanowires synthesized. The 180° ferroelectric monodomains observed in Sb ₂S ₃ nanowires were due to uniform polarization alignment along the polar c-axis.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	868-872
Number of pages	5
Journal	Nano Letters
Volume	12
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/nl2039106
Publication status	Published - 8 Feb 2012

Keywords

ferroelectric
Nanowires
PFM
piezoelectric
Sb S
template

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10.1021/nl2039106

https://hdl.handle.net/10468/6762Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

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title = "Nanoscale ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Sb 2S 3 nanowire arrays",

abstract = "We report the first observation of piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in individual Sb 2S 3 nanowires embedded in anodic alumina templates. Switching spectroscopy-piezoresponse force microscopy (SS-PFM) measurements demonstrate that individual, c-axis-oriented Sb 2S 3 nanowires exhibit ferroelectric as well as piezoelectric switching behavior. Sb 2S 3 nanowires with nominal diameters of 200 and 100 nm showed d 33(eff) values around 2 pm V -1, while the piezo coefficient obtained for 50 nm diameter nanowires was relatively low at around 0.8 pm V -1. A spontaneous polarization (P s) of approximately 1.8 μC cm -2 was observed in the 200 and 100 nm Sb 2S 3 nanowires, which is a 100\% enhancement when compared to bulk Sb 2S 3 and is probably due to the defect-free, single-crystalline nature of the nanowires synthesized. The 180° ferroelectric monodomains observed in Sb 2S 3 nanowires were due to uniform polarization alignment along the polar c-axis.",

keywords = "ferroelectric, Nanowires, PFM, piezoelectric, Sb S, template",

author = "Justin Varghese and Sven Barth and Lynette Keeney and Whatmore, \{Roger W.\} and Holmes, \{Justin D.\}",

year = "2012",

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doi = "10.1021/nl2039106",

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T1 - Nanoscale ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Sb 2S 3 nanowire arrays

AU - Varghese, Justin

AU - Barth, Sven

AU - Keeney, Lynette

AU - Whatmore, Roger W.

AU - Holmes, Justin D.

PY - 2012/2/8

Y1 - 2012/2/8

N2 - We report the first observation of piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in individual Sb 2S 3 nanowires embedded in anodic alumina templates. Switching spectroscopy-piezoresponse force microscopy (SS-PFM) measurements demonstrate that individual, c-axis-oriented Sb 2S 3 nanowires exhibit ferroelectric as well as piezoelectric switching behavior. Sb 2S 3 nanowires with nominal diameters of 200 and 100 nm showed d 33(eff) values around 2 pm V -1, while the piezo coefficient obtained for 50 nm diameter nanowires was relatively low at around 0.8 pm V -1. A spontaneous polarization (P s) of approximately 1.8 μC cm -2 was observed in the 200 and 100 nm Sb 2S 3 nanowires, which is a 100% enhancement when compared to bulk Sb 2S 3 and is probably due to the defect-free, single-crystalline nature of the nanowires synthesized. The 180° ferroelectric monodomains observed in Sb 2S 3 nanowires were due to uniform polarization alignment along the polar c-axis.

AB - We report the first observation of piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in individual Sb 2S 3 nanowires embedded in anodic alumina templates. Switching spectroscopy-piezoresponse force microscopy (SS-PFM) measurements demonstrate that individual, c-axis-oriented Sb 2S 3 nanowires exhibit ferroelectric as well as piezoelectric switching behavior. Sb 2S 3 nanowires with nominal diameters of 200 and 100 nm showed d 33(eff) values around 2 pm V -1, while the piezo coefficient obtained for 50 nm diameter nanowires was relatively low at around 0.8 pm V -1. A spontaneous polarization (P s) of approximately 1.8 μC cm -2 was observed in the 200 and 100 nm Sb 2S 3 nanowires, which is a 100% enhancement when compared to bulk Sb 2S 3 and is probably due to the defect-free, single-crystalline nature of the nanowires synthesized. The 180° ferroelectric monodomains observed in Sb 2S 3 nanowires were due to uniform polarization alignment along the polar c-axis.

KW - ferroelectric

KW - Nanowires

KW - PFM

KW - piezoelectric

KW - Sb S

KW - template

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84856965539

U2 - 10.1021/nl2039106

DO - 10.1021/nl2039106

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AN - SCOPUS:84856965539

SN - 1530-6984

VL - 12

SP - 868

EP - 872

JO - Nano Letters

JF - Nano Letters

IS - 2

ER -

Nanoscale ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Sb ₂S ₃ nanowire arrays

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