Systematic review update of organisational-level mental health promotion interventions: evidence from healthcare, construction, and telework-based mobile work settings.

Objective: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of organisational-level mental health promotion interventions in healthcare, construction, and Telework and ICT-based Mobile (TICTM) work, focusing on burnout, depression, anxiety, stress, and overall mental well-being. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024541652), we searched PubMed Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCOHost Medline. Studies were included if they assessed organisational-level interventions targeting mental health outcomes, used quantitative methods with control groups, and applied validated measurement tools. Eligible publications were those appearing between 10 July 2021 and 30 June 2024 for healthcare and 17 May 2022 and 30 June 2024 for construction, reflecting the cut-off dates of our previous reviews, and between 1 January 2014 and 30 June 2024 for TICTM. Included studies were appraised for quality using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (QATQS), and findings were synthesised using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: Six controlled trials (four randomised, two non-randomised) met the inclusion criteria. The four healthcare-sector studies each reported significant improvements in at least one primary mental health outcome-burnout, depression, or stress. The construction-sector study found a short-term reduction in stress at 12 months, but this was not sustained at 24 months. The single TICTM study reported improvements in positive affect, a component of psychological well-being. Conclusion: This update confirmed our previous findings, showing that evidence on organisational-level interventions remains strongest in healthcare, where most studies reported improvements in at least one mental health outcome, while studies in construction and TICTM settings remain scarce. Only one study each was found for the construction sector and the TICTM setting, confirming the lack of organisational-level interventions for better mental health in sectors and settings other than healthcare. Due to this limited evidence base, no general trends can be identified. Nevertheless, the few studies suggest that organisational-level mental health promotion interventions have the potential to improve mental health outcomes in diverse settings when appropriately adapted to sector-specific conditions.