Policy Schemes and Trade in Dairy Products: Agricultural Policy Schemes: Other Systems

In recent decades, many countries have adopted supply management systems, pricing protection policies and tariff rate quotas impacting dairy products. Countries are adapting their policies and entering bilateral or multilateral trade agreements to respond to the ever-increasing globalization of the industry. Where dairy policy schemes exist, they differ substantially across countries. This article reviews current dairy policies in Canada, Japan, Australia and New Zealand to highlight differing approaches to intervention in the dairy market. It also considers historical backgrounds and highlights potential challenges. The comparison of government support to milk producers across the selected countries is supported by measures of producer support estimate (PSE) and single commodity transfers (SCT).