TY - CHAP
T1 - OCEAN SPRAWL
T2 - CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IN A CHANGING WORLD
AU - Firth, World Louise B.
AU - Knights, Antony M.
AU - Bridger, Danielle
AU - Evans, Ally J.
AU - Mieszkowska, Nova
AU - Moore, Pippa J.
AU - O’Connor, Nessa E.
AU - Sheehan, Emma V.
AU - Thompson, Richard C.
AU - Hawkins, Stephen J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 by R.N. Hughes, D.J. Hughes, I.P. Smith, A.C. Dale.
PY - 2016/1/1
Y1 - 2016/1/1
N2 - The last few decades have seen rapid proliferation of hard articial structures (e.g., energy infrastructure, aquaculture, coastal defences) in the marine environment: ocean sprawl. The replacement of natural, often sedimentary, substrata with hard substrata has altered the distribution of species, particularly non-indigenous species, and can facilitate the assisted migration of native species at risk from climate change. This has been likened to urbanization as a driver of global biotic homogenization in the marine environment-the process by which species invasions and extinctions increase the genetic, taxonomic, or functional similarity of communities at local, regional, and global scales. Ecological engineering research showed that small-scale engineering interventions can have a signicant positive effect on the biodiversity associated with articial structures, promoting more diverse and resilient communities on local scales. This knowledge can be applied to the design of multifunctional structures that provide a range of ecosystem services. In coastal regions, hybrid designs can work with nature to combine hard and soft approaches to coastal defence in a more environmentally sensitive manner. The challenge now is to manage ocean sprawl with the dual goal of supporting human populations and activities, simultaneously strengthening ecosystem resilience using an ecosystem-based approach.
AB - The last few decades have seen rapid proliferation of hard articial structures (e.g., energy infrastructure, aquaculture, coastal defences) in the marine environment: ocean sprawl. The replacement of natural, often sedimentary, substrata with hard substrata has altered the distribution of species, particularly non-indigenous species, and can facilitate the assisted migration of native species at risk from climate change. This has been likened to urbanization as a driver of global biotic homogenization in the marine environment-the process by which species invasions and extinctions increase the genetic, taxonomic, or functional similarity of communities at local, regional, and global scales. Ecological engineering research showed that small-scale engineering interventions can have a signicant positive effect on the biodiversity associated with articial structures, promoting more diverse and resilient communities on local scales. This knowledge can be applied to the design of multifunctional structures that provide a range of ecosystem services. In coastal regions, hybrid designs can work with nature to combine hard and soft approaches to coastal defence in a more environmentally sensitive manner. The challenge now is to manage ocean sprawl with the dual goal of supporting human populations and activities, simultaneously strengthening ecosystem resilience using an ecosystem-based approach.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85172114374
U2 - 10.1201/9781315368597-9
DO - 10.1201/9781315368597-9
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85172114374
SN - 9781498747981
VL - 54
SP - 193
EP - 270
BT - Oceanography and Marine Biology
PB - CRC Press
ER -
