Optimal coordination of a multiple HVDC link system using centralized and distributed control

This paper presents both offline and online optimization techniques for the control of a multiple high voltage direct current link power system. A frequency control scheme based on classical proportional-integral-derivative controllers is proposed and optimally tuned offline using particle swarm optimization. The performance of this scheme is compared with the performance of a centralized model predictive control (MPC) scheme, and a distributed MPC scheme that uses only local communications. The results illustrate that a significant performance improvement can be achieved using distributed MPC instead of classical control, illustrating the potential of distributed MPC for use in future power networks.