TY - JOUR
T1 - Ultra-processed food and drink consumption and lipoprotein subclass profiles
T2 - A cross-sectional study of a middle-to older-aged population
AU - Millar, Seán R.
AU - Harrington, Janas M.
AU - Perry, Ivan J.
AU - Phillips, Catherine M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s)
PY - 2024/9
Y1 - 2024/9
N2 - Background and aims: Studies have consistently demonstrated associations between ultra-processed food and drink (UPFD) consumption and non-communicable diseases. However, there is a lack of data investigating relationships between UPFD intake and intermediate cardiometabolic disease markers. In this study we explored UPFD associations with lipoprotein subclasses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1986 middle-to older-aged men and women randomly selected from a large primary care centre. The percentage contribution of UPFDs to total energy intake was calculated for each participant using the NOVA classification. Lipoprotein particle subclass concentrations and size were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Correlation and multivariate-adjusted linear regression analyses were performed to examine UPFD intake relationships with lipoprotein subclasses. Results: In fully adjusted regression models, higher UPFD consumption was associated with reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations (β = −0.024, p = 0.001), large low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (β = −18.645, p = 0.002), total and medium HDL concentrations (β = −0.328, p = 0.012; β = −0.510, p < 0.001), smaller LDL and HDL size (β = −0.026, p = 0.023; β = −0.023, p = 0.024), and increased medium very low-density lipoprotein levels (β = 0.053, p = 0.022), small LDL and HDL concentrations (β = 20.358, p = 0.02; β = 0.336, p = 0.011), and higher lipoprotein insulin resistance scores (β = 0.048, p = 0.012), reflecting greater lipoprotein-related insulin resistance. Conclusions: Findings from this research suggest that increased intake of UPFDs is associated with a more pro-atherogenic, insulin-resistant metabolic profile in middle-to older-aged adults which may be a potential mechanism underlying reported associations between UPFD consumption and chronic disease risk and mortality.
AB - Background and aims: Studies have consistently demonstrated associations between ultra-processed food and drink (UPFD) consumption and non-communicable diseases. However, there is a lack of data investigating relationships between UPFD intake and intermediate cardiometabolic disease markers. In this study we explored UPFD associations with lipoprotein subclasses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1986 middle-to older-aged men and women randomly selected from a large primary care centre. The percentage contribution of UPFDs to total energy intake was calculated for each participant using the NOVA classification. Lipoprotein particle subclass concentrations and size were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Correlation and multivariate-adjusted linear regression analyses were performed to examine UPFD intake relationships with lipoprotein subclasses. Results: In fully adjusted regression models, higher UPFD consumption was associated with reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations (β = −0.024, p = 0.001), large low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (β = −18.645, p = 0.002), total and medium HDL concentrations (β = −0.328, p = 0.012; β = −0.510, p < 0.001), smaller LDL and HDL size (β = −0.026, p = 0.023; β = −0.023, p = 0.024), and increased medium very low-density lipoprotein levels (β = 0.053, p = 0.022), small LDL and HDL concentrations (β = 20.358, p = 0.02; β = 0.336, p = 0.011), and higher lipoprotein insulin resistance scores (β = 0.048, p = 0.012), reflecting greater lipoprotein-related insulin resistance. Conclusions: Findings from this research suggest that increased intake of UPFDs is associated with a more pro-atherogenic, insulin-resistant metabolic profile in middle-to older-aged adults which may be a potential mechanism underlying reported associations between UPFD consumption and chronic disease risk and mortality.
KW - Drinks
KW - Foods
KW - Lipoproteins
KW - Subclasses
KW - Ultra-processed
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85198974669
U2 - 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.007
DO - 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 39033562
AN - SCOPUS:85198974669
SN - 0261-5614
VL - 43
SP - 1972
EP - 1980
JO - Clinical Nutrition
JF - Clinical Nutrition
IS - 9
ER -
