Posterior Pituitary Disorders: Anatomy and Physiology, Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI), and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)

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Abstract

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is vital in the maintenance of the body’s osmolality and water balance. Deficiency and excess of this hormone result in diabetes insipidus and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), respectively. In this chapter, we describe the physiology of fluid balance abnormalities in these disorders and our approach to evaluating and treating children with these conditions. Oxytocin, another hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, plays a role in energy balance, and the physiology and possible future clinical roles of this hormone are also reviewed.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationContemporary Endocrinology
PublisherHumana Press Inc.
Pages201-225
Number of pages25
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2019
Externally publishedYes

Publication series

NameContemporary Endocrinology
ISSN (Print)2523-3785
ISSN (Electronic)2523-3793

Keywords

  • Arginine vasopressin
  • Diabetes insipidus
  • Diagnosis
  • Oxytocin
  • Pediatric
  • SIADH
  • Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
  • Treatment

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