Nanotubes of core/shell Cu/Cu₂ O as anode materials for Li-Ion rechargeable batteries

A direct electrodeposition technique for Cu nanotube array fabrication and the subsequent conversion of the deposited Cu into Cu₂ O was developed. The Cu₂ O nanotube arrays showed high capacity, cyclability, and rate capability. The cycling performance of the Cu₂ O nanotubes showed a high level of structural integrity with capacity retention even after 94 cycles when cycled at 1C to 3C rates. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the Cu₂ O nanotubes came from a high surface area, electrolyte access, high electrical conductivity of Cu core support, and structural integrity of the oxide shell active material.